Eğitim Amaçlı Tasarlanan Sohbet Robotları Üzerine Yapılan Çalışmaların İncelenmesi

Öz

Eğitim amaçlı sohbet robotları üzerine yapılan çalışmaların eğilimlerinin ortaya çıkarılması amacıyla yapılan bu araştırmanın çalışma grubunu Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanında taranan 77 adet makale türündeki yayın oluşturmaktadır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma tarzı benimsenerek sistematik derleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışmaya ait veriler, doküman tarama yöntemiyle elde edilmiş, elde edilen verilere içerik analizi ve bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, eğitim alanında kullanılan sohbet robotları üzerine yapılan yayınların 2003 yılında başladığını ve son yıllarda hızla arttığını göstermektedir. En fazla yayın yapılan ülkenin Çin olduğu ve en fazla atıf alan ülkenin ise Amerika Birleşik Devletleri olduğu belirlenmiştir. Education and Information Technologies dergisinin en fazla yayın yapılan dergi olduğu, en çok tercih edilen anahtar kelimenin ise "chatbot" olduğu tespit edilmiştir. İncelenen yayınların çoğunda, sohbet robotunun tasarımında kullanılan teknolojiden eksik ya da yetersiz bir şekilde bahsedildiği görülmüştür. Ayrıca, tasarlanan sohbet robotlarının çoğunlukla metin tabanlı bir arayüze sahip olduğu ve genellikle bilgi verme amacıyla kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Bu robotlar genellikle yapay zekâ tabanlı bir algoritma kullanılarak geliştirilmiş ve öğrenme sürecinde öğrenmeyi tamamlayıcı veya destekleyici bir rol oynamıştır. Ayrıca sohbet robotlarının etkilerinin en fazla başarı değişkeni üzerinde incelendiği gözlemlenmiştir. Son olarak, yayınların çoğunda sohbet robotlarının uygulama süresine dair bilgi verilmediği gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Yapay zekâ
• Sohbet robotu
• Sistematik derleme
• Bibliyometrik analiz
• İçerik analizi

Investigation of the Studies on Chatbots Designed for Educational Purposes

Öz

This study is based on a research group comprising 77 articles of various types retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) database, aiming to uncover trends in research on educational chatbots. A qualitative research approach was adopted, employing a systematic review method. Data were obtained through document analysis, and content analysis and bibliometric analysis methods were used for the collected data. The findings indicated that publications on educational chatbots began in 2003 and rapidly increased in recent years. It was determined that China was the country with the highest number of publications, while the United States was the country with the most citations. Education and Information Technologies journal was found to be the most frequently published journal, with "chatbot" being the most preferred keyword. In many examined publications, there was either insufficient or incomplete discussion on the technology used in designing chatbots. Additionally, it was observed that most designed chatbots had a text-based interface and were primarily used for providing information. These robots were often developed using an artificial intelligence-based algorithm and served a complementary or supportive role during the learning process. Furthermore, it was noted that the effects of chatbots were predominantly examined on the variable of academic achievement. Lastly, it was observed that in many publications, information regarding the duration of chatbot implementation was not provided.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Artificial intelligence
• Chatbot
• Systematic review
• Bibliometric analysis
• Content analysis

Kaynakça

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