BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

UNIVERSITY STUDENTS’ LONELINESS AND PERCEIVED SOCIAL SUPPORT LEVELS ACCORDING TO GENDER AND PERCEIVED PARENTS ATTITUDES

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 415 - 431, 01.09.2008

Öz

The purpose of the present study is to investigate gender differences and perceived parents attitudes with
respect to loneliness and perceived social support. The universe of this study was Çukurova University students. The
sample consisted of 521 university students from different faculties (Education, Engineering, Economy, Humanities and
Art) at University of Cukurova in 2005–2006 academic year. In this study to examine if there were any significant
differences between gender- perceived parents attitudes and loneliness- perceived social support, multivariate statistic
technic (MANOVA) was used. Findings indicated that there was no significant differences on loneliness and social
support according to gender but there was significant differences according to perceived parents attitudes. Gender main
effect indicated that both female and male students experience loneliness and perceived social supportat more or less at
the same level. Perceived parents attitudes main effect revealed that democratic parents’ children felt less lonely and
they perceived more social support from friends and their family. As a conclusion according to gender there was no
significant effect on loneliness and perceived social support but according to perceiving parents attitudes there were
significant effect on loneliness and perceived social support.

Kaynakça

  • Allen, S. F. ve Stoltenberg, C. D. (1995). Psychological separation of older adolescents and young adults from their parents: An investigation of gender differences. Journal of Consulting and Development, (73), 542–546.
  • Anderson, C. A. ve Harvey, R. J. (1988). Discriminating between problems in living: An examination of social anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, (6), 482–491.
  • measures of depression, loneliness, shyness, and
  • Antonucci, T. C. ve Akiyama, H. (1987). An examination of sex differences in social support among older men and women. Sex Roles, 17(11/12), 737–749.
  • Arı, R. ve Hamarta, E. (2000). Investigation of social skills and loneliness levels of university students with respect to their personal characteristics. Selcuk University Journal of Faculty of Education, (10), 121–134.
  • Caldwell, R. A. ve Bloom, B. L. (1982). Social support: Its structure and impact on marital disruption. American Journal of Community Psychology, 10(6), 647– 667.
  • Cutrona, C. E. (1982). Transition to change: loneliness and the process of social adjustment. In L. A. Peplau and D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: a sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 291–309). New York: Wiley
  • Çakır, Y. ve Palabıyıkoğlu, R. (1997). Gençlerde sosyal destek-çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin güvenirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. KrizDergisi, (5), 15-24.
  • Demir, A. (1989). UCLA yalnızlık ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(23), 14–18.
  • Demir, A. (1990). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeylerini etkileyen bazı etmenler. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • DiTommaso, E. (1997). Assessing an attachment model of loneliness: The relationship between attachment style, chronic loneliness and coping. Dean of Graduate Studies. Unpublished PhD dissertation, New Brunswick, Canada. The University of
  • DiTommaso, E. ve Spinner, B. (1997). Social and emotional loneliness: A reexamination of Weiss’ typology of loneliness, Personality and Individual Differences , (22), 417–427
  • Eker, D. ve Arkar, H. (1995). Perceived social support: Psychometric properties of the MSPSS in normal and pathological groups in a developing country. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, (30), 121–126.
  • Güngör, D. (1996). Turkish university students’ relationships with their friends and families: Social support, Satisfaction and Loneliness. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi,Ankara.
  • Hamarta, E. (2000). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık ve sosyal beceri düzeylerinin öğrencilerin özlük nitelikleri açısından incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya.
  • Çakıl, N. (1998). Grupla sosyal beceri eğitiminin üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Jones, W. H. ve Carver, M. D. (1991). Adjustment and coping implications of loneliness, R. Snyder ve D.R. Forsyth (Eds.), Handbook of social and clinical psychology: The healthy perspective (395-415) New York: Pergamon Press.
  • Jones, W. H., Freemon, J. E. ve Goswick, R. A. (1981). The persistence of loneliness: Self and other determinants, Journal of Personality, (49), 27–28.
  • Jones, W. H. ve Moore, T. L. (1987). Loneliness and social support. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, (2), 145–156.
  • Mahon, N. E. ve Yarcheski, A. (1992). Alternate explanations of loneliness in adolescents: A replication and extension study. Nursing Research, 41, 151– 156.
  • Mahon, N. E. ve Yarcheski, T. J. (1994). Future time perspective and positive health practices in adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, (79), 395-398.
  • Mahon, N. E., Yarcheski, A. ve Yarcheski, T. J. (1994). Differences in social support and loneliness in adolescents according to developmental stage and gender. Public Health Nursing, (11), 361–368.
  • Mahon, N. E., Yarcheski, A. ve Yarcheski, T. J. (1998). Social support and positive health practices in young adults: Loneliness as a mediating variable. Clinical Nursing Research, 7(3), 292 (17).
  • McFarlane, A. H., Neale, K. A., Norman, G. R., Roy, R. G. ve Streiner, D. L. (1981). Methodological issues in developing a scale to measure social support. Schizophrenia Bulletin, (7), 90–100.
  • McWhirter, B. R. (1990). Loneliness:Areview of current literature, with implications for counseling and research. Journal of Counseling and Development, (68), 417–422.
  • Nadler, A., Maler, S. ve Friedman, A. (1984). Effects of helpers’ sex, subjects’ androgyny, and self-evaluation on males’ and females’ willingness to seek and receive help. Sex Roles, 10(5/6), 327–339.
  • Olmstead, R. E., Guy, S. M., O’Malley, P. M ve Bentler, P. M. (1991). Longitudinal assessment of the relationship between self-esteem, fatalism, loneliness and substance abuse. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 6, 749–770.
  • Peplau, L. A., Miceli, M. ve Morash, B. (1982). Loneliness and self-evaluation. In L. A, Peplau ve D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of currenttheory, research and therapy (pp. 135–151). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Rokach, A. ve Brock, H. I. (1995). The effects of gender, marital status, and the chronicity and immediacy of loneliness. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 10(4), 1-16
  • Russell, D.; Cutrona, C. E., Rose, J. and Yurko. K. (1984). Social and emotional loneliness: An exploration of Weiss’s typology of loneliness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(6): I3 13-l 32 I
  • Russell, D.; Peplau, L. A. ve Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (39), 472–480.
  • Russell, D. (1982). The measurement of loneliness. In L. A. Peplau & D.Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 81–104). New York: Wiley.
  • Sadava, S. W. ve Pak, A. W. (1994). Problem drinking and close relationships during the third decade of life. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, (8), 251– 258.
  • Schmitt, J. P. ve Kurdek, L. A. (1985). Age and gender differences in and personality correlates of loneliness in different relationships. Journal of Personality Assessment, (49), 484–496.
  • Schumaker, J. F.; Krejci, R. C. ve Small, L. (1985). Experience of loneliness by obese individuals. Psychological Reports, (57), 1147–1154.
  • Stokes, J. P. (1985). The relation of social network and individual difference variables to loneliness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (48), 981–990.
  • Stokes, J. P. ve Wilson, D. G. (1984). The inventory of socially supportive behaviors: Dimensionality, prediction, and gender differences. American Journal of Community Psychology, 12(1), 53–69.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. ve Fidell, L. S. (1996). Using multivariate statistics (3rd ed.). New York: Harper Collins.
  • Tüzün, Z. (1997). Life events, depression, social support systems, reasons for living and suicide probability among university students. Unpublished master thesis in Applied Psychology, METU, Ankara.
  • Weber, B.; Mathe, A. ve Nolsen, E. (1997). Relationships among multiple suicide ideation risk factors in college students. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, (11), 49–64.
  • Weiss, R. S. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Pres.
  • Weiss, R. S. (1987). Reflections on the present state of loneliness research. Journal of Social Behaviour and Personality, (2), 1-16.
  • Wheeler, L., Reis, H. ve Nezlek, J. (1983). Loneliness, social interaction and sex roles. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (45), 943–953.
  • Wittenberg, M. T. ve Reis, H. T. (1986). Loneliness, social skills, and social perception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 12, 121–130.
  • Zimet, G. D.; Dahlem, N. W.; Zimet, S.G. ve Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, (52), 30- 41.

ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN CİNSİYETLERİNE VE ANABABA TUTUM ALGILARINA GÖRE YALNIZLIK VE SOSYAL DESTEK DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ

Yıl 2008, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3, 415 - 431, 01.09.2008

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı üniversite öğrencilerinin cinsiyetlerine ve ana baba tutum algılarına göre yalnızlık ve
algılanan sosyal destek düzeylerinin incelenmesidir. Araştırmanın evrenini Çukurova Üniversitesi, örneklemini ise
Çukurova Üniversitesinde 2005-2006 yılında farklı fakültelerde (Eğitim, Mühendislik, İdari Bilimler, Fen Edebiyat)
öğrenim gören toplam 521 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada cinsiyet ve algılanmış ebeveyn tutumlarının yalnızlık ve
sosyal destek üzerindeki etkisi çok boyutlu varyans analizi (MANOVA) ile test edilmiştir. Uygulanan MANOVA sonuçları
cinsiyet ana etkisine göre yalnızlık ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin farklılaşmadığını, kız ve erkek öğrencilerin birbirine
benzer düzeyde yalnızlık ve sosyal destek algılarının olduğunu göstermektedir. Ana-baba tutumları ana etkisine göre ise
yalnızlık ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin anlamlı bir biçimde farklılaştığını göstermektedir. Ebeveynlerini demokratik
algılayan ebeveynlerin çocuklarının kendilerini daha az yalnız hissettikleri ve daha fazla arkadaşlarından ve
aielelerinden sosyal destek aldıklarını algıladıkları görülmektedir. Sonuç olarak; araştırma sonuçları cinsiyet ana
etkisine göre yalnızlık ve sosyal destek düzeylerinin farklılaşmadığını, algılanmış ebeveyn tutumlarına göre ise yalnızlık
ve algılanmış sosyal destek düzeylerinin farklılaştığını göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Allen, S. F. ve Stoltenberg, C. D. (1995). Psychological separation of older adolescents and young adults from their parents: An investigation of gender differences. Journal of Consulting and Development, (73), 542–546.
  • Anderson, C. A. ve Harvey, R. J. (1988). Discriminating between problems in living: An examination of social anxiety. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, (6), 482–491.
  • measures of depression, loneliness, shyness, and
  • Antonucci, T. C. ve Akiyama, H. (1987). An examination of sex differences in social support among older men and women. Sex Roles, 17(11/12), 737–749.
  • Arı, R. ve Hamarta, E. (2000). Investigation of social skills and loneliness levels of university students with respect to their personal characteristics. Selcuk University Journal of Faculty of Education, (10), 121–134.
  • Caldwell, R. A. ve Bloom, B. L. (1982). Social support: Its structure and impact on marital disruption. American Journal of Community Psychology, 10(6), 647– 667.
  • Cutrona, C. E. (1982). Transition to change: loneliness and the process of social adjustment. In L. A. Peplau and D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: a sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 291–309). New York: Wiley
  • Çakır, Y. ve Palabıyıkoğlu, R. (1997). Gençlerde sosyal destek-çok boyutlu algılanan sosyal destek ölçeğinin güvenirlik ve geçerlilik çalışması. KrizDergisi, (5), 15-24.
  • Demir, A. (1989). UCLA yalnızlık ölçeğinin geçerlik ve güvenirliği. Türk Psikoloji Dergisi, 7(23), 14–18.
  • Demir, A. (1990). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeylerini etkileyen bazı etmenler. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • DiTommaso, E. (1997). Assessing an attachment model of loneliness: The relationship between attachment style, chronic loneliness and coping. Dean of Graduate Studies. Unpublished PhD dissertation, New Brunswick, Canada. The University of
  • DiTommaso, E. ve Spinner, B. (1997). Social and emotional loneliness: A reexamination of Weiss’ typology of loneliness, Personality and Individual Differences , (22), 417–427
  • Eker, D. ve Arkar, H. (1995). Perceived social support: Psychometric properties of the MSPSS in normal and pathological groups in a developing country. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, (30), 121–126.
  • Güngör, D. (1996). Turkish university students’ relationships with their friends and families: Social support, Satisfaction and Loneliness. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Ortadoğu Teknik Üniversitesi,Ankara.
  • Hamarta, E. (2000). Üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık ve sosyal beceri düzeylerinin öğrencilerin özlük nitelikleri açısından incelenmesi. Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya.
  • Çakıl, N. (1998). Grupla sosyal beceri eğitiminin üniversite öğrencilerinin yalnızlık düzeyleri üzerindeki etkisi. Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi, Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara.
  • Jones, W. H. ve Carver, M. D. (1991). Adjustment and coping implications of loneliness, R. Snyder ve D.R. Forsyth (Eds.), Handbook of social and clinical psychology: The healthy perspective (395-415) New York: Pergamon Press.
  • Jones, W. H., Freemon, J. E. ve Goswick, R. A. (1981). The persistence of loneliness: Self and other determinants, Journal of Personality, (49), 27–28.
  • Jones, W. H. ve Moore, T. L. (1987). Loneliness and social support. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, (2), 145–156.
  • Mahon, N. E. ve Yarcheski, A. (1992). Alternate explanations of loneliness in adolescents: A replication and extension study. Nursing Research, 41, 151– 156.
  • Mahon, N. E. ve Yarcheski, T. J. (1994). Future time perspective and positive health practices in adolescents. Perceptual and Motor Skills, (79), 395-398.
  • Mahon, N. E., Yarcheski, A. ve Yarcheski, T. J. (1994). Differences in social support and loneliness in adolescents according to developmental stage and gender. Public Health Nursing, (11), 361–368.
  • Mahon, N. E., Yarcheski, A. ve Yarcheski, T. J. (1998). Social support and positive health practices in young adults: Loneliness as a mediating variable. Clinical Nursing Research, 7(3), 292 (17).
  • McFarlane, A. H., Neale, K. A., Norman, G. R., Roy, R. G. ve Streiner, D. L. (1981). Methodological issues in developing a scale to measure social support. Schizophrenia Bulletin, (7), 90–100.
  • McWhirter, B. R. (1990). Loneliness:Areview of current literature, with implications for counseling and research. Journal of Counseling and Development, (68), 417–422.
  • Nadler, A., Maler, S. ve Friedman, A. (1984). Effects of helpers’ sex, subjects’ androgyny, and self-evaluation on males’ and females’ willingness to seek and receive help. Sex Roles, 10(5/6), 327–339.
  • Olmstead, R. E., Guy, S. M., O’Malley, P. M ve Bentler, P. M. (1991). Longitudinal assessment of the relationship between self-esteem, fatalism, loneliness and substance abuse. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 6, 749–770.
  • Peplau, L. A., Miceli, M. ve Morash, B. (1982). Loneliness and self-evaluation. In L. A, Peplau ve D. Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of currenttheory, research and therapy (pp. 135–151). Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Rokach, A. ve Brock, H. I. (1995). The effects of gender, marital status, and the chronicity and immediacy of loneliness. Journal of Social Behavior and Personality, 10(4), 1-16
  • Russell, D.; Cutrona, C. E., Rose, J. and Yurko. K. (1984). Social and emotional loneliness: An exploration of Weiss’s typology of loneliness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 46(6): I3 13-l 32 I
  • Russell, D.; Peplau, L. A. ve Cutrona, C. E. (1980). The revised UCLA Loneliness Scale: Concurrent and discriminant validity evidence. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (39), 472–480.
  • Russell, D. (1982). The measurement of loneliness. In L. A. Peplau & D.Perlman (Eds.), Loneliness: A sourcebook of current theory, research and therapy (pp. 81–104). New York: Wiley.
  • Sadava, S. W. ve Pak, A. W. (1994). Problem drinking and close relationships during the third decade of life. Psychology of Addictive Behaviors, (8), 251– 258.
  • Schmitt, J. P. ve Kurdek, L. A. (1985). Age and gender differences in and personality correlates of loneliness in different relationships. Journal of Personality Assessment, (49), 484–496.
  • Schumaker, J. F.; Krejci, R. C. ve Small, L. (1985). Experience of loneliness by obese individuals. Psychological Reports, (57), 1147–1154.
  • Stokes, J. P. (1985). The relation of social network and individual difference variables to loneliness. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (48), 981–990.
  • Stokes, J. P. ve Wilson, D. G. (1984). The inventory of socially supportive behaviors: Dimensionality, prediction, and gender differences. American Journal of Community Psychology, 12(1), 53–69.
  • Tabachnick, B. G. ve Fidell, L. S. (1996). Using multivariate statistics (3rd ed.). New York: Harper Collins.
  • Tüzün, Z. (1997). Life events, depression, social support systems, reasons for living and suicide probability among university students. Unpublished master thesis in Applied Psychology, METU, Ankara.
  • Weber, B.; Mathe, A. ve Nolsen, E. (1997). Relationships among multiple suicide ideation risk factors in college students. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, (11), 49–64.
  • Weiss, R. S. (1973). Loneliness: The experience of emotional and social isolation. Cambridge, MA: MIT Pres.
  • Weiss, R. S. (1987). Reflections on the present state of loneliness research. Journal of Social Behaviour and Personality, (2), 1-16.
  • Wheeler, L., Reis, H. ve Nezlek, J. (1983). Loneliness, social interaction and sex roles. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, (45), 943–953.
  • Wittenberg, M. T. ve Reis, H. T. (1986). Loneliness, social skills, and social perception. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 12, 121–130.
  • Zimet, G. D.; Dahlem, N. W.; Zimet, S.G. ve Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional scale of perceived social support. Journal of Personality Assessment, (52), 30- 41.
Toplam 45 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Diğer ID JA84VH54MN
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

A. Rezan Çeçen Bu kişi benim

Yayımlanma Tarihi 1 Eylül 2008
Gönderilme Tarihi 1 Eylül 2008
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2008 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA Çeçen, A. R. (2008). ÖĞRENCİLERİNİN CİNSİYETLERİNE VE ANABABA TUTUM ALGILARINA GÖRE YALNIZLIK VE SOSYAL DESTEK DÜZEYLERİNİN İNCELENMESİ. Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(3), 415-431.

                                                                                                    Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi Gazi Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü tarafından yayınlanmaktadır.

                                                                                                                                      Creative Commons Lisansı