Araştırma Makalesi

From Biblical Truth to the Truth About the Bible: Spinoza and the End of Scriptural Philosophy

Sayı: 24 1 Aralık 2025
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From Biblical Truth to the Truth About the Bible: Spinoza and the End of Scriptural Philosophy

Abstract

This article examines Spinoza’s confrontation with the religious traditions of scriptural philosophy and his effort to disentangle philosophy from biblical exegesis, and vice versa. By reading the Treatise on the Emendation of the Intellect alongside the Theological-Political Treatise, it argues that Spinoza’s path to philosophy arises primarily from a reflection on the “true good” through the recognition of the futility of certain aspects and conventional “goods” of ordinary life. At the same time, it is shaped by his original and critical engagement with biblical and Pharisaic-rabbinic themes. The study highlights his critique of Pharisaic-rabbinic exclusivism and its interpretation of the biblical doctrine of chosenness, his rejection of philosophical-allegorical exegesis, and his polemic against theologians who subordinate Scripture to Neoplatonic and Aristotelian speculation. Against these traditions, Spinoza advances what may be called a dual liberation. On one side, philosophy (freed from theological tutelage) claims geometric certainty in uncovering the necessary order of nature and in guiding human beings toward genuine happiness and blessedness. On the other, Scripture (released from speculative distortions) regains its divine character and usefulness, preserving its dignity and authority through the universal moral precepts of justice and charity. Ultimately, the article argues that Spinoza brings scriptural philosophy to an end by exposing the contradictions inherent in all attempts to reconcile revelation with philosophy, and by inaugurating a new philosophical project (an ethics grounded in ontology) together with a hermeneutic science founded on historical-critical exegesis. This dual liberation stands out as one of Spinoza’s most enduring contributions within the framework of modern thought.

Keywords

Destekleyen Kurum

Galatasaray Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi (BAP)

Proje Numarası

SBA-2024-1262

Kaynakça

  1. Bensussan, Gérard. Qu’est-ce que la philosophie juive ? Paris: Desclée de Brouwer, 2003.
  2. Chalier, Catherine. “Le pouvoir révélant de la Bible juive” in Judaïsme et christianisme, l’écoute en partage, Edited by Catherine Chalier and Marc Faessler, 97-113. Paris: Cerf, 2001.
  3. ———. L’inspiration du philosophe.“L’amour de la sagesse” et sa source prophétique. Paris: Albin Michel, 1996.
  4. ———. Spinoza, lecteur de Maïmonide. La question théologico-politique. Paris: Cerf, 2006.
  5. Curley, Edwin. “Spinoza’s Biblical Scholarship” in Baruch de Spinoza, Theologisch-politischer Traktat, Edited by Otfried Höffe, 109-26. Berlin: De Gruyter Akademie Verlag, 2014.
  6. Deleuze, Gilles. Expressionism in Philosophy: Spinoza. Translated by Martin Joughin, New York: Zone Books, 1990.
  7. Guttmann, Julius. Philosophies of Judaism: The History of Jewish Philosophy from Biblical Times to Franz Rosenzweig. Translated by David W. Silverman, Garden City, NY: Anchor Books, 1966.
  8. Hadot, Pierre. Philosophy as a Way of Life: Spiritual Exercises from Socrates to Foucault. Translated by Michael Chase, Oxford: Blackwell, 2001.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Din Felsefesi , 17. Yüzyıl Felsefesi , Helenistik Felsefe , Modern Felsefe , Ortaçağ Felsefesi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yayımlanma Tarihi

1 Aralık 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

3 Eylül 2025

Kabul Tarihi

10 Ekim 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Sayı: 24

Kaynak Göster

Chicago
Nahum, Alber Erol. 2025. “From Biblical Truth to the Truth About the Bible: Spinoza and the End of Scriptural Philosophy”. Temaşa Erciyes Üniversitesi Felsefe Bölümü Dergisi, sy 24: 187-203. https://doi.org/10.55256/temasa.1777186.