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COPYRIGHT INFRINGEMENT OF CONTENT USED IN TRAINING GENERATIVE AI MODELS: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS IN LIGHT OF CURRENT US CASES

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 91 - 110, 30.06.2025

Esma Muheyne Doğan

https://doi.org/10.55027/tfm.1637308

Öz

This study comparatively examines the copyright infringement issue of content used in training generative AI models within the framework of US, EU, and Turkish legal systems. In light of current US cases, it evaluates the US "fair use" doctrine, EU's text and data mining exceptions, and existing regulations in Turkish law. The study reveals how different legal systems attempt to balance the development of AI technologies with copyright holders' legitimate interests.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Artificial intelligence copyright generative AI fair use text and data mining comparative law

Kaynakça

  • Akın İ, Dijital Telif Hukuku (1 bs, Seçkin Yayıncılık 2022)
  • Blockx F, ‘Reading Tea Leaves Differently?’ içinde Rosati E (ed), The Routledge Handbook of EU Copyright Law (1 bs, Routledge 2021)
  • Chesterman S, ‘Good Models Borrow, Great Models Steal: Intellectual Property Rights and Generative AI’ (2024) NUS Law Working Paper No 2023/025
  • Coulter M, ‘Aiming for Fairness: An Exploration into Getty Images v. Stability AI and Its Importance in the Landscape of Modern Copyright Law’ (2024) 34 Intellectual Property Law
  • Engle EA, ‘When Is Fair Use Fair?: A Comparison of E.U. and U.S. Intellectual Property Law’ (2002) 15 Transnational Lawyer
  • Geiger C, Gervais DJ ve Senftleben M, ‘Understanding the "Three-Step Test" içinde Gervais DJ (ed), International Intellectual Property (Edward Elgar Publishing 2015)
  • Helvacı S ve Atar EA, ‘Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Hukukunda Üç Aşamalı Test’ (2016) 22 Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 1289
  • Kahveci, Z Ü, “Attribution Problem of Generative AI: A View from US Copyright Law.” Journal of Intellectual Property Law and Practice 18 (2023): 796–802.
  • Lee K, Cooper F A, ve Grimmelmann J. “Talkin’ ’Bout AI Generation: Copyright and the Generative-AI Supply Chain (The Short Version).” In Proceedings of the Symposium on Computer Science and Law, (2024) 54.
  • Mantegna, M, “ARTificial: Why Copyright Is Not the Right Policy Tool to Deal with Generative AI.” SSRN Electronic Journal, 2025.
  • Sag M, ‘Copyright Safety for Generative AI’ (2023) 61 Houston Law Review 295
  • Sag M, Samuelson P ve Sprigman CJ, ‘Comments In Response To The Copyright Office’s Notice Of Inquiry On Artificial Intelligence And Copyright’ [2024] SSRN Electronic Journal
  • Samuelson P, ‘Fair Use Defenses in Disruptive Technology Cases’ [2023] SSRN Working Paper
  • Samuelson P, ‘How to Think about Remedies in the Generative AI Copyright Cases’ (2024) 67 Communications of the ACM 27
  • Samuelson P, ‘U.S. Copyright Office’s Questions about Generative AI’ (2024) 67 Communications of the ACM 25
  • Samuelson P, ‘Unbundling Fair Use’ (UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No 1323834)
  • Schroff S, ‘The Purpose of Copyright—Moving beyond the Theory’ (2021) 16 Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 1262
  • Tekinalp Ü, Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku (5 bs, Vedat Kitapçılık 2012)
  • Andersen v Stability AI Ltd (ND Cal, No 3:23-cv-00201)
  • Authors Guild v OpenAI (SDNY, No 1:23-cv-08292-SHS)
  • Getty Images v Stability AI Ltd (D Del, No 1:23-cv-00135-JLH)
  • Milette v Google (ND Cal, No 5:24-cv-04708)
  • New York Times v OpenAI (GDNY, No 1:23-cv-11195-SHS)
  • New York Times v Tasini, 533 US 483 (2001)
  • Sony Corp of America v Universal City Studios, Inc, 464 US 417 (1984)
  • Thomson Reuters v Ross Intelligence (D Del, No 1:20-cv-00613-UNA)
  • Twentieth Century Music Corp v Aiken, 422 US 151 (1975)
  • Council Directive (EC) 2001/29 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society [2001] OJ L167/10
  • Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) [2024] OJ L1689/1
  • Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu 1951, Kanun No. 5846, Resmî Gazete 13.12.1951, Sayı 7981
  • ABD Telif Hakları Ofisi, ‘Copyright and Artificial Intelligence Part 1 Digital Replicas Report’ <https://www.copyright.gov/ai/Copyright-and-Artificial- Intelligence-Part-1-Digital-Replicas-Report.pdf> s.e.t. 7 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Berne Convention’ (WIPO) <https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text/283698> s.e.t. 7 Haziran 2024
  • ‘Chapter 1- Circular 92’ (ABD Telif Hakları Ofisi) <https://www.copyright.gov/ title17/92chap1.html#107> s.e.t. 10 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Common Crawl- Impact’ (Common Crawl) <https://commoncrawl.org/impact> s.e.t. 8 Ocak 2025
  • Copyright Alliance, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-10319> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • European Union, ‘2024 Türkiye Report’ (AB Başkanlığı) <https://www.ab.gov.tr/siteimages/ birimler/kpb/2024_trkiye_report_tr.pdf> s.e.t. 7 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Generative AI Could Raise Global GDP by 7%’ (Goldman Sachs) <https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/generative-ai-could- raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent.html> s.e.t. 15 Aralık 2024
  • Google, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-9003> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • “Inside the Secret List of Websites That Make AI like ChatGPT Sound Smart.” (Washington Post) <https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2023/ai-chatbot-learning/> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • JD ‘26 ZS, ‘Andersen v. Stability AI: The Landmark Case Unpacking the Copyright Risks of AI Image Generators’ (NYU JIPEL, 2 Aralık 2024) <https://jipel.law.nyu.edu/andersen-v-stability-ai-the-landmark-case- unpacking-the-copyright-risks-of-ai-image-generators/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Judge Bibas Issues 1st Ruling on How Fair Use Applies in AI Training’ (Chat GPT Is Eating the World, 13 Ekim 2023) <https://chatgptiseating theworld.com/2023/10/13/judge-bibas-issues-1st-ruling-on-how-fair-use- applies-in-ai-training-after-andy-warhol-foundation-decision/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 106- Exclusive Rights in Copyrighted Works” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/106> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 106A- Rights of Certain Authors to Attribution and Integrity” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/106A> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 107- Limitations on Exclusive Rights: Fair Use” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/107> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 1202- Integrity of Copyright Management Information” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/1202> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • Madigan K, ‘Top Takeaways from Order in the Andersen v. Stability AI Copyright Case’ (Copyright Alliance, 29 Ağustos 2024) <https://copyrightalliance.org/andersen-v-stability-ai-copyright-case/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Master List of Lawsuits v. AI, ChatGPT, OpenAI, Microsoft, Meta, Midjourney & Other AI Cos.’ (Chat GPT Is Eating the World, 27 Ağustos 2024) <https://chatgptiseatingtheworld.com/2024/08/27/master-list-of-lawsuits- v-ai-chatgpt-openai-microsoft-meta-midjourney-other-ai-cos/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • Meta Platforms, Inc, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-10332> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • Motion Picture Association, Inc, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-8970> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • ‘OpenAI and Journalism’ (OpenAI) <https://openai.com/index/openai-and- journalism/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Overview of Congress’s Power Over Intellectual Property’ (Congress.gov) <https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C8-1/ ALDE_00013060/> s.e.t. 2 Ocak 2025
  • Penny, Brian, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-10058> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • Pope A, ‘NYT v. OpenAI: The Times’s About-Face’ (Harvard Law Review,10 Nisan 2024) <https://harvardlawreview.org/blog/2024/04/nyt-v-openai-the-timess- about-face/> s.e.t. 30 Aralık 2024
  • Rajan MTS, ‘Is Generative AI Fair Use of Copyright Works? NYT v. OpenAI’ (Kluwer Copyright Blog, 29 Şubat 2024) <https://copyrightblog.kluwer iplaw.com/2024/02/29/is-generative-ai-fair-use-of-copyright-works-nyt- v-openai/> s.e.t. 10 Ocak 2025
  • ‘What Are Large Language Models (LLMs)?’ (IBM, 2 Kasım 2023) <https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/large-language-models> s.e.t. 15 Aralık 2024
  • ‘Yapay Zekâ Kanun Teklifi’ (TBMM) <https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/Yasama/ KanunTeklifi/e21539a0-888a-4500-81be-01904a918c53> s.e.t. 7 Ocak 2025

ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1, 91 - 110, 30.06.2025

Esma Muheyne Doğan

https://doi.org/10.55027/tfm.1637308

Öz

Çalışma, üretken yapay zekâ modellerinin eğitiminde kullanılan içeriklerin telif hakkı ihlali sorununu ABD, AB ve Türkiye hukuk sistemleri çerçevesinde karşılaştırmalı olarak inceler. ABD'deki güncel davalar ışığında, ABD'nin "adil kullanım" doktrini, AB'nin metin ve veri madenciliği istisnaları ve Türk hukukundaki mevcut düzenlemelerinin değerlendirir. Çalışma, farklı hukuk sistemlerinin yapay zekâ teknolojilerinin gelişimi ile telif hakkı sahiplerinin meşru çıkarları arasında nasıl bir denge kurmaya çalıştığını belirlemeye çalışır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yapay zekâ telif hakları üretken yapay zekâ adil kullanım metin ve veri madenciliği karşılaştırmalı hukuk

Kaynakça

  • Akın İ, Dijital Telif Hukuku (1 bs, Seçkin Yayıncılık 2022)
  • Blockx F, ‘Reading Tea Leaves Differently?’ içinde Rosati E (ed), The Routledge Handbook of EU Copyright Law (1 bs, Routledge 2021)
  • Chesterman S, ‘Good Models Borrow, Great Models Steal: Intellectual Property Rights and Generative AI’ (2024) NUS Law Working Paper No 2023/025
  • Coulter M, ‘Aiming for Fairness: An Exploration into Getty Images v. Stability AI and Its Importance in the Landscape of Modern Copyright Law’ (2024) 34 Intellectual Property Law
  • Engle EA, ‘When Is Fair Use Fair?: A Comparison of E.U. and U.S. Intellectual Property Law’ (2002) 15 Transnational Lawyer
  • Geiger C, Gervais DJ ve Senftleben M, ‘Understanding the "Three-Step Test" içinde Gervais DJ (ed), International Intellectual Property (Edward Elgar Publishing 2015)
  • Helvacı S ve Atar EA, ‘Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Hukukunda Üç Aşamalı Test’ (2016) 22 Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi 1289
  • Kahveci, Z Ü, “Attribution Problem of Generative AI: A View from US Copyright Law.” Journal of Intellectual Property Law and Practice 18 (2023): 796–802.
  • Lee K, Cooper F A, ve Grimmelmann J. “Talkin’ ’Bout AI Generation: Copyright and the Generative-AI Supply Chain (The Short Version).” In Proceedings of the Symposium on Computer Science and Law, (2024) 54.
  • Mantegna, M, “ARTificial: Why Copyright Is Not the Right Policy Tool to Deal with Generative AI.” SSRN Electronic Journal, 2025.
  • Sag M, ‘Copyright Safety for Generative AI’ (2023) 61 Houston Law Review 295
  • Sag M, Samuelson P ve Sprigman CJ, ‘Comments In Response To The Copyright Office’s Notice Of Inquiry On Artificial Intelligence And Copyright’ [2024] SSRN Electronic Journal
  • Samuelson P, ‘Fair Use Defenses in Disruptive Technology Cases’ [2023] SSRN Working Paper
  • Samuelson P, ‘How to Think about Remedies in the Generative AI Copyright Cases’ (2024) 67 Communications of the ACM 27
  • Samuelson P, ‘U.S. Copyright Office’s Questions about Generative AI’ (2024) 67 Communications of the ACM 25
  • Samuelson P, ‘Unbundling Fair Use’ (UC Berkeley Public Law Research Paper No 1323834)
  • Schroff S, ‘The Purpose of Copyright—Moving beyond the Theory’ (2021) 16 Journal of Intellectual Property Law & Practice 1262
  • Tekinalp Ü, Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku (5 bs, Vedat Kitapçılık 2012)
  • Andersen v Stability AI Ltd (ND Cal, No 3:23-cv-00201)
  • Authors Guild v OpenAI (SDNY, No 1:23-cv-08292-SHS)
  • Getty Images v Stability AI Ltd (D Del, No 1:23-cv-00135-JLH)
  • Milette v Google (ND Cal, No 5:24-cv-04708)
  • New York Times v OpenAI (GDNY, No 1:23-cv-11195-SHS)
  • New York Times v Tasini, 533 US 483 (2001)
  • Sony Corp of America v Universal City Studios, Inc, 464 US 417 (1984)
  • Thomson Reuters v Ross Intelligence (D Del, No 1:20-cv-00613-UNA)
  • Twentieth Century Music Corp v Aiken, 422 US 151 (1975)
  • Council Directive (EC) 2001/29 on the harmonisation of certain aspects of copyright and related rights in the information society [2001] OJ L167/10
  • Regulation (EU) 2024/1689 of the European Parliament and of the Council on Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence Act) [2024] OJ L1689/1
  • Fikir ve Sanat Eserleri Kanunu 1951, Kanun No. 5846, Resmî Gazete 13.12.1951, Sayı 7981
  • ABD Telif Hakları Ofisi, ‘Copyright and Artificial Intelligence Part 1 Digital Replicas Report’ <https://www.copyright.gov/ai/Copyright-and-Artificial- Intelligence-Part-1-Digital-Replicas-Report.pdf> s.e.t. 7 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Berne Convention’ (WIPO) <https://www.wipo.int/wipolex/en/text/283698> s.e.t. 7 Haziran 2024
  • ‘Chapter 1- Circular 92’ (ABD Telif Hakları Ofisi) <https://www.copyright.gov/ title17/92chap1.html#107> s.e.t. 10 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Common Crawl- Impact’ (Common Crawl) <https://commoncrawl.org/impact> s.e.t. 8 Ocak 2025
  • Copyright Alliance, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-10319> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • European Union, ‘2024 Türkiye Report’ (AB Başkanlığı) <https://www.ab.gov.tr/siteimages/ birimler/kpb/2024_trkiye_report_tr.pdf> s.e.t. 7 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Generative AI Could Raise Global GDP by 7%’ (Goldman Sachs) <https://www.goldmansachs.com/insights/articles/generative-ai-could- raise-global-gdp-by-7-percent.html> s.e.t. 15 Aralık 2024
  • Google, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-9003> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • “Inside the Secret List of Websites That Make AI like ChatGPT Sound Smart.” (Washington Post) <https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/interactive/2023/ai-chatbot-learning/> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • JD ‘26 ZS, ‘Andersen v. Stability AI: The Landmark Case Unpacking the Copyright Risks of AI Image Generators’ (NYU JIPEL, 2 Aralık 2024) <https://jipel.law.nyu.edu/andersen-v-stability-ai-the-landmark-case- unpacking-the-copyright-risks-of-ai-image-generators/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Judge Bibas Issues 1st Ruling on How Fair Use Applies in AI Training’ (Chat GPT Is Eating the World, 13 Ekim 2023) <https://chatgptiseating theworld.com/2023/10/13/judge-bibas-issues-1st-ruling-on-how-fair-use- applies-in-ai-training-after-andy-warhol-foundation-decision/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 106- Exclusive Rights in Copyrighted Works” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/106> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 106A- Rights of Certain Authors to Attribution and Integrity” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/106A> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 107- Limitations on Exclusive Rights: Fair Use” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/107> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • LII / Legal Information Institute. “17 U.S. Code § 1202- Integrity of Copyright Management Information” <https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/1202> s.e.t. 12 Nisan 2025
  • Madigan K, ‘Top Takeaways from Order in the Andersen v. Stability AI Copyright Case’ (Copyright Alliance, 29 Ağustos 2024) <https://copyrightalliance.org/andersen-v-stability-ai-copyright-case/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Master List of Lawsuits v. AI, ChatGPT, OpenAI, Microsoft, Meta, Midjourney & Other AI Cos.’ (Chat GPT Is Eating the World, 27 Ağustos 2024) <https://chatgptiseatingtheworld.com/2024/08/27/master-list-of-lawsuits- v-ai-chatgpt-openai-microsoft-meta-midjourney-other-ai-cos/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • Meta Platforms, Inc, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-10332> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • Motion Picture Association, Inc, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-8970> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • ‘OpenAI and Journalism’ (OpenAI) <https://openai.com/index/openai-and- journalism/> s.e.t. 9 Ocak 2025
  • ‘Overview of Congress’s Power Over Intellectual Property’ (Congress.gov) <https://constitution.congress.gov/browse/essay/artI-S8-C8-1/ ALDE_00013060/> s.e.t. 2 Ocak 2025
  • Penny, Brian, ‘Comments’ (U.S. Copyright Office, 1 Kasım 2023) <https://www.regulations.gov/comment/COLC-2023-0006-10058> s.e.t. 15 Şubat 2025
  • Pope A, ‘NYT v. OpenAI: The Times’s About-Face’ (Harvard Law Review,10 Nisan 2024) <https://harvardlawreview.org/blog/2024/04/nyt-v-openai-the-timess- about-face/> s.e.t. 30 Aralık 2024
  • Rajan MTS, ‘Is Generative AI Fair Use of Copyright Works? NYT v. OpenAI’ (Kluwer Copyright Blog, 29 Şubat 2024) <https://copyrightblog.kluwer iplaw.com/2024/02/29/is-generative-ai-fair-use-of-copyright-works-nyt- v-openai/> s.e.t. 10 Ocak 2025
  • ‘What Are Large Language Models (LLMs)?’ (IBM, 2 Kasım 2023) <https://www.ibm.com/think/topics/large-language-models> s.e.t. 15 Aralık 2024
  • ‘Yapay Zekâ Kanun Teklifi’ (TBMM) <https://www.tbmm.gov.tr/Yasama/ KanunTeklifi/e21539a0-888a-4500-81be-01904a918c53> s.e.t. 7 Ocak 2025
Toplam 56 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Bilişim ve Teknoloji Hukuku, Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Esma Muheyne Doğan 0009-0008-0612-8036

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 9 Temmuz 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Haziran 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 11 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 20 Mayıs 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 11 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Doğan, E. M. (2025). ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME. Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi, 11(1), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.55027/tfm.1637308
AMA Doğan EM. ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME. TFM. Haziran 2025;11(1):91-110. doi:10.55027/tfm.1637308
Chicago Doğan, Esma Muheyne. “ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME”. Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi 11, sy. 1 (Haziran 2025): 91-110. https://doi.org/10.55027/tfm.1637308.
EndNote Doğan EM (01 Haziran 2025) ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME. Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi 11 1 91–110.
IEEE E. M. Doğan, “ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME”, TFM, c. 11, sy. 1, ss. 91–110, 2025, doi: 10.55027/tfm.1637308.
ISNAD Doğan, Esma Muheyne. “ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME”. Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi 11/1 (Haziran2025), 91-110. https://doi.org/10.55027/tfm.1637308.
JAMA Doğan EM. ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME. TFM. 2025;11:91–110.
MLA Doğan, Esma Muheyne. “ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME”. Ticaret ve Fikri Mülkiyet Hukuku Dergisi, c. 11, sy. 1, 2025, ss. 91-110, doi:10.55027/tfm.1637308.
Vancouver Doğan EM. ÜRETKEN YAPAY ZEKÂ MODELLERİNİN EĞİTİMİNDE KULLANILAN İÇERİKLERİN TELİF HAKKI İHLALİ: ABD’DEKİ GÜNCEL DAVALAR IŞIĞINDA KARŞILAŞTIRMALI BİR İNCELEME. TFM. 2025;11(1):91-110.
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