KAOTİK HARİTA TABANLI ÇOK KATMANLI GÖRÜNTÜ STEGANOGRAFİSİ İLE HASSAS VERİLERİN GİZLENMESİ VE KORUNMASI

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 48, 477 - 508, 18.12.2025

Sevgül Tokatlıoğlu Erdal Güvenoğlu

https://doi.org/10.55071/ticaretfbd.1705157

Öz

Son yıllarda internet ve mobil cihazlar üzerinden veri paylaşımının artmasıyla birlikte bilgi güvenliği sorunları da önemli ölçüde artmıştır. Bu bağlamda, verilerin yetkisiz erişimden korunması amacıyla steganografi ve kriptografi gibi yöntemler üzerine yoğun araştırmalar yapılmaktadır. Bu çalışma, geleneksel En Düşük Bite Ekleme (LSB) steganografi yönteminin güvenlik açıklarını gidermek amacıyla Kaotik Çadır Haritası (CTM) ve SHA-256 hash algoritmasını kullanan yeni bir veri gizleme tekniği sunmaktadır. Önerilen yöntemde, gizli anahtar SHA-256 ile işlenmekte, mesaj uzunluğu bu hash değeri içerisine gizlenmektedir. CTM kullanılarak hem verinin gömüleceği piksel konumları rastgele bir şekilde belirlenmekte hem de gizlenecek veri kaotik dizi ile XOR işlemine tabi tutularak şifrelenmektedir. Yöntemin performansı, standart test görüntüleri üzerinde histogram analizi, entropi, korelasyon, SSIM, PSNR, MSE, NPCR, UACI ve NIST gibi çeşitli güvenlik ve kalite metrikleri kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Deneysel sonuçlar, yöntemin veri gizlenmiş görüntünün görsel kalitesini ve algılanamazlığını üst düzeyde koruduğunu göstermektedir. Ortalama 70.6318 dB PSNR, 0.99997 SSIM ve 0.075 MSE değerleri, görsel bozulmanın minimum seviyede olduğunu kanıtlamaktadır. Benzer şekilde, orijinal ve veri gizlenmiş görüntüler arasındaki düşük diferansiyel değişim oranları olan NPCR değerinin ortalama 0.0054 ve UACI değerinin ortalama 2,2348x10⁻⁵ olmasıda bu durumu desteklemektedir. Yöntemin güvenliği ise, orijinal ve veri gizlenmiş görüntülerin birbirine çok yakın entropi ve korelasyon değerleri sergilemesi ve tüm NIST istatistiksel testlerinden başarıyla geçmesiyle teyit edilmiştir. Bu bulgular, yöntemin steganaliz saldırılarına karşı dirençli olduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaotik haritalar , Veri gizleme , Steganografi , Veri güvenliği

HIDING AND PROTECTING SENSITIVE DATA WITH CHAOTIC MAP-BASED MULTILAYER IMAGE STEGANOGRAPHY

Öz

In recent years, with the increase in data sharing over the internet and mobile devices, information security problems have also increased significantly. In this context, intensive research is being conducted on methods such as steganography and cryptography to protect data from unauthorized access. This study proposes a new data hiding technique using the Chaotic Tent Map (CTM) and the SHA-256 hash algorithm to address the security vulnerabilities of the traditional Least Bit Addition (LSB) steganography method. In the proposed method, the secret key is processed with SHA-256, and the message length is hidden within this hash value. Using CTM, the pixel locations where the data will be embedded are randomly determined, and the hidden data is encrypted by subjecting it to the XOR operation with a chaotic array. The performance of the method is evaluated using various security and quality metrics, such as histogram analysis, entropy, correlation, SSIM, PSNR, MSE, NPCR, UACI, and NIST, on standard test images. Experimental results demonstrate that the method maintains a high level of visual quality and imperceptibility of the hidden image. Average PSNR of 70.6318 dB, SSIM of 0.99997, and MSE of 0.075 demonstrate minimal visual degradation. Similarly, the low differential change rates between the original and data-hidden images, with an average NPCR value of 0.0054 and an average UACI value of 2,2348x10⁻⁵, support this finding. The security of the method is confirmed by the very similar entropy and correlation values of the original and data-hidden images, and by successfully passing all NIST statistical tests. These findings demonstrate the method's resistance to steganalysis attacks.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chaotic maps , Data hiding , Steganography , Data security.

Kaynakça

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