Trakeostomi hastalarında konuşma valfi uygulamasının hastaların yaşam kalitesi ve bakım veren yükü üzerindeki etkisi

Öz

Amaç: Trakeostomi işlemi hastaların duygu durumunu, iletişim becerilerini ve yaşam kalitesini ciddi derecede bozmaktadır. Bu çalışma trakeostomili yetişkin hastalarda konuşma valfi sonrası yaşam kalitesi skorlarındaki farklılıkları ve bakım verenlerin yaşadığı stres düzeylerindeki değişimi Zarit Bakıcı Yükü Ölçeği (ZBYÖ) ile değerlendirmeyi amaçladı. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu retrospektif çalışmaya konuşma valfi takılmış 36 hasta dahil edildi. Konuşma valfi takılmadan önce ve takıldıktan 2 hafta sonra yaşam kalitelerini değerlendirmeye yönelik hastanın kendi yaşam kalitesini değerlendirdiği Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği-Kısa Formu Türkçe Versiyonu (WHOQOL-BREF-TR) ve hastaların bakım verenlerine ZBYÖ skorları retrospektif olarak toplandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen katılımcıların ortalama yaşı 56,3 ± 17,0 yıl (aralık: 21-82 yıl) olup, %55,6’sı (n = 20) erkekti. Konuşma valfi sonrası Easy Breath durumuna kıyasla ortalama WHOQOL-BREF-TR puanı artış gösterirken (Easy Breath: 46,4 ± 7,8 vs. Konuşma valfi sonrası: 72,2 ± 14,8; p < 0,001), ortalama ZBYÖ puanı ise azalma gösterdi (Easy Breath: 52,8 ± 12,8 vs. Konuşma valfi sonrası: 33,2 ± 5,4; p < 0,001). Bu bağlamda konuşma valfi sonrası trakeostomi hastalarının ve bakım verenlerinin yaşam kalitesi ölçeği puanı Easy Breath durumuna kıyasla daha yüksekti. Sonuç: Trakeostomili hastalarda konuşma valfi kullanımı, artan yaşam kalitesinin yanısıra azalan bakım verenlerin stres düzeyleri ile ilişkilidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• konuşma
• konuşma valfi
• trakeostomi
• yaşam kalitesi

The effect of speaking valve application on patients' quality of life and caregiver burden in tracheostomized patients

Öz

Aim: The tracheostomy procedure significantly impairs patients' emotional state, communication skills, and quality of life. This study aimed to evaluate the differences in quality of life scores after the application of a speaking valve in adult tracheostomy patients and the changes in caregiver stress levels using the Zarit Caregiver Burden Scale (ZCBS). Material and Methods: This retrospective study included 36 patients who had a speaking valve applied. The World Health Organization Quality of Life Scale-Short Form Turkish Version (WHOQOL-BREF-TR), which evaluates the patients' self-reported quality of life, and the ZCBS scores of their caregivers were retrospectively collected before and two weeks after the application of the speaking valve. Results: The mean age of the participants was 56.3 ± 17.0 years (range: 21-82 years), and 55.6% (n = 20) were male. Compared to the Easy Breath condition, the mean WHOQOL-BREF-TR score increased after the application of the speaking valve (Easy Breath: 46.4 ± 7.8 vs. Post-speaking valve: 72.2 ± 14.8; p < 0.001), while the mean ZCBS score decreased (Easy Breath: 52.8 ± 12.8 vs. Post-speaking valve: 33.2 ± 5.4; p < 0.001). In this context, both tracheostomy patients and their caregivers had higher quality of life scores after the application of the speaking valve compared to the Easy Breath condition. Conclusion: The use of a speaking valve in tracheostomy patients is associated with improved quality of life and reduced caregiver stress levels.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• speech
• speaking valve
• tracheostomy
• quality of life

Kaynakça

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