Laparoskopik Kolesistektomi Uygulanan Hastaların Postoperatif Öğrenim Gereksinimleri: Tanımlayıcı ve Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan hastaların postoperatif öğrenim gereksinimlerini değerlendirmektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel çalışma, Kasım 2024 - Temmuz 2025 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesinin genel cerrahi kliniğinde yürütülmüştür. Basit rastgele örnekleme yöntemi ile seçilen 100 hasta çalışmaya dahil edilmiştir. Veriler, sosyo-demografik form ve Bubela ve ark. (1990) tarafından geliştirilen, Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirliği Çatal ve Dicle (2008) tarafından yapılan Hasta Öğrenim Gereksinimleri Ölçeği (HÖGÖ) ile toplanmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach Alfa katsayısı 0.924 bulunmuştur. Veriler, postoperatif 1. günde yüz yüze görüşme yöntemi ile toplanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 46,07 ± 9,27 yıl olup, %41’i kadın, %39’u lisans ve üzeri eğitim düzeyine sahiptir. Hastaların %91’i ameliyat öncesi bilgi alırken, sadece %28’i taburculuk eğitimi almıştır. HÖGÖ toplam puan ortalaması 191,77 ± 21,62’dir. En yüksek öğrenim gereksinimi alt boyutları ilaçlar (4,22) ile tedavi ve komplikasyonlar (4,07) iken, en düşük alt boyut duruma ilişkin duygular (3,15) olmuştur. Eğitim düzeyi ve yaş ile HÖGÖ puanları arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık saptanmıştır (p < 0,05). Sonuç: Laparoskopik kolesistektomi uygulanan hastaların postoperatif öğrenim gereksinimleri orta düzeyde olup özellikle ilaç kullanımı ve komplikasyonlara odaklanmaktadır. Düşük eğitim düzeyine sahip ve yaşlı hastalar için taburculuk eğitiminin bireyselleştirilmesi ve görsel/uygulamalı eğitim materyallerinin geliştirilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kolesistektomi
• laparoskopik
• Perioperatif
• hemşirelik
• Sağlık bilgisi
• tutum
• uygulama

Postoperative Learning Needs of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Cholecystectomy: A Descriptive, Cross-Sectional Study

Öz

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the postoperative learning needs of patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted in the general surgery clinic of a university hospital between November 2024 and July 2025. One hundred patients selected by simple random sampling were included in the study. Data were collected using a socio-demographic form and the Patient Learning Needs Scale (PLNS), which was developed by Bubela et al. (1990) and Turkish validation and reliability was performed by Catal and Dicle (2008). The Cronbach Alpha coefficient of the scale was 0.924. Data were collected by face-to-face interview on the 1st postoperative day. Results: The mean age of the participants was 46.07 ± 9.27 years; 41% were female, and 39% had a bachelor’s degree or higher. While 91% of the patients received preoperative information, only 28% received discharge education. The mean total score of the PLNS was 191.77 ± 21.62. The sub-dimensions with the highest learning needs were medications (4.22) and treatment and complications (4.07), whereas the lowest was feelings about the situation (3.15). A statistically significant difference was found between educational level and age and PLNS scores (p < 0.05). Conclusion: The postoperative learning needs of laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients are average and focus particularly on medication use and complications. It is recommended that discharge education be personalized for patients with low educational levels and elderly patients, and that visual/practical educational materials be developed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Cholecystectomy
• Laparoscopic
• Health Knowledge
• Attitudes
• Practice
• Perioperative Nursing

Kaynakça

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