Comparing Diaspora Policies of Turkey and Azerbaijan: “Are Common Diaspora Policies Possible?”

Öz

The term diaspora is used to describe social groups that have migrated from their homeland, and preserved and maintained their home country’s culture. In the 1990s, with the acceleration of communication, transportation, and the ease of displacement, migration movements in the world increased and modern diasporas developed transnational relations in their country of residence. Modern diasporas have attracted sending states’ attention over time and have led states to develop various policies for institution building, political participation, lobbying, and civil and social rights. This article reveals the similarities and differences in Turkey and Azerbaijan’s diaspora policies from a historical perspective and examines the kinds of activities and policies these two states currently have in the context of the Turkish world. The possibility of the Presidency for Turks Abroad and Related Communities (Turkey) and the State Committee on Work with Diaspora (Azerbaijan) developing common diaspora policies is also discussed. The study’s data is collected using the document analysis method, which includes a literature review and an examination of reports from the public institutions mentioned, in order to discuss the possibility of the two countries to producing a common diaspora policy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Diaspora Policies
• Turkey
• Azerbaijan
• Turkish Diaspora

Kaynakça

1. Abadan, N. (1964). Batı Almanya’daki Türk İşçileri ve Sorunları. Ankara: DPT.
2. Abadan-Unat, N. (2017). Bitmeyen Göç Konuk İşçilikten Ulus-Ötesi Yurttaşlığa. (3. Baskı). İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
3. Abadan-Unat, N., Keleş, R., Pennix, R., Renselaar, H.V., Velzen, L.V. ve Yenisey, L. (1976). Göç ve Gelişme. Ajans-Türk Matbaacılık Sanayi.
4. Adamson, F. B. (2016, Kasım). The Growing Importance of Diaspora Politics. CURRENT HISTORY, 291-297.
5. Adamson, F. B. (2019). Sending States and the Making of Intra-Diasporic Politics: Turkey and Its Diaspora(s). Turkish Journal of Diaspora Studies 237 International Migration Review, 53 (1), 210-236. doi.org/10.1177/0197918318767665
6. Adıgüzel, Y. (2011). Almanya’daki Türk Kuruluşlar. Şehir Yayınları.
7. Akgün, B., & Çelik, M. (2015). Türk Diasporası. M. BIYIKLI (Ed..) içinde, TÜRK DIŞ POLİTİKASI (2 b., Cilt I, s. 285-325). Bilimevi Basın Yayın Ltd. Şti.
8. Aksel, D.B. (2014). Kins, Distant Workers, Diasporas: ConstructingTurkey’s Transnational Members Abroad, Turkish Studies, 15 (2), 195-219, DOI:10.1080/14683849.2014.926233

9. Anaz, N. ve Köse, M. (2020). Diaspora Seçim Coğrafyası Anavatan’da Türk Diasporasının Siyasal Katılım Serencamı. Gav Perspektif Yayınları.
10. Arkilic, Z. A. (2016). Between the Homeland and Host States: Turkey’s Diaspora Policies and Immigrant Political Participation in France and Germany . The University of Texas at Austin, The Faculty of the Graduate School. Austin: Texas ScholarWorks.
11. Arkilic, A. (2020). Empowering a fragmented diaspora: Turkish immigrant organizations’ perceptions of and responses to Turkey’s diaspora engagement policy, Mediterranean Politics, DOI: 10.1080/13629395.2020.1822058
12. Aydın, S. ve Østergaard-Nielsen, E. (2020). Diaspora Policies, Consular Servicesand Social Protection for Turkish CitizensAbroad. Migration and Social Protection in Europe andBeyond (Volume 3) içinde (401-418). IMISCOE Research Series. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51237-8_25
13. Aydın, Y. (2014). The New Turkish Diaspora Policy Its Aims, Their Limits and the Challenges for Associations of People of Turkish Origin and Decision-makers in Germany. SWP Research Paper, 10/2014. Stfitung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. Erişim Adresi: https://www.swp-berlin.org/publications/products/ research_papers/2014_RP10_adn.pdf
14. AZƏRBAYCAN RESPUBLİKASININ DİASPORLA İŞ ÜZRƏ DÖVLƏT KOMİTƏSİ. (tarih yok). Haziran 2, 2022 tarihinde www.diaspor.gov.az: http://diaspor.gov.az/ adresinden alındı
15. Babanlı, Y. (2016). AZƏRBAYCAN RESPUBLİKASININ XARİCİ SİYASƏTİ VƏ DİASPOR FƏALİYYƏTİ (1991-2011). Bakü, Azerbaycan: “Elm və təhsil” nəşriyyatı.
16. Berns-McGown, R. (2008). Redefining “Diaspora”: The Challengeof Connection and Inclusion. International Journal, 63, (1). 3-20.
17. Brah, A. (1996).Cartographies of Diaspora: Contesting Identities. Routledge.
18. Brubaker, R. ve Kim, J. (2011). Transborder membership politics in Germany and Korea. European Journal of Sociology, 52 (1), 21–75
19. Caldarini, C. (2020). Diaspora Policies, Consular Services and Social Protection for Italian Citizens Abroad. J.-M. Lafleur, & D. Vintila (Dü) içinde, Migration and Social Protection in Europe and Beyond (Volume 2) (1 b., s. 273-288). Springer, Cham.
20. Clifford, J. (1994).“Diasporas.”Cultural Anthropology, 9 (3): 302–338.
21. Cohen, R. (2019). Küresel Diasporalar. Koyu Siyah Yayıncılık.
22. Constant, A. F., & Zimmermann, K. F. (2016). Diaspora economics: new perspectives. International Journal of Manpower, 37(7), 1110-1135.
23. Dufoix, S. (2011). Diasporalar. İstanbul: Hrant Dink Vakfı Yay
24. Əliyev, Z. (2005). Dünya Diasporları. Bakü, Azerbaycan: “Qismət” mətbəəsi.
25. Fransen, S., & Siegel, M. (2011). The Development of Diaspora Engagement Policies in Burundi and Rwanda. Maastricht Economic and social Research institute on Innovation and Technology (UNU‐MERIT) ; Maastricht Graduate School of Governance (MGSoG).
26. Gamlen, A. (2008). Why Engage Diasporas?. University of Oxford. ESRC Centre on Migration, Policy and Society .