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The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health

Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3 20 Eylül 2019
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The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health

Öz

Lead, which is widely found in the environment and used in many industrial areas, poses a risk to human health. In the evaluation of fetal lead effects, maternal blood lead level and cord blood lead levels are widely used. It may cause negative health consequences on fetus as a result of various ways of getting, storing and reaching the fetus through the placenta in pregnancy. In order to reduce lead levels in the blood, nutrition is primarily important during pregnancy. Health workers, especially public health professionals, have an important role in reducing the negative effects of blood lead levels during pregnancy.


Çevrede yaygın bir şekilde bulunan ve birçok endüstriyel alanda kullanılan kurşun, insan sağlığı için risk teşkil etmektedir. Fetal kurşun etkileniminin değerlendirilmesinde, anne kan kurşun düzeyi ve kord kanı kurşun düzeyleri yaygın bir şekilde kullanılmaktadır. Vücuda değişik yollarla alınması, depolanması ve gebelikte plasenta aracılığıyla fetüse ulaşması sonucu, fetüs üzerinde olumsuz sağlık sonuçlarına neden olabilmektedir. Kanda kurşun seviyelerinin azaltılması için gebelik döneminde öncelikli olarak beslenme önem arz etmektedir. Gebelikte, kan kurşun düzeylerinin olumsuz etkilerinin azaltılması konusunda, sağlık çalışanlarına, özellikle halk sağlıkçılara önemli görevler düşmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

  1. 1. World Health Organization, WHO Childhood Lead Poisoning. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. ISBN 978 92 4 150033 3(NLM classification: QV 292) Erişim, 19 Ekim 2018. http://www.who.int/ceh/publications/childhoodpoisoning/en/
  2. 2. Ettinger AS, Wengrovitz AG. Guidelines for the Identification and Management of Lead Exposure in Pregnant and Lactating Women. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 2010. Atlanta, GA. Erişim, 19 Ekim 2018. http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/publications/LeadandPregnancy2010.pdf
  3. 3. Kahvecioğlu Ö, Kartal G, Güven A, Timur S. Metallerin çevresel etkileri-I. Metalurji 2009; 136. Erişim,18 Ekim 2018. http://www.metalurji.org.tr/dergi/dergi136/d136_4753.pdf.
  4. 4. World Health Organization International Agency For Research on Cancer. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans: Inorganic and Organic Lead Compounds. International Agency for Research on Cancer; 2006. France. Erişim, 18 Ekim 2018. https://monographs.iarc.fr/wp-content/uploads/2018/06/mono87.pdf
  5. 5. World Health Organization. Air Quality Guidelines-Second Edition. WHO Regional Office for Europe, Denmark; 2001. Erişim, 18 Ekim 2018. http://www.euro.who.int/__data/assets/pdf_file/0020/123077/AQG2ndEd_6_7Lead.pdf
  6. 6. Dursun A, Yurdakok K, Yalcin SS, Tekinalp G, Aykut O, Orhan G, et al. Maternal risk factors associated with lead, mercury and cadmium levels in umbilical cord blood, breast milk and newborn hair. The Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine 2016;29(6):954-961.
  7. 7. Téllez-Rojo MM, Bautista-Arredondo LF, Richardson V, Estrada-Sánchez D, Ávila-Jiménez L, Ríos C, et al. Lead poisoning and marginalization in newborns of Morelos, Mexico. Salud Publica Mex 2017;59(3):218-226.
  8. 8. Pantic I, Tamayo-Ortiz M, Rosa-Parra A, Bautista-Arredondo L, Wright R, Peterson K, et al. Children’s blood lead concentrations from 1988 to 2015 in Mexico City: The contribution of lead in air and traditional lead-glazed ceramics. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2018;15(10):2153.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

İngilizce

Konular

Halk Sağlığı, Çevre Sağlığı

Bölüm

Derleme

Yayımlanma Tarihi

20 Eylül 2019

Gönderilme Tarihi

5 Kasım 2018

Kabul Tarihi

13 Haziran 2019

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2019 Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3

Kaynak Göster

APA
Gürgen Şimşek, H., & Önal, A. E. (2019). The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 13(3), 363-370. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.478783
AMA
1.Gürgen Şimşek H, Önal AE. The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health. TJFMPC. 2019;13(3):363-370. doi:10.21763/tjfmpc.478783
Chicago
Gürgen Şimşek, Hatice, ve Ayşe Emel Önal. 2019. “The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health”. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 13 (3): 363-70. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.478783.
EndNote
Gürgen Şimşek H, Önal AE (01 Eylül 2019) The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 13 3 363–370.
IEEE
[1]H. Gürgen Şimşek ve A. E. Önal, “The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health”, TJFMPC, c. 13, sy 3, ss. 363–370, Eyl. 2019, doi: 10.21763/tjfmpc.478783.
ISNAD
Gürgen Şimşek, Hatice - Önal, Ayşe Emel. “The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health”. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care 13/3 (01 Eylül 2019): 363-370. https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.478783.
JAMA
1.Gürgen Şimşek H, Önal AE. The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health. TJFMPC. 2019;13:363–370.
MLA
Gürgen Şimşek, Hatice, ve Ayşe Emel Önal. “The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health”. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, c. 13, sy 3, Eylül 2019, ss. 363-70, doi:10.21763/tjfmpc.478783.
Vancouver
1.Hatice Gürgen Şimşek, Ayşe Emel Önal. The Effects of Lead of an Environmental Toxic Heavy Metal on Fetus Health. TJFMPC. 01 Eylül 2019;13(3):363-70. doi:10.21763/tjfmpc.478783

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