Araştırma Makalesi
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COVID-19’un Gebelik, Doğum Öncesi Bakım ve Doğum Üzerindeki Etkileri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 57 - 65, 20.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.992209

Öz

Giriş: Araştırma, COVID-19 pandemisinin gebelik, doğum öncesi bakım, doğum planlaması ve doğum sonrası sürece etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla gerçekleştirildi. Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı kesitsel özellikteki çalışma, Kasım-Aralık 2020'de web tabanlı çevrimiçi anket kullanılarak gerçekleştirildi. Araştırmanın evrenini Türkiye'nin güneyinde bir ilde devlet hastanesinden doğum öncesi bakım hizmeti alan ve doğuma hazırlık sınıflarına katılan ve gebeliğini ve doğum sürecini pandemi döneminde geçiren kadınlar oluşturmaktadır. Örnekleme ise araştırma kriterlerine uyan toplam 240 gebe dahil edildi. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından geliştirilen ilk bölümünde gebelerin sosyo-demografik ve obstetrik özellikleri, ikinci bölümde COVID-19 pandemisi sürecinde değişen sağlık alışkanlıkları, bilgi düzeyleri, temas durumları ve pandeminin doğum tercihleri ve postpartum sürece etkisine belirlemeye yönelik sorulardan oluşan anket formu kullanıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmada lohusaların %55,0’inin gebelikte bulaşma korkusu yaşadığı, %13,3’ünün COVID-19 tanısı aldığı, salgında kendini korunmak için en fazla maske kullanıldığı (%95,0) saptandı. Araştırmada kadınların %35,0’inin gebelik döneminde doğum öncesi bakımını ertelediği, %83,7’sinin normal doğum planlarken, sadece %45,0’inin normal doğum yaptığı, %90’0ı bebeği emziririken, %87,5’inin de doğum sonu bebeğe yapılan testleri için sağlık kuruluşuna başvurma konusunda bulaş riski açısından endişe yaşadıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisi gebelik ve doğum sonu dönemde sağlık bakım hizmet alma sürecini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Gebe ve lohusaların pandemi sürecinde COVID-19 enfeksiyonu bulaşı korkusu konusunda bilgilendirilmesi yararlı olabilir.

Destekleyen Kurum

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Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

  • 1. Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1199–1207. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001316.
  • 2. WHO WHO/Europe. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak - WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic (Online). https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/news/news/2020/3/who-announces-covid-19-outbreak-a-pandemic. Date: 19.07.2021
  • 3. Madjunkov M, Dviri M, and Librac C. A comprehensive review of the impact of COVID-19 on human reproductive biology, assisted reproduction care and pregnancy: a Canadian perspective. J Ovarian Res. 2020;13:140.doi: 10.1186/s13048-020-00737-1
  • 4. 4. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020;323(13):1239-42. 10.1001/jama.2020.2648.
  • 5. Hu Y, Sun J, Dai Z, Deng H, Li X, Huang Q, et al. Prevalence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Virol 2020;127:104371. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104371.
  • 6. Hui DS, Azhar EI, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, et al. The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. Int J Infect Dis 2020;91:264–266. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009.
  • 7. Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clin Immunol. 2020;215:108427. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427.
  • 8. Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19) (Online). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32150360
  • 9. John E, Jorge M, Jonathan W, Vicki L, Smith R. Mechanisms of maternal immune tolerance during pregnancy In: Recent Advances in Research on the Human Placenta, edited by Zhang J. London: InTech, 2012. Page:211-242.
  • 10. Silasi M, Cardenas I, Kwon JY, Racicot K, Aldo P, Mor G. Viral infections during pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015;73: 199–213, doi:10.1111/aji.12355.
  • 11. Qiao J. What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? Lancet 2020;395(10226):760–762.
  • 12. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395(10226):809–815.
  • 13. Kuma Diriba, Ephrem Awulachew, Eyob Getu. The effect of coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV) during pregnancy and the possibility of vertical maternal–fetal transmission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res 2020; 25: 39. doi: 10.1186/s40001-020-00439-w
  • 14. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395:809–815.
  • 15. Mirbeyk M, Saghazadeh A, Rezaei N. A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2021;2 :1–34. doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-06049-z
  • 16. Dubey P, Reddy SY, Manuel S, Dwivedi AK. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes among COVID-19 infected women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 252:490-501.
  • 17. Knight M, Bunch K, Vousden N, Morris E, Simpson N, Gale C, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women admitted to hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK: national population based cohort study. BMJ 2020; 369:m2107.
  • 18. Armitage R, Nellums LB. COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly. Lancet Public Health 2020;5(5):e256. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)3006
  • 19. Fakari FR, Simbar M. Coronavirus pandemic and worries during pregnancy; a letter to editor. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2020;8:e21.
  • 20. Ren S-Y, Gao R-D, Chen Y-L. Fear can be more harmful than the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in controlling the corona virus disease 2019 epidemic. World J Clin Cases 2020;8:652. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i4.652.
  • 21. Jiang H, Jin L, Qian X, Xiong X, La X, Chen W, et al. Maternal Mental Health Status and Approaches for Accessing Antenatal Care Information During the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23(1): e18722. doi: 10.2196/18722
  • 22. Lebel C, MacKinnon A, Bagshawe M, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Giesbrecht G. Elevated depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2020;277:5–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.126.
  • 23. Saccone G, Florio A, Aiello F, Venturella R, De Angelis MC, Locci M, et al. Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnant women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(2):293–295. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.003.
  • 24. Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, Fan J, et al. Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(2):240.e1–240.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.009
  • 25. Chen Y, Li Z, Zhang YY, Zhao WH, Yu ZY. Maternal health care management during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019. J Med Virol. 2020;92(7):731-739. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25787.
  • 26. Du L, Gu Y, Cui M, Li W, Wang J, Zhu L, et al. Investigation on demands for antenatal care services among 2 002 pregnant women during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Shanghai. Zhonghua fu Chan ke za zhi. 2020;55:160–165.
  • 27. Riley T, Sully E, Ahmed Z, Biddlecom A. Estimates of the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2020;46: 73–76. doi:10.1363/46e9020.
  • 28. Roberton T, Carter E D, Chou V B, Stegmuller AR, Jackson B D, Tam Y, et al. Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study. The Lancet 2020;8(7):e901-e908.
  • 29. Aryal S, Shrestha D. Motherhood in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic: are we heading from safe to unsafe?. J Lumbini Med College. 2020. 10.22502/jlmc.v8i1.351.
  • 30. Pallangyo E, Nakate MG, Maina R, Fleming V. The impact of Covid-19 on midwives’ practice in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania: a reflective account. Midwifery 2020;89:102775. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102775.
  • 31. Kotlar B, Gerson E, Petrillo S, Langer A, Tiemeier H. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health: a scoping review. Reprod Health 2021;18:10. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01070-6
  • 32. Fakari FR, Simbar M. Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to EditorArchives of Academic EmergencyMedicine. 2020; 8(1): e21
  • 33. Sade G, Özkan H. Effects Of Some Chemicals in Cosmetic Products on Pregnant, Fetus and Newborn Health Jinekoloji - Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 2020; 17(3): 473-477. DOI: 10.38136/jgon.639944
  • 34. Ashokka B, Loh MH, Tan CH, Su LL, Young BE, Biswas A. Care of the pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 in labor and delivery: anaesthesia, emergency cesarean delivery, differential diagnosis in the acutely ill parturient, care of the newborn and protection of the healthcare personnel. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(1):66–74. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.04.005. e3.
  • 35. Royal College for Obstetrics and Gynaecology Guidance for antenatal and postnatal services in the evolving coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (Online). https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-07-10-guidance-for-antenatal-and-postnatal.pdf. Date:02.08.2021

Effects of COVID-19 on Pregnancy, Antenatal Care and Birth

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1, 57 - 65, 20.03.2022
https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.992209

Öz

Introduction: The research was carried out to determine the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on pregnancy, antenatal care, birth planning and postpartum period. Methods: The descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in November-December 2020 using a web-based online questionnaire. The population of the study consists of women received prenatal care from a state hospital in a province in the south of Turkey, attended childbirth preparation classes, and spent their pregnancy and delivery process during the pandemic period. A total of 240 pregnant women meeting the research criteria were included in the sampling. The data, developed by the researchers, were used in the first part of the questionnaire consisting of socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics of pregnant women, and in the second part, a questionnaire consisting of questions to determine the changing health habits, knowledge levels, contact statuses and the effect of the pandemic on the birth preferences and postpartum process during the COVID-19 pandemic process. Results: In the study, it was determined that 55.0% of the puerperant women had fear of contagion during pregnancy, 13.3% were diagnosed with COVID-19, and masks were used the most (95.0%) to protect themselves from the epidemic. In the study, 35.0% of the women postponed their prenatal care during pregnancy, 83.7% were planning a normal birth, only 45.0% had a normal delivery, 90% were breastfeeding the baby, 87.5% were sent to the health institution for the postnatal tests. They stated that they were concerned about the risk of contamination when applying. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic adversely affects the process of receiving health care services during pregnancy and postpartum period. It may be useful to inform pregnant and postpartum women about the transmission of COVID-19 infection during the pandemic process.

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

  • 1. Li Q, Guan X, Wu P, Wang X, Zhou L, Tong Y, et al. Early transmission dynamics in Wuhan, China, of novel coronavirus-infected pneumonia. N Engl J Med 2020;382:1199–1207. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa2001316.
  • 2. WHO WHO/Europe. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak - WHO announces COVID-19 outbreak a pandemic (Online). https://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/news/news/2020/3/who-announces-covid-19-outbreak-a-pandemic. Date: 19.07.2021
  • 3. Madjunkov M, Dviri M, and Librac C. A comprehensive review of the impact of COVID-19 on human reproductive biology, assisted reproduction care and pregnancy: a Canadian perspective. J Ovarian Res. 2020;13:140.doi: 10.1186/s13048-020-00737-1
  • 4. 4. Wu Z, McGoogan JM. Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72 314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. JAMA. 2020;323(13):1239-42. 10.1001/jama.2020.2648.
  • 5. Hu Y, Sun J, Dai Z, Deng H, Li X, Huang Q, et al. Prevalence and severity of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Clin Virol 2020;127:104371. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2020.104371.
  • 6. Hui DS, Azhar EI, Madani TA, Ntoumi F, Kock R, Dar O, et al. The continuing 2019-nCoV epidemic threat of novel coronaviruses to global health - The latest 2019 novel coronavirus outbreak in Wuhan, China. Int J Infect Dis 2020;91:264–266. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.009.
  • 7. Yuki K, Fujiogi M, Koutsogiannaki S. COVID-19 pathophysiology: A review. Clin Immunol. 2020;215:108427. doi: 10.1016/j.clim.2020.108427.
  • 8. Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19) (Online). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32150360
  • 9. John E, Jorge M, Jonathan W, Vicki L, Smith R. Mechanisms of maternal immune tolerance during pregnancy In: Recent Advances in Research on the Human Placenta, edited by Zhang J. London: InTech, 2012. Page:211-242.
  • 10. Silasi M, Cardenas I, Kwon JY, Racicot K, Aldo P, Mor G. Viral infections during pregnancy. Am J Reprod Immunol 2015;73: 199–213, doi:10.1111/aji.12355.
  • 11. Qiao J. What are the risks of COVID-19 infection in pregnant women? Lancet 2020;395(10226):760–762.
  • 12. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W, et al. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395(10226):809–815.
  • 13. Kuma Diriba, Ephrem Awulachew, Eyob Getu. The effect of coronavirus infection (SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, and SARS-CoV) during pregnancy and the possibility of vertical maternal–fetal transmission: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Med Res 2020; 25: 39. doi: 10.1186/s40001-020-00439-w
  • 14. Chen H, Guo J, Wang C, Luo F, Yu X, Zhang W. Clinical characteristics and intrauterine vertical transmission potential of COVID-19 infection in nine pregnant women: a retrospective review of medical records. Lancet 2020;395:809–815.
  • 15. Mirbeyk M, Saghazadeh A, Rezaei N. A systematic review of pregnant women with COVID-19 and their neonates. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2021;2 :1–34. doi: 10.1007/s00404-021-06049-z
  • 16. Dubey P, Reddy SY, Manuel S, Dwivedi AK. Maternal and neonatal characteristics and outcomes among COVID-19 infected women: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020; 252:490-501.
  • 17. Knight M, Bunch K, Vousden N, Morris E, Simpson N, Gale C, et al. Characteristics and outcomes of pregnant women admitted to hospital with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection in UK: national population based cohort study. BMJ 2020; 369:m2107.
  • 18. Armitage R, Nellums LB. COVID-19 and the consequences of isolating the elderly. Lancet Public Health 2020;5(5):e256. doi: 10.1016/S2468-2667(20)3006
  • 19. Fakari FR, Simbar M. Coronavirus pandemic and worries during pregnancy; a letter to editor. Arch Acad Emerg Med. 2020;8:e21.
  • 20. Ren S-Y, Gao R-D, Chen Y-L. Fear can be more harmful than the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 in controlling the corona virus disease 2019 epidemic. World J Clin Cases 2020;8:652. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i4.652.
  • 21. Jiang H, Jin L, Qian X, Xiong X, La X, Chen W, et al. Maternal Mental Health Status and Approaches for Accessing Antenatal Care Information During the COVID-19 Epidemic in China: Cross-Sectional Study. J Med Internet Res 2021; 23(1): e18722. doi: 10.2196/18722
  • 22. Lebel C, MacKinnon A, Bagshawe M, Tomfohr-Madsen L, Giesbrecht G. Elevated depression and anxiety symptoms among pregnant individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Affect Disord 2020;277:5–13. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.07.126.
  • 23. Saccone G, Florio A, Aiello F, Venturella R, De Angelis MC, Locci M, et al. Psychological impact of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnant women. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(2):293–295. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.003.
  • 24. Wu Y, Zhang C, Liu H, Duan C, Li C, Fan J, et al. Perinatal depressive and anxiety symptoms of pregnant women during the coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak in China. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(2):240.e1–240.e9. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.05.009
  • 25. Chen Y, Li Z, Zhang YY, Zhao WH, Yu ZY. Maternal health care management during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019. J Med Virol. 2020;92(7):731-739. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25787.
  • 26. Du L, Gu Y, Cui M, Li W, Wang J, Zhu L, et al. Investigation on demands for antenatal care services among 2 002 pregnant women during the epidemic of COVID-19 in Shanghai. Zhonghua fu Chan ke za zhi. 2020;55:160–165.
  • 27. Riley T, Sully E, Ahmed Z, Biddlecom A. Estimates of the potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sexual and reproductive health in low- and middle-income countries. Int Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2020;46: 73–76. doi:10.1363/46e9020.
  • 28. Roberton T, Carter E D, Chou V B, Stegmuller AR, Jackson B D, Tam Y, et al. Early estimates of the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and child mortality in low-income and middle-income countries: a modelling study. The Lancet 2020;8(7):e901-e908.
  • 29. Aryal S, Shrestha D. Motherhood in Nepal during COVID-19 pandemic: are we heading from safe to unsafe?. J Lumbini Med College. 2020. 10.22502/jlmc.v8i1.351.
  • 30. Pallangyo E, Nakate MG, Maina R, Fleming V. The impact of Covid-19 on midwives’ practice in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania: a reflective account. Midwifery 2020;89:102775. doi: 10.1016/j.midw.2020.102775.
  • 31. Kotlar B, Gerson E, Petrillo S, Langer A, Tiemeier H. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on maternal and perinatal health: a scoping review. Reprod Health 2021;18:10. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01070-6
  • 32. Fakari FR, Simbar M. Coronavirus Pandemic and Worries during Pregnancy; a Letter to EditorArchives of Academic EmergencyMedicine. 2020; 8(1): e21
  • 33. Sade G, Özkan H. Effects Of Some Chemicals in Cosmetic Products on Pregnant, Fetus and Newborn Health Jinekoloji - Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi 2020; 17(3): 473-477. DOI: 10.38136/jgon.639944
  • 34. Ashokka B, Loh MH, Tan CH, Su LL, Young BE, Biswas A. Care of the pregnant women with coronavirus disease 2019 in labor and delivery: anaesthesia, emergency cesarean delivery, differential diagnosis in the acutely ill parturient, care of the newborn and protection of the healthcare personnel. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2020;223(1):66–74. doi: 10.1016/j.ajog.2020.04.005. e3.
  • 35. Royal College for Obstetrics and Gynaecology Guidance for antenatal and postnatal services in the evolving coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic (Online). https://www.rcog.org.uk/globalassets/documents/guidelines/2020-07-10-guidance-for-antenatal-and-postnatal.pdf. Date:02.08.2021
Toplam 35 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Birinci Basamak Sağlık Hizmetleri
Bölüm Orijinal Makaleler
Yazarlar

Derya Kaya Şenol 0000-0002-9101-2909

Zübeyde Uçar Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-9762-5693

Proje Numarası -
Yayımlanma Tarihi 20 Mart 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 8 Eylül 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Kaya Şenol D, Uçar Z. COVID-19’un Gebelik, Doğum Öncesi Bakım ve Doğum Üzerindeki Etkileri. TJFMPC. 2022;16(1):57-65.

Sağlığın ve birinci basamak bakımın anlaşılmasına ve geliştirilmesine katkıda bulunacak yeni bilgilere sahip yazarların İngilizce veya Türkçe makaleleri memnuniyetle karşılanmaktadır.