Genç Yetişkinler ve Annelerinin Kişisel Özellikleri ile Tuvalet Eğitimi Deneyimi ve Tuvalet Alışkanlıklarının Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 574 - 585, 26.09.2022

Zeynep Ölçer , Ayse Cal

https://doi.org/10.21763/tjfmpc.1118572

Cited By: 1

Öz

Giriş-Amaç: Çocukluk döneminde verilen tuvalet eğitimi doğrultusunda bireylerin gelecek yaşamları olumlu ya da olumsuz olarak etkilenebilir. Bu araştırma, genç yetişkinlerin ve annelerinin kişilik özelliklerini, tuvalet eğitimi deneyimlerini ve tuvalet alışkanlıklarını karşılaştırmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Genç yetişkinler ve anneleri ile Şubat-Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilen araştırma, ilişki arayan tanımlayıcı, kesitsel bir desene sahiptir. Araştırmanın örneklemini dahil etme kriterlerine uyan 516 (263 genç yetişkin, 263 anne) katılımcı oluşturmaktadır. Veriler Bilgi Formu ve Cervantes Kişilik Ölçeği kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U ve Spearman korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Genç yetişkinlerin %86,7'sinin idrar yolu enfeksiyonu öyküsü olduğu, %50,9'unun ev dışında tuvalete gitmekte zorlandığı ve tuvalet tipinin (klozet/alaturka) bunda etkili olduğu görüldü. Üçte birinin tuvalete gitmeden önce ellerini yıkadığı ve %27.4'ünün önce vulvayı sonra anüsü yıkamasına dikkat ettiği belirlendi. Genç yetişkinlerin kişilik özellikleri ile kabızlık öyküsü ve tuvalet eğitiminde ceza/ödül yöntemlerinin kullanımı arasında bir ilişki olduğu saptandı. Sonuç: Tuvalet eğitimi sırasında yaşanan sorunların doğru yaklaşımla çözülmesi, bireylerin ileriki yaşamlarında daha tutarlı bir kişiliğe sahip olmalarını sağlayabilir. Annelerin tuvalet eğitimini daha çok sosyal destek ve akran deneyiminden yararlanarak gerçekleştirmesi bu alanda sağlık eğitiminin eksikliğini ortaya koymaktadır. Olumlu kişilik özellikleri, tuvalet alışkanlıklarına bağlı sağlık sorunlarının giderilmesinde rol oynayabilir. Annelerin kişilik özellikleri, tuvalet eğitimi deneyimlerinde ve çocuklarının kişilik özelliklerinde belirleyici olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Tuvalet eğitimi, kişilik özellikleri, çocukluk, genç yetişkinler, anne

Comparison of The Personal Characteristics of Young Adults and Their Mothers with Toilet Training Experience and Toilet Habits

Öz

Background-Purpose: Individuals' future lives can be influenced positively or negatively by the toilet training they receive as children. The purpose of this study was to compare the personality traits of young adults and their mothers, as well as their toilet training experience and toilet habits. Method: The study uses a descriptive, cross-sectional design to look for a relationship between young adults and their mothers between February and May 2020. The study's sample consists of 516 participants (263 young adults and 263 mothers) who meet the inclusion criteria. The Information Form and the Cervantes Personality Scale were used to collect data. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, Kruskal Wallis, Mann Whitney U, and Spearman correlation tests were used. Findings: It observed that 86.7% of the young adults had a history of urinary tract infection, 50.9% had trouble going to the toilet outside their usual place of residency (home), and the type of toilet (water closet/squat toilet) was also effective in this situation. It was determined that one-third of them always washed their hands before going to the toilet and 27.4% paid attention to attention to wash vulva first and then the anus. The study also revealed a relationship between the personality traits of the young adults and their constipation history and the use of punishment/reward methods in toilet training. Conclusions: The right approach to problem-solving during toilet training can help people develop more consistent personalities in their later lives. It is clear that there is a lack of health education in this area because mothers primarily perform toilet training by utilising social support and peer experience. The eradication of health issues caused by improper urination practises can be facilitated by positive personality traits. Mothers' personalities can affect how well their children learn to use the restroom, and data analysis was done using their children's personalities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Toilet training, personality traits, childhood, young adults, mother

Kaynakça

• Referans1. Kiddoo D, Klassen TP, Lang ME, Friesen C, Russell K, Spooner C, Vandermeer B. The Effectiveness of Different Methods of Toilet Training for Bowel and Bladder Control. Evidence Report/Technology Assessment No. 147. (Prepared by the University of Alberta Evidence-based Practice Center, under contract number 290-02-0023). AHRQ Publication No. 07-E003. Rockville, MD: Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 2006. p. 9-18.
• Referans2. Baird DC, Bybel M, Kowalski AW. Toilet training: Common questions and answers. Am Fam Physician. 2019; 100(8): 468-474.
• Referans3. Van Aggelpoel T, Vermandel A, Fraeyman J, Massart M, Van Hal G. Information as a crucial factor for toilet training by parents. Child: Care Health Dev. 2019; 45(3): 457-462. doi:10.1111/cch.12653
• Referans4. Wilson KDF. Family centered care of the toddler and preschooler. In Marilyn JH, Kristina DW, Cheryl CR, editor. Wong’s nursing care of infants and children. 11th ed., Elsevier İnc, 2018. p. 402-405.
• Referans5. Hill MG. PsychSmart (2nd Ed.). McGraw-Hill Publishing, 2013. p. 258, 259, 266-268.
• Referans6. Wald ER, Di Lorenzo C, Cipriani L, Colborn DK, Burgers R, Wald A. Bowel habits and toilet training in a diverse population of children. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 2009; 48(3): 294-298. doi:0.1097/mpg.0b013e31817efbf7
• Referans7. Australian Government Department of Health, Continence Foundation of Australia. Good bladder habits for everyone booklet, 2020. Accessed 4 April, 2021. continence.org.au
• Referans8. Giuliani A, Romano L, Lazzarin G, Maffione F, Valiyeva S, Schietroma M, et al. Relationship between haemorrhoidal grade and toilet habits. Annali Italiani di Chirurgia. 2020; 91, 192–195.
• Referans9. Lundblad B, Hellström AL. Perceptions of school toilets as a cause for irregular toilet habits among schoolchildren aged 6 to 16 years. J Sch Health. 2005; 75(4): 25-28. doi:10.1111/j.1746-1561.2005.tb06656.x
• Referans10. Lundblad B, Hellström AL. Berg M. Children’s experiences of attitudes and rules for going to the toilet in school. Scand J Caring Sci. 2010; 24(2): 219-223. doi:10.1111/j.1471-6712.2009.00707.x
• Referans11. Şişik A, Başak F, Hasbahçeci M, Acar A, Kılıç A, Özel Y, et al. Recovery from hemorrhoids and anal fissure without surgery. Turk J Gastroenterol. 2020; 31(4): 289. doi:10.5152/tjg.2020.19183
• Referans12. Setiawati DNAE. Putriana DMother Perception of Toilet Training in Toddler. 4th ASEAN Conference on Psychology, Counselling, and Humanities (ACPCH 2018). 2019; 304: 95-98. doi:10.2991/acpch-18.2019.24
• Referans13. Mcleod S. Psychosexual Stages, 2008. Accessed 30 April, 2021. https://www.simplypsychology.org/psychosexual.html
• Referans14. Vazire S. Personalıty. A Six-Day Unit Lesson Plan for High School Psychology Teachers American Psychological Association.: American Psychological Association, 2014. p. 3, 20, 24-26.
• Referans15. Cherry K. (n.d.) Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development, Psychosocial Development in Infancy and Early Childhood. Accessed 30 April, 2021. https://www.olma.org › 2018/12/14 › Erikson.
• Referans16. Netto MB, Paula JCD, Bastos CR, Soares DG, et al. Personal and familial factors associated with toilet training. International Braz J Urol. 2021; 47(1): 169-177. doi:10.1590/S1677-5538.IBJU.2020.0129
• Referans17. Van Aggelpoel T, De Wachter S, Neels H, Van Hal G, Roelant E, Vermandel A. Implementing a new method of group toilet training in daycare centres: a cluster randomised controlled trial. Eur J Pediatr. 2020; 1-9. doi:10.1007/s00431-020-03879-y
• Referans18. Van Aggelpoel T, De Wachter S, Van Hal G, Van der Cruyssen K, Neels H, Vermandel A. Parents’ views on toilet training: a cross-sectional study in Flanders. Nurs Child Young People. 2018; 33(2). doi:10.7748/ncyp.2018.e944
• Referans19. Taherdoost H. Determining sample size; how to calculate survey sample size. IJEMS. 2017; 2.
• Referans20. Federal Interagency Forum on Child and Family Statistics. Accessed 1 April, 2021. www.childstats.gov.
• Referans21. Castelo-Branco C, Palacios S, Ferrer-Barriendos J, Parrilla JJ, Montserrat M, Xavier A, et al. Understanding how personality factors may influence quality of life: development and validation of the Cervantes Personality Scale. Menopause. 2008; 15(5): 914-918. doi:10.1097/gme.0b013e318167b916
• Referans22. Bal MD, Sahin NH. Turkish adaptation of the Cervantes Personality Scale: a validation and reliability study. Journal of Educatıon and Research in Nursıng. 2011; 8(1), 39-45.
• Referans23. Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health General Directorate of Health Promotion. Turkey handwashing research. (893). Ankara, 2012.
• Referans24. Better Health Channel. Personal hygiene. Accessed 4 April, 2021. https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/personal-hygiene
• Referans25. Wu HY. Can evidence-based medicine change toilet-training practice? AJU. 2013; 11(1): 13-18. doi:10.1016/j.aju.2012.11.001
• Referans26. Ozdemir O, Aykan F, Ozdemir PG. Coping Strategies and personality traits in women patients with migraine and tension type headache. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences. 2014; 4(2): 59. doi:10.5455/jmood.2014010811532