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Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 180 - 193, 30.12.2017

Özüm Özoğlu , Mehmet Altay Ünal , Evrim Güneş Altuntaş

Öz

Biosensors are devices that determine the concentration of the target analyte by means of a signal obtained in proportion to the specificity and the concentration of the bioreceptor. They are a powerful alternative to traditional analytical methods due to the fact that they are fast, precise, reliable, portable and economical devices.

Lactate (lactic acid), a key metabolite of the anaerobic metabolism pathway, is an important indicator for lots of reactions, including the health of organisms and some food processes. Lactate which is naturally produced by lactic acid bacteria is found in fermented food products and many other foods and beverages. Thus; lactate level in the food industry is used to determine freshness, stability and quality characteristics of the products. In another aspect, lactate production under anaerobic conditions is a sign of fatigue and hydration. Serial determination of blood lactate levels, is a good predictor to follow the multiple system organ failure and death in septic shock patients.

Today, electrochemical-biosensors are used commonly because of their features such as low cost, easy usage, perfect sensitivity and high selectivity to detect lactate levels. In the literature, most of lactate biosensors are enzymatic amperometric biosensors. Besides the approximately fifteen commercial biosensors, there are a great number of biosensors examined in laboratory conditions. While the studies focused on the development of new biosensors in lab-scale, it is a necessity to gain them as commercial usage.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biosensor Bioreceptor Electrochemical Industry Food Lactate Health Transducer Transducer

Kaynakça

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  • Alocilja EC, Radke SM. 2003. Market Analysis of Biosensors for Food Safety. Biosens Bioelectron, 18/5–6:841–846.
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  • Bakker J, Gris P, Coffernils M, Kahn RJ, Vincent JL. 1996. Serial Blood Lactate Levels Can Predict The Development of Multiple Organ Failure Following Septic Shock. Am J Surg, 171/2:221–226.
  • Ballesta-Claver J, Valencia-Mirón MC, Capitán-Vallvey LF. 2008. One-Shot Lactate Chemiluminescent Biosensor. Anal Chim Act, 629/1–2:136–144.
  • Borisov SM, Wolfbeis OS. 2008. Optical Biosensors. Chem Rev, 108/2:423–461.
  • Brena B, González-Pombo P, Batista-Viera F. 2013. Immobilization Of Enzymes: A Literature Survey. Methods Mol Biol, 1051:015–031.
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Biyosensörler: Gıda ve Sağlık Alanında Laktat Biyosensörleri

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 180 - 193, 30.12.2017

Özüm Özoğlu , Mehmet Altay Ünal , Evrim Güneş Altuntaş

Öz

Biyosensörler, hedef analitin varlığı ya da konsantrasyonunu biyoreseptörün spesifikliği ve konsantrasyonuyla orantılı olarak elde edilen sinyal aracılığıyla belirleyen cihazlardır. Hızlı, hassas, güvenilir, kolay taşınabilir ve ekonomik cihazlar olmaları nedeniyle geleneksel analitik metodlara güçlü bir alternatiftirler.

Anaerobik metabolizma yolunun önemli bir metaboliti olan laktatın (laktik asit) varlığı, organizmaların sağlığı ve bazı gıda süreçleri gibi birçok reaksiyon için önemli bir göstergedir. Laktik asit bakterileri tarafından doğal olarak üretilen laktat, fermente gıda ürünleriyle birlikte diğer pek çok yiyecek ve içecekte bulunmaktadır. Bu nedenle; gıda endüstrisinde laktat seviyesi, ürünlerin; tazelik, stabilite ve kalite özelliklerinin belirlenmesinde kullanılmaktadır. Diğer bir açıdan, anaerobik koĢullar altında laktat üretimi; insanlarda yorulmanın ve hidrasyonun bir işaretidir. Kan laktat düzeylerinin hızlı olarak belirlenmesi, septik şok hastalarında çoklu organ yetmezliği ve ölümün izlenmesi açısından iyi bir belirteçtir.

Günümüzde, elektrokimyasal biyosensörler; düşük maliyeti, kullanım kolaylığı, mükemmel hassasiyeti ve yüksek seçiciliği gibi özellikleri nedeniyle laktat seviyelerini belirlemek için yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadırlar. Literatürde, laktat biyosensörlerinin çoğu enzimatik amperometrik biyosensörlerdir. Yaklaşık olarak bulunan on beş ticari biyosensörün yanı sıra, laboratuvar koşullarında incelenen çok sayıda biyosensör bulunmaktadır. Çalışmalar, laboratuvar ölçekli yeni biyosensörlerin geliştirilmesi üzerine yoğunlaşırken bunları ticari kullanım amacıyla pazara sunmak önemli bir gerekliliktir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyosensör Biyoreseptör Elektrokimyasal Endüstri Gıda Laktat Sağlık Transduser Transduser

Kaynakça

  • Aksoy S, Tumturk H, Hasirci N. 1998. Stability of Alfa-Amylase Ġmmobilized on Poly(Methyl Methacrylate-Acrylic Acid) Microspheres. J Biotechnol, 60/1–2:037–046.
  • Alocilja EC, Radke SM. 2003. Market Analysis of Biosensors for Food Safety. Biosens Bioelectron, 18/5–6:841–846.
  • Avramescu A, Noguer T, Avramescu M, Marty JL. 2002. Screen-Printed Biosensors for The Control of Wine Quality Based on Lactate And Acetaldehyde Determination. Anal Chim Acta, 458/1:203–213.
  • Aykut U, Temiz H. 2006. Biyosensörler ve Gıdalarda Kullanımı. Teknolojik Arastırmalar : GTED, 3/3:051–059.
  • Babacan S, Pivarnik P, Letcher S, Rand AG. 2000. Evaluation Of Antibody Ġmmobilization Methods For Piezoelectric Biosensor Application. Biosens Bioelectron, 15/11–12:615–621.
  • Bahadır EB, Sezgintürk MK. 2015. Applications Of Commercial Biosensors in Clinical, Food, Environmental, And Biothreat/Biowarfare Analyses. Anal Biochem, 478:107–120.
  • Bakker J, Gris P, Coffernils M, Kahn RJ, Vincent JL. 1996. Serial Blood Lactate Levels Can Predict The Development of Multiple Organ Failure Following Septic Shock. Am J Surg, 171/2:221–226.
  • Ballesta-Claver J, Valencia-Mirón MC, Capitán-Vallvey LF. 2008. One-Shot Lactate Chemiluminescent Biosensor. Anal Chim Act, 629/1–2:136–144.
  • Borisov SM, Wolfbeis OS. 2008. Optical Biosensors. Chem Rev, 108/2:423–461.
  • Brena B, González-Pombo P, Batista-Viera F. 2013. Immobilization Of Enzymes: A Literature Survey. Methods Mol Biol, 1051:015–031.
  • Canh TM. 1993. Biosensors. Chapman & Hall, London.
  • Casero E, Alonso C, Petit-Domínguez MD, Vázquez L, Parra-Alfambra AM, Merino P, Álvarez-García S, Andrés A, Suárez E, Pariente F, Lorenzo E. 2014. Lactate Biosensor Based on A Bionanocomposite Composed of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles, Photocatalytically Reduced Graphene, and Lactate Oxidase. Microchim Acta, 181/1–2:079–087.
  • Chaplin MF, Bucke C. 1990. Enzyme Technology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
  • Choi MMF. 2004. Progress in Enzyme-Based Biosensors Using Optical Transducers. Microchim Acta, 148/3–4:107–132.
  • Clark LC. 1956. Monitor and Control of Blood and Tissue Oxygen Tensions. ASAIO Journal, p:041-048.
  • Clark LC, Lyons C. 1962. Electrode Systems for Contınuous Monıtorıng in Cardiovascular Surgery. Ann N Y Acad Sci, 102/1:029–045.
  • Datta S, Christena LR, Rajaram YRS. 2012. Enzyme Immobilization: an Overview on Techniques and Support Materials. 3 Biotech, 3:001–009.
  • Divies C. 1975. Remarks on Ethanol Oxidation by An “Acetobacter xylinum” Microbial Electrode. Ann Microbiol, 126/2:175-186.
  • Dungchai W, Chailapakul O, Henry CS. 2009. Electrochemical Detection for Paper-Based Microfluidics. Anal Chem, 81/14:5821–5826.
  • Fan X, White IM, Shopova SI, Zhu H, Suter JD, Sun Y. 2008. Sensitive Optical Biosensors for Unlabeled Targets: A Review. Anal Chim Acta, 620/1–2:008–026.
  • Faridnia MH, Palleschi G, Lubrano GJ, Guilbault GG. 1993. Amperometric Biosensor for Determination of Lactate in Sweat. Anal Chim Acta, 278/1:035–040.
  • Faude O, Kindermann W, Meyer T. 2009. Lactate Threshold Concepts: How Valid Are They? Sport Med, 39/6:469–490.
  • Girotti S, Muratori M, Fini F, Ferri EN, Carrea G, Koran M, Rauch P. 2000. Luminescent Enzymatic Flow Sensor for D-and L-Lactate Assay in Beer. Eur Food Res Technol, 210:216–219.
  • Göpel W, Heiduschka P. 1995. Interface Analysis in Biosensor Design. Biosens Bioelectron, 10/9–10:853–883.
  • Guilbault GG, Montalvo JG. 1970. Enzyme Electrode for the Substrate Urea. J Am Chem Soc, 92/8:2533–2538.
  • Hammond JL, Formisano N, Estrela P, Carrara S, Tkac J. 2016. Electrochemical Biosensors and Nanobiosensors. Essays Biochem, 60:069–080.
  • House JL, Anderson EM, Ward WK. 2007. Immobilization Techniques to Avoid Enzyme Loss from Oxidase-Based Biosensors: A One-Year Study. J Diabetes Sci Technol, 1/1:018–027.
  • Hu Y, Wilson GS. 2002. Rapid Changes in Local Extracellular Rat Brain Glucose Observed with An In Vivo Glucose Sensor. J Neurochem, 68/4:1745–1752.
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Toplam 101 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Bölüm 2017-Makaleler
Yazarlar

Özüm Özoğlu

Mehmet Altay Ünal

Evrim Güneş Altuntaş

Yayımlanma Tarihi 30 Aralık 2017
Kabul Tarihi 27 Kasım 2017
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2017 Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Özoğlu, Ö., Ünal, M. A., & Güneş Altuntaş, E. (2017). Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences, 2(2), 180-193.
AMA Özoğlu Ö, Ünal MA, Güneş Altuntaş E. Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field. TJLS. Aralık 2017;2(2):180-193.
Chicago Özoğlu, Özüm, Mehmet Altay Ünal, ve Evrim Güneş Altuntaş. “Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field”. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences 2, sy. 2 (Aralık 2017): 180-93.
EndNote Özoğlu Ö, Ünal MA, Güneş Altuntaş E (01 Aralık 2017) Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences 2 2 180–193.
IEEE Ö. Özoğlu, M. A. Ünal, ve E. Güneş Altuntaş, “Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field”, TJLS, c. 2, sy. 2, ss. 180–193, 2017.
ISNAD Özoğlu, Özüm vd. “Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field”. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences 2/2 (Aralık 2017), 180-193.
JAMA Özoğlu Ö, Ünal MA, Güneş Altuntaş E. Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field. TJLS. 2017;2:180–193.
MLA Özoğlu, Özüm vd. “Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field”. Turkish Journal of Life Sciences, c. 2, sy. 2, 2017, ss. 180-93.
Vancouver Özoğlu Ö, Ünal MA, Güneş Altuntaş E. Biosensors: Lactate Biosensors in Food and Health Field. TJLS. 2017;2(2):180-93.
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