G7 ÜLKELERİNDE ASKERİ HARCAMALAR VE EKONOMİK BÜYÜME: PANEL VERİ ANALİZİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 7, 25 - 33, 28.02.2020

Mehmet Emre Ünsal

https://doi.org/10.30520/tjsosci.650851

Cited By: 2

Öz

Askeri harcamaların, zorunlu bir kamu maliyesi aracı olarak ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini araştıran teorik ve uygulamalı çalışmalar mevcuttur. Bu çalışma da askeri harcamalar ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişkiyi G7 ülkelerine ait verileri kullanarak araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaçla, 1970-2017 dönemi için Kanada, Almanya, Fransa, İngiltere, İtalya, Japonya ve Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ne ait veriler üzerinden Panel Veri Analizi yapılmaktadır. Bu analizde reel GSYİH bağımlı değişken olarak; askeri harcamalar, ihracat ve sabit sermaye oluşumu ise bağımsız değişkenler olarak kullanılmaktadır. Ekonometrik testler neticesinde Panel Veri Analizinin Driscoll-Kraay Standart Hatalar tahmincisi ile yapılması gerektiği belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada elde edilen sonuçlara göre, G7 ülkelerinde askeri harcamalar ekonomik büyümeyi pozitif etkilemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Askeri Harcamalar, Ekonomik Büyüme, Panel Veri Analizi

MILITARY EXPENDITURES AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN G7 COUNTRIES: PANEL DATA ANALYSIS

Öz

As a mandatory public finance tool, there are theoretical and applied studies which research the effects of military expenditures on economic growth. This study also aims to investigate the relationship between military expenditures and economic growth by using the data of G7 countries. For this purpose, a Panel Data Analysis is handled over the dataset of Canada, Germany, France, England, Italy, Japan and United States of America for 1970-2017 period. In this analysis, real GDP is used as the dependent variable and military expenditures, export and gross capital formation are used as the independent variables. As a result of the econometric tests, it is determined that the Panel Data Analysis must be done by Driscoll-Kraay Standard Errors estimator. According to the results of the study, military expenditures affect economic growth positively in G7 countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Military Expenditures, Economic Growth, Panel Data Analysis

Kaynakça

• Arshad, A., Syed, S. H., & Shabbir, G. (2017). Military Expenditure and Economic Growth: A Panel Data Analysis. Forman Journal of Economic Studies, 13, 161-175.
• Chang, H. C., Huang, B. N., & Yang, C. W. (2011). Military expenditure and economic growth across different groups: A dynamic panel Granger-causality approach. Economic Modelling, 28(6), 2416-2423.
• Chen, P. F., Lee, C. C., & Chiu, Y. B. (2014). The nexus between defense expenditure and economic growth: New global evidence. Economic Modelling, 36, 474-483.
• Dunne, J. P., & Tian, N. (2015). Military expenditure, economic growth and heterogeneity. Defence and Peace Economics, 26(1), 15-31.
• Hatemi-J, A., Chang, T., Chen, W. Y., Lin, F. L., & Gupta, R. (2018). Asymmetric causality between military expenditures and economic growth in top six defense spenders. Quality & Quantity, 52(3), 1193-1207.
• Hirnissa, M. T., Habibullah, M. S., & Baharom, A. H. (2009). Military expenditure and economic growth in Asean-5 countries. Journal of sustainable development, 2(2), 192- 202.
• Hou, N., & Chen, B. (2013). Military expenditure and economic growth in developing countries: Evidence from system GMM estimates. Defence and peace economics, 24(3), 183-193.
• Khalid, M. A., & Noor, Z. M. (2015). Military expenditure and economic growth in developing countries: evidence from system GMM estimates. Journal of Emerging Trends in Economics and Management Sciences, 6(1), 31-39.
• Kollias, C., Manolas, G., & Paleologou, S. M. (2004). Defence expenditure and economic growth in the European Union: a causality analysis. Journal of Policy Modeling, 26(5), 553-569.
• Lee, C. C., & Chen, S. T. (2007). Do defence expenditures spur GDP? A panel analysis from OECD and non‐OECD countries. Defence and Peace Economics, 18(3), 265-280.
• Saba, C. S., & Ngepah, N. (2019). Military expenditure and economic growth: evidence from a heterogeneous panel of African countries. Economic Research-Ekonomska Istraživanja, 32(1), 3586-3606.
• Shahid, A., & Saba, I. (2015). Economic Growth and Military Expenditure Linkages: A Panel Data Analysis. International Economic Policy, (23), 48.
• Wijeweera, A., & Webb, M. J. (2011). Military spending and economic growth in South Asia: A panel data analysis. Defence and Peace Economics, 22(5), 545-554.
• Yildirim, J., Sezgin, S., & Öcal, N. (2005). Military expenditure and economic growth in Middle Eastern countries: A dynamic panel data analysis. Defence and Peace Economics, 16(4), 283-295.