Integrated Management of ALS and ACCase Inhibitor Herbicide-Resistant Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard) Fritsch Based on Cultural Methods

Öz

Rice plays an important role globally regarding food safety and is an important product in Turkey due to its high domestic consumption. As a result of the difficulty of rotation and fallow-free cultivation in rice production, competitive weed species that have the capacity to reproduce rapidly and are adapted to water have become a problem. In addition, due to the use of herbicides with the same mechanism of action for many years, the number and population of herbicide-resistant weed species have increased rapidly. Integrated weed management, which is an important solution in the fight against these weeds and which should be developed depending on the production systems of the countries. Echinochloa oryzoides is one of the most resistant weeds that have adapted to rice fields. In the effective management of this weed; It was aimed to determine the interaction between planting method, water management and rice varieties (Osmancık, Gönen, Koral). In this direction, experiments were carried out in the Marmara and the Black Sea Regions. Experiments were carried out with four replications in accordance with the divided trial design. The water level (especially the high water level) not only had a highly suppressive effect against weeds but also helped to increase the growth and yield of the rice. The deep and medium water levels increased the rice's tillering number and dry weight. This study revealed that maintaining the water level in rice cultivation areas can lead to better rice growth and weed growth, and a high yield can be obtained.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Echinochloa oryzoides
• rice
• cultural practices
• integrated control

ALS ve ACCase İnhibitörü Herbisitlere Dayanıklı Echinochloa oryzoides (Ard) Fritsch’in Kültürel Yöntemler Esas Alınarak Entegre Mücadelesi

Öz

Çeltik, gıda güvenliği açısından global olarak önemli bir rol oynamaktadır ve iç tüketimin yüksek olmasından dolayı da Türkiye’de de önemli bir üründür. Çeltik üretiminde rotasyon zorluğu ve nadassız yetiştiricilik neticesinde hızlı çoğalabilme kapasitesine sahip ve suya adapte olmuş rekabetçi yabancı ot türleri sorun olmaya başlamıştır. Aynı etki mekanizmasına sahip herbisitlerin uzun yıllar kullanılması sonucunda herbisitlere dayanıklı yabancı ot türü sayısı ve populasyonu hızlı bir şekilde artmıştır. Bu yabancı otlarla mücadelede önemli bir çözüm yolu olan ve ülkelerin kendi üretim sistemlerine bağlı olarak geliştirilmesi gerekli olan yöntem entegre mücadeledir. Echiochloa oryzoides’de çeltik üretim alanlara adapte olmuş ve dayanıklı yabancı otlar arasında baş sıralarda yer almaktadır. Bu yabancı otla etkin mücadelesinde; ekim metodu, su yönetimi ve çeltik çeşitleri (Osmancık, Gönen, Koral)’nin arasındaki etkileşimin belirlenmesi hedeflenmiş ve bu doğrultuda yapılan denemeler Marmara ve Karadeniz Bölgelerinde yürütülmüştür. Denemeler bölünen bölünmüş deneme desenine uygun olarak dört tekerrürlü olarak yapılmıştır. Su seviyesi (özellikle yüksek su seviyesi), yabancı otlara karşı sadece yüksek oranda baskılayıcı bir etkiye sahip olmakla kalmamış, aynı zamanda çeltiğin büyümesini ve verimini de arttırmaya yardımcı olmuştur. Derin ve orta seviyedeki su çeltiğin kardeşlenme sayısını ve kuru ağırlığını arttırmıştır. Bu çalışma, çeltik ekim alanlarında su seviyesinin muhafaza edilmesiyle daha iyi bir çeltik gelişimi sağlanabileceği ve yüksek verim elde edilebileceğini ortaya koymuştur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Echinochloa oryzoides
• çeltik
• kültürel uygulamalar
• entegre mücadele

Kaynakça

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