COVID-19 Pandemisinin Hastaneye Yatan Çocuklara Etkisi ve Pediatri Hemşiresinin Rolleri

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 2 Sayı: 2, 202 - 210, 30.05.2022

Mukaddes Demir Acar , Şule Çiftci Ünal

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemi sürecinin akut ve kronik hastalık nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılan çocuk ve ebeveynlere etkisi ve pediatri hemşiresinin rollerinin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu derleme çalışmasında ulusal ve uluslararası veri tabanlarındaki araştırmalardan yararlanılmıştır.
Bulgular: COVID-19 pandemisi, 2020 yılında dünya genelinde hızla yayılmaya başlayarak hastanelerin bakım kapasitelerini zorlamıştır. Pandemi süreci, akut ve ya kronik hastalık nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılması gereken ebeveyn ve çocukları da etkilemektedir. Çocukların hem akut hem de kronik hastalıklar nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılması, ebeveynler ve çocuklar için stresli bir deneyimdir. Ek olarak pandemi sürecinde hastaneye yatırılan çocuklar ve ebeveynleri, ziyaretçi kısıtlaması, COVID-19 bulaşma korkusu ve medyada koronavirüs ile ilgili haberler nedeniyle yoğun düzeyde anksiyete yaşamaktadır. Hemşireler hastanede yatan çocuğa bakım verirken sadece fiziksel olarak değil psikososyal olarak da bütüncül hemşirelik bakımı vermelidir. Çünkü hemşireler, hastanede yatan çocukların duyulduklarını, anlaşıldıklarını ve saygı duyulduğunu hissettikleri bir ortam yaratmak için eşsiz bir konumdadır. Aile merkezli bakım, hastane ortamında ebeveynlerin ve çocukların ihtiyaç ve beklentilerini karşılamada en iyi bakım felsefesidir. Bu kavramı benimseyen pediatri hemşireleri, ailenin çocuğun iyileşmesi için gerekli olduğunu ve çocuğun fiziksel, duygusal ve ruhsal ihtiyaçlarını karşılamada önemli bir rol oynadığını kuvvetle kabul eder. Ancak, Covid-19 pandemi sürecinin, çocuk sağlığı profesyonel ekibinin aile merkezli bakım sağlama becerisini de sekteye uğrattığı bildirilmiştir.
Sonuç: Hemşireler, COVID-19 pandemi sürecinde hastanede yatan çocuk ve ebeveynlerin duygularının farkında olmalıdır. Fiziksel bakımın yanı sıra çocuk ve ailenin psikososyal yönden de ihtiyaçlarının bilinmesi, çocuk ve ailenin bütüncül olarak değerlendirilmesi, aile merkezli bakım sunulması ve konu ile ilgili araştırmalar yapılması önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Aile Merkezli Bakım, COVID-19 Pandemisi, Çocuk, Hastane, Hemşirelik Bakımı

The Effect Of The Covıd-19 Pandemic On Hospitalized Children And Pediatric Nurse’s Roles

Öz

Objective: In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic process on children and parents hospitalized for acute and chronic diseases and the roles of pediatric nurses.
Materials and Methods: In this review study, studies in national and international databases were used.
Results: The COVID-19 pandemic started to spread rapidly around the world in 2020, forcing the care capacities of hospitals. The pandemic process also affects parents and children who need to be hospitalized due to acute or chronic illness. Hospitalization of children for both acute and chronic illnesses is a stressful experience for parents and child. In addition, children hospitalized during the pandemic and their parents experience intense anxiety due to visitor restriction, fear of COVID-19 contamination, and news about coronavirus in the media. Nurses should provide holistic nursing care not only physically but also psychosocially while caring for the hospitalized child. Because nurses are in a unique position to create an environment where hospitalized children feel heard, understood and respected. Family-centered care is the best care philosophy in meeting the needs and expectations of parents and children in a hospital setting. Adopting this concept, pediatric nurses strongly acknowledge that the family is essential for the child's recovery and plays an important role in meeting the child's physical, emotional and spiritual needs. However, it has been reported that the COVID-19 pandemic process has also hampered the child health professional team's ability to provide family-centered care.
Conclusion: Nurses should be aware of the feelings of hospitalized children and parents during the COVID-19 pandemic. In addition to physical care, it is recommended to know the psychosocial needs of the child and family, to evaluate the child and family holistically, to provide family-centered care and to conduct research on the subject.

Anahtar Kelimeler

COVID-19 Pandemic; Child, Family-centered Care; Hospital; Nursing Care.

Kaynakça

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