Relationship between physical activity level and demographic characteristics eating habits and sedantary behaviors of Turkish school children aged 11 13 and 15 years

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between physical activity level and demographic characteristics nbsp; body mass index nbsp; and some other health behaviors nbsp; in Turkish adolescents

Keywords

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Türkiye’deki 11 13 15 yaşındaki okul çocuklarının fiziksel etkinlik düzeylerinin demografik özellikler beslenme alışkanlıkları ve hareketsiz yaşam davranışlarıyla ilişkisi

Öz

Amaç: Bu araflt›rman›n amac› Türkiye’de okula devam etmekte olan ergenlerin fiziksel etkinlik düzeylerinin demografik etkenler, beden kitle indeksi ve baz› sa¤l›k davran›fllar› ile iliflkisini saptamakt›.

Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çal›flmada kesitsel tan›mlay›c› ve çok uluslu “Health Behavior in School Aged Children (HBSC)” araflt›rmas›n›n Türkiye aya¤›na kat›lan ve 6., 8. ve 10. s›n›fa devam eden 11, 13 ve 15 yafl›ndaki ergenlerin verilerinin bir bölümü de¤erlendirildi. Veri çözümlemeleri 26 ildeki 82 ilkokulun 180 dersli¤inde 11 ve 13 yafllar›ndaki 3884 (1946 erkek, 1938 k›z) ve 83 lisenin 88 dersli¤inde 15 yafl›ndaki 1668 (901 erkek, 767 k›z) ö¤renci üzerinden yap›ld›. ‹statistiksel de¤erlendirmede ki-kare testi, faktör analizi ve lojistik regresyon analizi kullan›ld›.

Bulgular: Ö¤rencilerin %20’si haftada en az yedi gün, günde en az bir saat herhangi bir fiziksel etkinlikte bulunduklar›n› bildirdi. Çok de¤iflkenli analizde (lojistik regresyon) fiziksel etkinlik ile erkek olmak, 15 yafl›na göre 11 yafl›nda ve 13 yafl›nda olmak ve akflamlar› arkadafllar› ile evin d›fl›nda zaman geçirmek aras›nda anlaml› iliflki bulundu. Beslenme davran›fllar› hem sa¤l›kl› hem de sa¤l›ks›z yiyecekleri az tüketenler esas al›narak incelendi¤inde, di¤er üç grubun (sa¤l›kl› yiyecek tüketimi s›k+sa¤l›ks›z yiyecek tüketimi seyrek olanlar; sa¤l›ks›z yiyecek tüketimi s›k+sa¤l›kl› yiyecek tüketimi seyrek olanlar; her iki tip yiyece¤i s›k tüketenler) esas gruba göre fiziksel etkinlik düzeylerinin daha fazla oldu¤u saptand›.

Çıkarımlar: Bu araflt›rman›n sonuçlar› ülkemizde yaflayan ergenlerin fiziksel etkinlik düzeylerinin yetersiz oldu¤unu, özellikle k›zlar›n fiziksel olarak etkin olmad›¤›n›, ergenlerin beslenme al›flkanl›klar›n›n ve arkadafllar› ile geçirdikleri zaman›n fiziksel etkinlik düzeyleriyle iliflkili oldu¤unu göstermesi aç›s›ndan önemlidir. Etkin sa¤l›¤› koruma ve gelifltirme programlar› özellikle k›zlara odaklamal› ve ergenlerin beslenme al›flkanl›klar›n›n üzerinde durmal›d›r. Akranlar›n ergenlerin fiziksel etkinlik düzeylerinin art›r›lmas›nda önemli rol oynayabilecekleri de unutulmamal›d›r. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Beslenme alışkanlıkları
• ergen
• fiziksel etkinlik
• hareketsiz yaşam
• şişmanlık

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