ÇELTİKTE (Oryza sativa L.) ERKEN GENERASYONLARDA DANE VERİMİ VE VERİM KOMPONENTLERİ İÇİN SELEKSİYON

Öz

Bu araştırmanın amacı, çeltikte (Oryza sativa L.) farklı generasyonlardaki açılan materyalde, yüksek ve düşük tane verimi ile verim komponentleri için yapılan seleksiyonda, seleksiyona cevabın belirlenmesidir. Bunun yanında, bu karakterlerin kalıtım dereceleri ve tane verimi ile olan ilişkileri de tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma, 1995 ve 1996 yıllarında Trakya Tarımsal Araştırma Enstitüsünde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Bu araştırmada, F3, F4 ve F5 generasyonlarında, ikişer adet açılan populasyon kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar, dane ağırlığı ve salkımda dane sayısının erken generasyonlardaki seleksiyonda etkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Her iki yılda, bütün generasyonlarda, tane verimi ile salkımdaki dane sayısı arasında pozitif ve önemli ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. 1000 dane ağırlığı için yüksek kalıtım dereceleri tahmin edilmiştir. Dar anlamda ve gerçekleştirilmiş kalıtım derecesi değerleri büyüklük bakımından benzerlikler göstermiştir. Dane ağırlığı için yapılan seleksiyon, doğrudan tane verimi için yapılan seleksiyon kadar etkili olmuştur. Onu salkımdaki dane sayısı izlemiştir. Düşük ve yüksek verim komponent değerleri için yapılan seleksiyon sonuçları, tane verimi ile verim komponentleri arasındaki ilişkiler ve kalıtım derecesi değerleri, salkımdaki tane sayısının erken generasyonlarda, bir seleksiyon kriteri olarak kullanılabileceğini gösterdi. Aynı zamanda, arzu edilen dane ağırlığı için erken generasyonlarda seleksiyon yapılabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çeltik (Oryza sativa L), kalıtım derecesi, korelasyon

SELECTION FOR GRAIN YIELD AND ITS COMPONENTS IN EARLY GENERATIONS IN RICE (Oryza sativa L.)

Öz

The aims of this study were to determine the response to selection for high and low grain yield and yield components, to estimate the heritability of these traits, and to compute the correlations of grain yield with yield components in the different segregating generations of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The research was conducted at Thrace Agricultural Research Institute in 1995 and 1996. Two segregating populations for each generation were used in F3, F4, and F5 in this study. The results indicated that selections for grain weight and the number of grains per panicle were effective in early generations. There were positive and significant associations between grain yield and the number of grains per panicle in all populations in both years. High heritabilities estimated for 1000 grain weight. The estimated narrowsense and realized heritabilities were similar in terms of magnitude. The selection for grain weight was effective as much as direct grain yield selection and the number of grains per panicle followed it. The results of selection conducted for low and high values of the yield components, correlations between grain yield and yield components and heritability values revealed that the number of grains per panicle could be used as selection criteria in early generations. Also, selection for desired grain size may be done in early generations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Correlation, heritability, rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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