EKSTRÜZYON TİPİ DÖVME PROSESLERİNDE FARKLI KALIP GEOMETRİLERİNİN KUVVET ve MALZEME AKIŞINA ETKİSİ
Yıl 2009,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 05.08.2016
Tahir Altınbalık
Yılmaz Çan
Öz
Ekstrüzyon tipi dövme proseslerinde malzeme akışı kapalı kalıpla dövme proseslerinin başlangıç aşamalarına benzer şekildedir ve özellikle yüksek dayanımlı parçaların imalatında tercih edilir. Kapalı kalıpla dövme yada ekstrüzyon tipi dövme gibi pekçok metal şekillendirme prosesinde şekillendirilen malzeme prosesin değişik aşamalarında akış yönünü değiştirebilmektedir. Özellikle ekstrüzyon tipi dövme proseslerinde malzeme akışı 3 farklı bölge içermektedir. Bu karmaşık akış takım gerilmeleri yada dövme kuvvetlerinin hesaplanmasını zorlaştırmaktadır. Bu amaçla kalıp şeklinin malzeme akışına etkilerinin incelenmesi yararlı olacaktır. Bu çalışmanın amacı ekstrüzyon tipi dövme proseslerinde aynı kesit alanına sahip farklı geometrilerde delik içeren kalıpların malzeme akışına ve kuvvet ihtiyacına olan etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu amaçla imal edilen 3 farklı kalıpta ekstrüzyon tipi dövme deneyleri yapılarak sonuçlar çeşitli bakımlardan karşılaştırılmıştır. Deneyler 150 metrik ton kapasiteli bir hidrolik preste kurşun malzeme kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir
Kaynakça
- Kudo, H., Some Analytical Experimental Studies of Axisymmetric Cold Forging and Extrusion, Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1960; 2:71-117.
- Rowe, G.W., Principles of Industrial Metalworking Processes, Arnold, London, 1997.
- Jain, S.C., Bramley, A.N., Lee, C.H. and Kobayashi, S., Theory and Experiments in Extrusion Forging, Proc. 11th MTDR Conf. Birmingham, Sept.1970, 1097-1115.
- Hu, W., Hashimi, M.S.J., Study of Metal Flow in Ekstrüzyon Forging of Rectangular Billets, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 1994, 43:51-59.
- Hashmi, M.S.J., Klemz, F.B., Axisymmetric Extrusion Forging: Effects of Material Property and Product Geometry, Int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res. 1986, 26(2):157-170.
- Giardini, C., Ceretti, E. and Maccarini, G., Formability in Extrusion Forging: The Influence of Die Geometry and Friction Conditions, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 1995, 55:305-308.
- Monaghan, J., Brayden, L., An Analysis of an Open and Closed-Die Extrusion Forging Process, Proc. IMC-5, Queens Univ. Belfast, 1988, 273-287.
- Monaghan, J., Brayden, L., An Analysis of a Closed-Die Extrusion Forging Process, Proc. IMC-6, Dublin City Univ., 1989, 310-332.
- Vickery, J., Monaghan, J., An Investigation of the Early Stages of a Forging Extrusion Process, Proc. IMC-8, Univ. Ulster, 1991, 327-342.
- 0] Vickery, J., Monaghan, J., An Upper Bound Analysis of a Forging-Extrusion J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 1995, 55:103110.
- 1] Hwang, B.C., Hong, S.J. and Bae, W.B., An UBET Analysis of Non-Axisymmetric Extrusion/Forging Process, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 2001, 111:135-141.
- 2] Wu, C.Y., Hsu, Y.C., The Influence of Die Shape on the Flow Deformation of Extrusion Forging, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 2002, 124:67-76.
- 3] Lin, S.Y., Lin, F.C., Influences of the Geometrical Conditions of die and Workpiece on the Barreling Formation During Forging-Extrusion Process, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 2003, 140:54-58.
- 4] Mısırlı, C., Çan, Y. ve Altınbalık, M.T., Ekstrüzyon Tipi Dövme Prosesi Üzerine Teorik Bir Çalışma, II. MBGAK, İstanbul, 17-19 Kasım 2005, 286-294.
- 5] Narayanasamy, R., Baskaran, K., Arunachalam, S,, and Krishna, D.M., An Experimental Investigation on Barreling of Aluminium Alloy Billets during Extrusion Forging Using Different Lubrications, Mat&Des., 2008, 29:2076-2088.
Influence of the Die Geometry on Load and Metal Flow in Extrusion-Forging Processes
Yıl 2009,
Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 1 - 8, 05.08.2016
Tahir Altınbalık
Yılmaz Çan
Öz
Metal flow of extrusion-forging process is similar to that of the initial pre-forging of closed-die forging and the process is frequently preferred in the forming process of high strength parts. In many metal forming processes such as closed-die forging or extrusion/forging, the deforming material changes its flow direction at various stages during the forming operation. The extrusion-forging process consisted of three distinct metal flow stages. This complex flow mechanism makes the calculation of tool stresses and forming forces extremely difficult. Therefore investigating the influence of orifices profile in the lower die on metal flow will be beneficial. The aim of this study is to determine the shape of die profiles which have same cross section area but different geometry on metal flow and load requirement. Thus, experiments of extrusion-forging was done by using three different dies of which orifice shape are different and results are compared which each other. Experiments were carried out by using a hydraulic press of which capacity 150 metric tons and lead was chosen as experimental material
Kaynakça
- Kudo, H., Some Analytical Experimental Studies of Axisymmetric Cold Forging and Extrusion, Int. J. Mech. Sci., 1960; 2:71-117.
- Rowe, G.W., Principles of Industrial Metalworking Processes, Arnold, London, 1997.
- Jain, S.C., Bramley, A.N., Lee, C.H. and Kobayashi, S., Theory and Experiments in Extrusion Forging, Proc. 11th MTDR Conf. Birmingham, Sept.1970, 1097-1115.
- Hu, W., Hashimi, M.S.J., Study of Metal Flow in Ekstrüzyon Forging of Rectangular Billets, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 1994, 43:51-59.
- Hashmi, M.S.J., Klemz, F.B., Axisymmetric Extrusion Forging: Effects of Material Property and Product Geometry, Int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res. 1986, 26(2):157-170.
- Giardini, C., Ceretti, E. and Maccarini, G., Formability in Extrusion Forging: The Influence of Die Geometry and Friction Conditions, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 1995, 55:305-308.
- Monaghan, J., Brayden, L., An Analysis of an Open and Closed-Die Extrusion Forging Process, Proc. IMC-5, Queens Univ. Belfast, 1988, 273-287.
- Monaghan, J., Brayden, L., An Analysis of a Closed-Die Extrusion Forging Process, Proc. IMC-6, Dublin City Univ., 1989, 310-332.
- Vickery, J., Monaghan, J., An Investigation of the Early Stages of a Forging Extrusion Process, Proc. IMC-8, Univ. Ulster, 1991, 327-342.
- 0] Vickery, J., Monaghan, J., An Upper Bound Analysis of a Forging-Extrusion J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 1995, 55:103110.
- 1] Hwang, B.C., Hong, S.J. and Bae, W.B., An UBET Analysis of Non-Axisymmetric Extrusion/Forging Process, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 2001, 111:135-141.
- 2] Wu, C.Y., Hsu, Y.C., The Influence of Die Shape on the Flow Deformation of Extrusion Forging, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 2002, 124:67-76.
- 3] Lin, S.Y., Lin, F.C., Influences of the Geometrical Conditions of die and Workpiece on the Barreling Formation During Forging-Extrusion Process, J. Mat. Pro. Tech., 2003, 140:54-58.
- 4] Mısırlı, C., Çan, Y. ve Altınbalık, M.T., Ekstrüzyon Tipi Dövme Prosesi Üzerine Teorik Bir Çalışma, II. MBGAK, İstanbul, 17-19 Kasım 2005, 286-294.
- 5] Narayanasamy, R., Baskaran, K., Arunachalam, S,, and Krishna, D.M., An Experimental Investigation on Barreling of Aluminium Alloy Billets during Extrusion Forging Using Different Lubrications, Mat&Des., 2008, 29:2076-2088.