Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi

İrem Binici Ertan; Aykut Şarkgüneşi

TR EN

Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi

Öz

Ekonomik büyüme ile çevresel bozulma arasındaki değiş–tokuş ilişkisi önemli bir araştırma konusudur. Bu konudaki tartışmalar kapsamında sıkça ele alınan ve mevcut yapıyla güçlü bir ilişki içerisinde olan bir diğer konu ise uluslararası ticarettir. Serbest ticaret savunucuları, ticaretin iş bölümü ve uzmanlaşmayı artırarak büyümeyi teşvik ettiğini savunurken, çevreciler ise çevresel kaynakların aşırı kullanılabileceği konusunda endişelidir. Nispeten yakın zamanlarda ele alınmaya başlanan gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu (GSYH-KY) değişkeninin ilgili analizlerde kullanılabileceği düşünülebilir. Büyüme ve ticaretin karbon salınımı ile ilişkisi sıkça incelenmişken, birim büyüme başına karbon salınımını ölçen değişkenle yapacağımız analiz, konuyu verimlilik gibi farklı bir alana taşıyabilecektir. Buradan oluşan motivasyon ile çalışmamızın problemi GSYH-KY’nin, yeşil ticari açıklık ve ticari küreselleşme ile nedensel ilişkisinin araştırılmasıdır. Yirmi altı AB ülkesi ve Türkiye’nin 1995–2020 yıllarını kapsayan panel veri seti kullanılarak yapılan analizde, tüm değişkenlerin GSYH-KY ile karşılıklı bir nedensellik içerisinde olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Böylece ilgili modellerde yapılacak regresyon analizlerinde bu değişkenin de kullanılabileceği istatistiksel olarak kanıtlanmış olmaktadır. Çalışma bu açıdan, alanda yapılacak akademik araştırmalara yeni bir perspektif kazandırmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Gayrisafi Yurt İçi Hasılanın Karbon Yoğunluğu, Yeşil Ticari Açıklık, Ticari Küreselleşme.

The relationship between carbon entensity of gross domestic product, trade globalization and green trade openness: A panel non–causality analysis for the EU and Türkiye

Öz

The trade–off between economic growth and environmental degradation constitutes a significant area of research. Within this context, international trade, related to the existing structure, frequently arises in related discussions. While proponents of free trade argue that it enhances global welfare by promoting specialization and division of labor, environmentalists express concerns regarding the potential overexploitation of natural resources. In this framework, the carbon intensity of gross domestic product (CIGDP) has recently been considered as a important variable in empirical analyses. Although the relationship between growth, trade, and carbon emissions has been extensively studied, analyzing carbon emissions per unit of economic growth introduces a productivity–oriented perspective. Motivated by this rationale, the present study investigates the causal relationship between CIGDP, green trade openness, and trade globalization. Using a panel dataset covering 26 EU countries and Türkiye from 1995 to 2020, the analysis identifies bidirectional causality among all variables. Thus, the statistical evidence confirms the relevance of including CIGDP in future regression models, offering a novel perspective for academic research in the field.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Carbon Intensity of Gross Domestic Product, Green Trade Openness, Trade Globalization.

Kaynakça

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Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Türkçe

Konular

Panel Veri Analizi , Uluslararası İktisatta Bölgesel Gelişme ve Küreselleşme, Yeşil Ekonomi

Bölüm

Araştırma Makalesi

Yazarlar

İrem Binici Ertan ^*
0000-0003-2562-8710
Türkiye

Aykut Şarkgüneşi
0000-0002-3816-1550
Türkiye

Yayımlanma Tarihi

30 Aralık 2025

Gönderilme Tarihi

16 Mayıs 2025

Kabul Tarihi

18 Temmuz 2025

Yayımlandığı Sayı

Yıl 2025 Cilt: 14 Sayı: 2

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF

APA

Binici Ertan, İ., & Şarkgüneşi, A. (2025). Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi E-Dergi, 14(2), 100-111. https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF

AMA

1.Binici Ertan İ, Şarkgüneşi A. Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi. TİFE. 2025;14(2):100-111. https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF

Chicago

Binici Ertan, İrem, ve Aykut Şarkgüneşi. 2025. “Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi”. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi E-Dergi 14 (2): 100-111. https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF.

EndNote

Binici Ertan İ, Şarkgüneşi A (01 Aralık 2025) Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi E-Dergi 14 2 100–111.

IEEE

[1]İ. Binici Ertan ve A. Şarkgüneşi, “Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi”, TİFE, c. 14, sy 2, ss. 100–111, Ara. 2025, [çevrimiçi]. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF

ISNAD

Binici Ertan, İrem - Şarkgüneşi, Aykut. “Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi”. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi E-Dergi 14/2 (01 Aralık 2025): 100-111. https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF.

JAMA

1.Binici Ertan İ, Şarkgüneşi A. Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi. TİFE. 2025;14:100–111.

MLA

Binici Ertan, İrem, ve Aykut Şarkgüneşi. “Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi”. Trakya Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi E-Dergi, c. 14, sy 2, Aralık 2025, ss. 100-11, https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF.

Vancouver

1.İrem Binici Ertan, Aykut Şarkgüneşi. Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi. TİFE [Internet]. 01 Aralık 2025;14(2):100-11. Erişim adresi: https://izlik.org/JA72EU22PF

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Gayrisafi yurt içi hasılanın karbon yoğunluğu, ticari küreselleşme ve yeşil ticari açıklık ilişkisi: AB ve Türkiye için panel nedensellik analizi

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

The relationship between carbon entensity of gross domestic product, trade globalization and green trade openness: A panel non–causality analysis for the EU and Türkiye

Öz

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kaynakça

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil

Konular

Bölüm

Yazarlar

Yayımlanma Tarihi

Gönderilme Tarihi

Kabul Tarihi

Yayımlandığı Sayı

IZ

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