THE LIBERTY DEBATE IN THE ANTI-LOCK-DOWN AND ANTI VACCINE PROTEST AND CONSERVATIVE CRITICISMS OF THE GLOBAL SYSTEM: THE CASES FROM THE USA AND EUROPE

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 2, 579 - 602, 20.12.2022

Yavuz Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.26468/trakyasobed.1113258

Öz

The main purpose of the study is to examine conservative arguments during the anti lockdown and vaccine actions, in the examples of the USA and Europe. Three principal axes, the actions taking place with conservative arguments, the emphasis on freedom and its transformation into a global discourse will be examined. In this framework, it will be argued that the ties between liberalism and conservatism have been stretched, and the normals established by the neoliberal world on the functioning of free markets have been shaken. The main point that drives conservatives to action is that the possibility that the current situation created by the epidemic will radically change the foundations of the previous political system. The debate is also directly related to the political pursuits created by populism. The political and economic framework in which these movements emerged will be drawn with the basic determinations of the concepts of neoliberalism and populism, and then the context of freedom, emphasized on the institutions and organizations coordinating the movements in the USA and Europe, will be examined. Neoliberalism, which has become the main axis of the global order in the context of market security and personal freedom, has become the new target of social protests. Conservatism's desire for reasonableness and a slow change through leaders has turned into a sharper resistance and a wave of criticism not only at the local level but also at the global level in these actions, with radical methods that this thought is not very suitable for. It can be seen that grassroots formations, spontaneous formations expressing the demands of ordinary people about the daily life problems and accompanying new associations, without being in a hierarchical or tight organization as in the anti-globalization movement, have started to be the form of action and expression of the masses. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Collective Action, Social Movements, Freedom Works

KARANTİNA VE AŞI KARŞITI PROTESTOLARDA ÖZGÜRLÜK TARTIŞMASI VE KÜRESEL SİSTEME MUHAFAZAKAR ELEŞTİRİLER: ABD VE AVRUPA’DAN ÖRNEKLER

Öz

Karantina ve sonrasında aşı karşıtı gösteriler, 2020’den bu yana hemen hemen her ülkede çeşitli büyüklüklerde gelişmiş ve neredeyse küresel bir eylem dalgasına dönüşmüştür. Çalışmanın amacı, bu eylemlerde muhafazakar argümanların eylemlerin yoğunlaştığı ABD ve Avrupa örneklerinde nasıl tanımladığını incelemektir. Çalışmada üç ana eksen, muhafazakar argümanlarla gerçekleşen eylemler, buradaki özgürlük vurgusu ve bunun küresel çapta bir söyleme dönüşmesi incelenecektir. Bu çerçevede liberalizm ve muhafazakarlık arasındaki bağların esnediği, neoliberal dünyanın serbest piyasaların işleyişi üzerinde kurduğu normallerin sarsıldığı savunulacaktır. Salgının yarattığı yeni durumun önceki siyasal sistemin temellerini aşırı biçimde değiştirme ihtimali, muhafazakarları eyleme sürükleyen temel noktadır. Çeşitli sayısal verilere değinse de asıl olarak kavramsal eksende ilerleyen bu çalışmada öncelikle bu hareketlerin oluştuğu siyasal ve ekonomik çerçeve, neoliberalizm ve popülizm kavramlarına dair temel tespitlerle çizilecektir. Ardından ABD ve Avrupa’da hareketleri koordine eden kurum ve örgütler üzerinden eylemlerde öne çıkarılan özgürlük bağlamı incelenecektir. Piyasaların güvenliği ve kişisel özgürlük bağlamlarında küresel düzenin ana ekseni haline gelen neoliberalizm, toplumsal protestoların yeni hedef tahtası olmuştur. Muhafazakarlığın makul olma, liderler aracılığıyla yavaş bir değişim isteği bu eylemlerde, bu düşüncenin çok yatkın olmadığı radikal yöntemlerle daha keskin bir direnişe ve sadece yerel düzeyde değil küresel çapta bir eleştiriye dönüşmüştür. Burada, küreselleşme-karşıtı hareketteki gibi, hiyerarşik ya da sıkı bir örgütlenme içinde olmadan, taban oluşumlarının, sıradan insanın gündelik hayat dertlerine dair taleplerini ifade eden kendiliğinden oluşumların ve ona eşlik eden yeni birlikteliklerin kitlelerin eylem ve ifade biçimi olmaya başladığı görülebilir. Bu yeni eklemlenmelerin neoliberal işleyişin içinde yeni kırılmaları ifade etme ihtimali yüksektir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kolektif Eylem, Toplumsal Hareket, Querdenker, FreedomWorks, Collective Action, Social Movements, Freedom Works

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