ERKEN EVRE ORTA RİSKLİ SERVİKS KANSERİNDE
CERRAHİ SONRASI ADJUVAN RADYOTERAPİ VE
KEMORADYOTERAPİ
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 0 - 0, 01.07.2013
Ömer Dizdar
Özden Altundağ
Ferah Yıldız
Öz
Erken evre serviks kanseri nedeniyle opere olan ve parametrium
tutulumu, lenf nodu metastazı ya da cerrahi sınır pozitişiği nedeniyle
“yüksek riskli” kabul edilen hastalarda adjuvan kemoradyoterapinin
hem hastalıksız hem de genel sağkalıma katkısı olduğu bilinmektedir.
Ancak “orta riskli” kabul edilen olgularda adjuvan radyoterapi
ile rekürrenssiz sağkalım avantajı sağlanmış olsa da genel sağkalım
avantajı gösterilememiştir ve toksisitenin önemli bir sorun olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Bu yazıda primer tedavi olarak radikal cerrahinin tercih
edildiği hastalarda “orta risk” grubunun özellikleri ve bu grupta
adjuvan radyoterapinin endikasyonları tartışılacaktır
Kaynakça
- 1. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman
D: Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin; 61(2): 69-
90.
- 2. Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, et al.: Human
papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical
cancer worldwide. J Pathol 1999; 189(1): 12-9.
- 3. Quinn M, Babb P, Jones J, Allen E: Effect of screening
on incidence of and mortality from cancer of cervix in
England: evaluation based on routinely collected statistics.
BMJ 1999; 318(7188): 904-8.
- 4. Landoni F, Maneo A, Colombo A, et al.: Randomised
study of radical surgery versus radiotherapy for stage
Ib-IIa cervical cancer. Lancet 1997; 350(9077): 535-40.
- 5. Monk BJ, Wang J, Im S, et al.: Rethinking the use of radiation
and chemotherapy after radical hysterectomy: a
clinical-pathologic analysis of a Gynecologic Oncology
Group/Southwest Oncology Group/Radiation Therapy
Oncology Group trial. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 96(3):
721-8.
- 6. Peters WA, 3rd, Liu PY, Barrett RJ, 2nd, et al.: Concurrent
chemotherapy and pelvic radiation therapy compared
with pelvic radiation therapy alone as adjuvant
therapy after radical surgery in high-risk early-stage
cancer of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18(8): 1606-13.
- 7. Delgado G, Bundy B, Zaino R, Sevin BU, Creasman
WT, Major F: Prospective surgical-pathological study
of disease-free interval in patients with stage IB squamous
cell carcinoma of the cervix: a Gynecologic Oncology
Group study. Gynecol Oncol 1990; 38(3): 352-7.
8. Sedlis A, Bundy BN, Rotman MZ, Lentz SS, Muderspach
LI, Zaino RJ: A randomized trial of pelvic radiation
therapy versus no further therapy in selected patients
with stage IB carcinoma of the cervix after radical
hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy: A Gynecologic
Oncology Group Study. Gynecol Oncol 1999;
73(2): 177-83.
- 9. Rotman M, Sedlis A, Piedmonte MR, et al.: A phase III
randomized trial of postoperative pelvic irradiation in
Stage IB cervical carcinoma with poor prognostic features:
follow-up of a gynecologic oncology group study.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 65(1): 169-76.
- 10. Smith HO, Tiffany MF, Qualls CR, Key CR: The rising
incidence of adenocarcinoma relative to squamous cell
carcinoma of the uterine cervix in the United States—a
24-year population-based study. Gynecol Oncol 2000;
78(2): 97-105.
- 11. Gien LT, Beauchemin MC, Thomas G: Adenocarcinoma:
a unique cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol; 116(1):
140-6.
- 12. Rogers L, Siu SS, Luesley D, Bryant A, Dickinson HO:
Radiotherapy and chemoradiation after surgery for
early cervical cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 5:
CD007583.
- 13. Bilek K, Ebeling K, Leitsmann H, Seidel G: Radical pelvic
surgery versus radical surgery plus radiotherapy
for stage Ib carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Preliminary
results of a prospective randomized clinical study.
Arch Geschwulstforsch 1982; 52(3): 223-9.
- 14. Zivanovic O, Alektiar KM, Sonoda Y, et al.: Treatment
patterns of FIGO Stage IB2 cervical cancer: a single-institution
experience of radical hysterectomy with individualized
postoperative therapy and definitive radiation
therapy. Gynecol Oncol 2008; 111(2): 265-70.
- 15. Ryu SY, Park SI, Nam BH, et al.: Is adjuvant chemoradiotherapy
overtreatment in cervical cancer patients
with intermediate risk factors? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol
Phys; 79(3): 794-9.
- 16. Song S, Song C, Kim HJ, et al.: 20 year experience of
postoperative radiotherapy in IB-IIA cervical cancer
patients with intermediate risk factors: impact of treatment
period and concurrent chemotherapy. Gynecol
Oncol; 124(1): 63-7.
- 17. Gaffney DK, Du Bois A, Narayan K, et al.: Practice patterns
of radiotherapy in cervical cancer among member
groups of the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG).
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 68(2): 485-90.
- 18. Wolfson AH, Varia MA, Moore D, et al.: ACR Appropriateness
Criteria(R) role of adjuvant therapy in the management
of early stage cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol;
125(1): 256-62.
- 19. Cervical cancer. NCCN Guidelines Version I. 2012.,
www.nccn.org
Yıl 2013,
Cilt: 16 Sayı: 3, 0 - 0, 01.07.2013
Ömer Dizdar
Özden Altundağ
Ferah Yıldız
Öz
Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy improves progression-free (PFS)
and overall survival (OS) in “high risk” patients with early stage cervical
cancer who are operated and have lymph node metastases, parametrial
involvement or positive surgical margins. However, adjuvant
radiotherapy was shown to improve PFS but not OS in patients with
“intermediate risk” disease and toxicity of radiotherapy is of concern
in this subgroup. We herein reviewed the characteristics of surgically
treated early stage intermediate risk patients and discussed the indications
of radiotherapy in these patients
Kaynakça
- 1. Jemal A, Bray F, Center MM, Ferlay J, Ward E, Forman
D: Global cancer statistics. CA Cancer J Clin; 61(2): 69-
90.
- 2. Walboomers JM, Jacobs MV, Manos MM, et al.: Human
papillomavirus is a necessary cause of invasive cervical
cancer worldwide. J Pathol 1999; 189(1): 12-9.
- 3. Quinn M, Babb P, Jones J, Allen E: Effect of screening
on incidence of and mortality from cancer of cervix in
England: evaluation based on routinely collected statistics.
BMJ 1999; 318(7188): 904-8.
- 4. Landoni F, Maneo A, Colombo A, et al.: Randomised
study of radical surgery versus radiotherapy for stage
Ib-IIa cervical cancer. Lancet 1997; 350(9077): 535-40.
- 5. Monk BJ, Wang J, Im S, et al.: Rethinking the use of radiation
and chemotherapy after radical hysterectomy: a
clinical-pathologic analysis of a Gynecologic Oncology
Group/Southwest Oncology Group/Radiation Therapy
Oncology Group trial. Gynecol Oncol 2005; 96(3):
721-8.
- 6. Peters WA, 3rd, Liu PY, Barrett RJ, 2nd, et al.: Concurrent
chemotherapy and pelvic radiation therapy compared
with pelvic radiation therapy alone as adjuvant
therapy after radical surgery in high-risk early-stage
cancer of the cervix. J Clin Oncol 2000; 18(8): 1606-13.
- 7. Delgado G, Bundy B, Zaino R, Sevin BU, Creasman
WT, Major F: Prospective surgical-pathological study
of disease-free interval in patients with stage IB squamous
cell carcinoma of the cervix: a Gynecologic Oncology
Group study. Gynecol Oncol 1990; 38(3): 352-7.
8. Sedlis A, Bundy BN, Rotman MZ, Lentz SS, Muderspach
LI, Zaino RJ: A randomized trial of pelvic radiation
therapy versus no further therapy in selected patients
with stage IB carcinoma of the cervix after radical
hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy: A Gynecologic
Oncology Group Study. Gynecol Oncol 1999;
73(2): 177-83.
- 9. Rotman M, Sedlis A, Piedmonte MR, et al.: A phase III
randomized trial of postoperative pelvic irradiation in
Stage IB cervical carcinoma with poor prognostic features:
follow-up of a gynecologic oncology group study.
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2006; 65(1): 169-76.
- 10. Smith HO, Tiffany MF, Qualls CR, Key CR: The rising
incidence of adenocarcinoma relative to squamous cell
carcinoma of the uterine cervix in the United States—a
24-year population-based study. Gynecol Oncol 2000;
78(2): 97-105.
- 11. Gien LT, Beauchemin MC, Thomas G: Adenocarcinoma:
a unique cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol; 116(1):
140-6.
- 12. Rogers L, Siu SS, Luesley D, Bryant A, Dickinson HO:
Radiotherapy and chemoradiation after surgery for
early cervical cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev; 5:
CD007583.
- 13. Bilek K, Ebeling K, Leitsmann H, Seidel G: Radical pelvic
surgery versus radical surgery plus radiotherapy
for stage Ib carcinoma of the cervix uteri. Preliminary
results of a prospective randomized clinical study.
Arch Geschwulstforsch 1982; 52(3): 223-9.
- 14. Zivanovic O, Alektiar KM, Sonoda Y, et al.: Treatment
patterns of FIGO Stage IB2 cervical cancer: a single-institution
experience of radical hysterectomy with individualized
postoperative therapy and definitive radiation
therapy. Gynecol Oncol 2008; 111(2): 265-70.
- 15. Ryu SY, Park SI, Nam BH, et al.: Is adjuvant chemoradiotherapy
overtreatment in cervical cancer patients
with intermediate risk factors? Int J Radiat Oncol Biol
Phys; 79(3): 794-9.
- 16. Song S, Song C, Kim HJ, et al.: 20 year experience of
postoperative radiotherapy in IB-IIA cervical cancer
patients with intermediate risk factors: impact of treatment
period and concurrent chemotherapy. Gynecol
Oncol; 124(1): 63-7.
- 17. Gaffney DK, Du Bois A, Narayan K, et al.: Practice patterns
of radiotherapy in cervical cancer among member
groups of the Gynecologic Cancer Intergroup (GCIG).
Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2007; 68(2): 485-90.
- 18. Wolfson AH, Varia MA, Moore D, et al.: ACR Appropriateness
Criteria(R) role of adjuvant therapy in the management
of early stage cervical cancer. Gynecol Oncol;
125(1): 256-62.
- 19. Cervical cancer. NCCN Guidelines Version I. 2012.,
www.nccn.org