Araç Kullanırken Müzik Dinlemek, Sürücü Dürtüselliği, Trafik Ortamının Risk Seviyesi ile Sürücü Davranışları ve Risk Algısı Arasındaki İlişki

Öz

Müzik dinlemek, çoğu yol kullanıcısının sergilediği davranışlardan biridir. Ayrıca, dürtüsellik gibi insan faktörü ile ilgili değişkenler ve trafik ortamını etkileyen fiziksel faktörler sürücülerin riskli sürücü davranışlarını etkilemektedir. Bu çalışma kapsamında, araç kullanırken müzik dinlemek, sürücü dürtüselliği ve trafik ortamının risk seviyesi ile sürücülerin risk algısı ve davranışları arasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, 50 sürücüden (37 erkek, 13 kadın) veri toplanmıştır. Katılımcılar, çalışma öncesinde, sürüş sırasında müzik dinleyecekleri deney grubu ve kontrol grubu olmak üzere iki gruba rasgele atanmıştır. Katılımcılar iki farklı (düşük ve yüksek riskli) simülasyon senaryosu, demografik bilgi formu, sürüş senaryolarına ilişkin risk algısı sorusu ve Dürtüsel Sürücü Ölçeği’nden oluşan bataryayı tamamlamıştır. Müzik dinlemenin sürüş simülatöründeki sürücü davranışları için bir etkisi olmazken, işlevsiz dürtüselliğin, farklı risk seviyesine sahip iki trafik ortamında da sürücü davranışı ile anlamlı bir ilişkiye sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Yüksek işlevsiz dürtüselliğe sahip bireyler, yüksek ve düşük riskli senaryolarda daha hızlı araç kullanmış ve yüksek riskli senaryoda hızlarını daha fazla değiştirmiş, şeridin daha solunda araç kullanmış ve bulunduğu şeridi daha fazla değiştirmiştir. Bulgular, işlevsiz dürtüselliğin farklı trafik ortamlarında sürücü davranışlarını etkileyen faktörlerden biri olduğunu ve yol güvenliği açısından daha fazla araştırma yapılması gerekliliğini sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• müzik
• dürtüsel sürücülük
• risk seviyesi
• risk algısı
• sürücü davranışları

The Relationship between Listening to Music while Driving, Driver Impulsivity, Risk Level of the Road, and Behaviors and Risk Perception of Drivers

Öz

Listening to music is one of the behaviors that most road users exhibit. Moreover, factors like impulsivity as variables affecting human factors and physical factors affecting traffic environment influence risky behaviors of driver. Within the scope of the present study, the effects of listening to music while driving, driver impulsivity and the risk level of traffic environment on risk perception and driver behaviors were investigated. Data were collected from 50 drivers (37 males, 13 females). Participants were randomly assigned to two groups before the study, one with experimental condition and one with control condition. Participants completed a battery consisting of two different (low and high risk) simulation scenarios, the demographic information form, the risk perception question, and the Impulsive Driver Scale. Unlike music, dysfunctional impulsivity had a significant relationship with driver behaviors in two traffic environments with different risk levels. Individuals with high dysfunctional impulsivity showed higher speed in high-risk and low-risk scenarios and showed higher speed variance, used the vehicle to the left of the lane, and showed more lane deviation in high-risk scenarios. Findings showed that dysfunctional impulsivity is one of the factors affecting driver behaviors in different traffic environments and needed to be investigated more with respect to road safety.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• music
• impulsive driving
• risk level
• risk perception
• driver behaviors

Kaynakça

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