UYGHUR FORCED LABOR AND ITS RELATIONS WITH GLOBAL SUPPLY CHAINS

Öz

The Uyghur region is located in the center of wider Eurasia. It is important because of its long history, deep-rooted civilization, and richness of natural resources including underground and surface. In addition, the region is considered one of the industrial hubs and attracts attention with its critical geopolitical location. After occupying the region at the end of 1949, China not only exploited the economic resources of East Turkestan but also continued to implement a policy of assimilation and oppression towards the region and its people. In particular, China is rapidly rising economically, commercially, militarily, and technologically in the 21st century. Beijing has accumulated enormous state resources and depending on it has been committing genocide against the Uygur region and its people. With the help of high technologies, it took the region under strict control. It sent millions of Turks and Muslims including Uyghurs, Kazakhs, Kyrgyz, and Uzbeks to concentration camps, forced labor camps, and prisons. Here, China was not satisfied with its attempts at brainwashing and depersonalization but continued to exploit the labor of prisoners and gain enormous economic profits from it. Turks and Muslims are subjected to modern slave workers employed as the cheap labor force. They have been marketed not only by Chinese-backed national companies but also by private businesses in various parts of China. Moreover, many international companies have also become complicit in China's inhumane practices, choosing economic interests over human rights and laws, thus making Uyghur forced labor part of the global production chain.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uyghur Forced Labor
• East Turkistan
• China
• Modern Slavery
• Global Production Chain.

UYGURLARIN ZORLA ÇALIŞTIRILMASI VE KÜRESEL TEDARİK ZİNCİRLERİNDE İNSAN HAKLARI İKİLEMİ

Öz

Geniş Avrasya’nın merkezinde yer alan Uygur bölgesi uzun tarihi, köklü medeniyeti, zengin yer altı ve yer üstü kaynakları açısından önem arz eder. Ayrıca bölge önemli sanayi merkezi ve sahip olduğu kritik jeopolitik konumuyla da dikkat çeker. Çin 1949 yılın son çeyreğinde bölgeyi işgal ettikten sonra Doğu Türkistan’ın ekonomik kaynaklarını sömürmekle kalmamış aynı anda bölgeye ve bölge halkına yönelik asimile ve baskı politikası uygulamayı sürdürmüştür. Özellikle 21.yüzyılda ekonomik, ticari, askeri ve teknolojik açıdan hızla yükselen Çin, sahip olduğu devlet imkânlarıyla bölgeye ve bölge halkına yönelik adeta soykırım uygulamıştır. Yüksek teknolojilerin yardımıyla bölgeyi sıkı denetim altına almış, milyonlarca Uygur, Kazak, Kırgız ve Özbek başta olmak üzere Türk ve Müslümanları toplama kampları, zorla çalıştırma kampları ve hapishanelere sevk etmiştir. Buralarda Çin beyin yıkama ve benliksizleştirme girişimleriyle yetinmeyip tutukluların emeklerini sömürmeye ve ekonomik kazanç elde etmeye devam etmiştir. Ucuz emek gücü olarak çalıştırılan modern köle işçi durumundaki Türk ve Müslümanlar sadece Çin destekli ulusal şirketler tarafından değil Çin’in çeşitli bölgelerindeki işletmelerce de pazarlanmıştır. Ayrıca uluslararası şirketler de insan hak ve hukukları yerine ekonomik çıkarları tercih ederek Çin’in insanlık dışı uygulamalarına ortak olmuş ve böylece Uygur zorla çalıştırma küresel üretim zincirinin de bir parçasına dönüşmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Uygur Zorla Çalıştırma
• Doğu Türkistan
• Çin
• Modern Kölelik
• Küresel Üretim Zinciri.

Kaynakça

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