TEL EREZYON, LAZER IŞINI VE PLAZMA ARK KESME İŞLEMLERİNİN MEKANİK ve MİKROYAPISAL BAKIMINDAN KARŞILAŞTIRILMASI

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 97 - 107, 29.12.2022

Gürkan İrsel , Betül Nur Güzey , Bilgin Kara

Öz

Bu çalışmada lazer, plazma ve Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) ile kesme yöntemleri S355JR yapısal çeliği ve Hardox 450 martensitic çeliğin kesilmesi ile deneysel olarak araştırılmıştır. Kesme işlemlerinin maliyet, üretim hızı, kenar kalitesi, yüzey kalitesi ve üretim toleranslarına etkisi sunulmuştur. Kesilmiş numunelerde kesim yönteminin etkisiyle oluşan mekanik ve mikroyapısal etkiler araştırılmıştır. Endüstride lazer ışını, plazma arkı kesme yöntemleri yaygın olarak kullanılmaktadır. WEDM yöntemi ise bu iki yönteme göre daha kısıtlı bir kullanım alanına sahiptir. S355JR ve Hardox 450 çeliklerinden bu üç yöntemle kesilen numunelerin mukavemet değerlerinin kesme işlemine bağlı olarak çekme ve eğme dayanımlarını etkilediği görülmüştür. WEDM, lazer ve plazma yöntemleri ile kesilen yüzeylerde tespit edilen maksimum sertlik değerleri sırasıyla 435, 440 ve 481 HV’dir. Plazma kesimde 8 mm kalınlığındaki sacların kesilen yüzeylerinde 5 ± 0.72° dikey eğim (koniklik) meydana gelirken lazer kesimde 0.3 ± 0.15° dikey eğim meydana geldiği tespit edildi. WEDM yönteminde ise kesilen kenarda bu biçimde koniklik oluşmadığı tespit edilmiştir. Kesim yüzeyi incelendiğinde boyutsal toleranslar ve yüzey pürüzlüğü başarısı bakımından tel erezyon, lazer, plazma kesme yöntemi biçiminde sıralanabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Malzeme kesme teknolojileri, Lazer ışını, Plazma ark kesim

MECHANICAL AND MICROSTRUCTURAL COMPARISON OF WIRE ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE MACHINING, LASER BEAM AND PLASMA ARC CUTTING PROCESSES

Öz

In this study, laser, plasma, and Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) cutting methods were experimentally investigated by cutting S355JR structural steel and Hardox 450 martensitic steel. The effects of cutting processes on production speed, edge quality, surface quality and production tolerances are presented. The mechanical and microstructural effects of the cutting method on the cut samples were investigated. Laser beam, plasma arc cutting methods are widely used in industry. The WEDM method, on the other hand, has a more limited area of use compared to these two methods. It has been observed that the strength values of the samples cut from S355JR and Hardox 450 steels with these three methods affect the tensile and bending strengths depending on the cutting process. The maximum hardness values detected on the surfaces cut by WEDM, laser and plasma methods are 435, 440 and 481 HV, respectively. It was determined that 5 ± 0.72° vertical inclination (conicity) occurred on the cut surfaces of 8 mm thick sheets in plasma cutting, while a vertical inclination of 0.3 ± 0.15° occurred in laser cutting. In the WEDM method, it was determined that the cut edge did not form in this way. When the cut surface is examined, it can be sorted as Wire electrical discharge machining, plasma cutting, laser method in terms of dimensional tolerances and surface roughness success.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Malzeme kesme teknolojileri, Lazer ışını, Plazma ark kesim

Kaynakça

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