Toplumsal Cinsiyet İletişimi ve Liderlik: Yönetim Düzeyinde Nitel Bir Araştırma

Öz

Kadınlar tarihsel süreç içinde yönetim pozisyonlarında her zamankinden daha fazla görev alsa da hala dünyanın birçok ülkesinde kadının yönetim süreçlerinde yeterli düzeyde söz sahibi olmadığı görülmektedir. Toplumsal cinsiyet iletişiminde ortaya çıkabilecek sorunlar veya toplumsal cinsiyet konusundaki stereotipler kadınların kariyer gelişimlerindeki engellerden biri olarak tanımlanabilir. Bu bağlamda, bu çalışmanın amacı, cinsiyete dayalı iletişim rollerini, davranış kalıplarını, erkek ve kadın liderlerin birbirlerine yönelik algılarına dayalı olarak üst düzey yöneticiler arasındaki iletişim yetkinliklerini ve engellerini keşfetmektedir. Çalışmada, kadın ve erkek yöneticilerin birbirlerini iletişim ve liderlik rolleri anlamında nasıl değerlendirdiklerini yorumlamak amacıyla yarı yapılandırılmış sorulara dayalı nitel analiz yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Yalnızca önemli kavramların kodlanması yerine, daha derin bir anlayış elde etmek için tam görüşmeleri içeren gömülü kodlama sürecini takiben, kodların benzerliklerini araştıran kümeleme analizi uygulanmış ve Türkiye’deki büyük ölçekli kurumsal şirketlerde cinsiyet iletişimi ve farklılıkları derinlemesine irdelenmiştir. Bulgular, Türkye’deki kurumsal şirketlerde toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı rollerin ve toplumsal cinsiyete dayalı kalıp yargıların literatürle uyumlu olduğunu göstermekle birlikte yeni örüntüleri de ortaya koymaktadır. Bu bağlamda kadınların iletişim becerilerine ilişkin farkındalıkları artmış olsa da kabul ettikleri bazı toplumsal cinsiyet kalıplarının varlığını koruduğu ve kabul gördüğü gözlemlenmiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Toplumsal Cinsiyet İletişimi
• Cinsiyet stereotipleri
• Cinsiyet Eşitsizliği
• Liderlik Tarzları
• Lider İletişimi

Gender Communication and Leadership: A Qualitative Research in Managerial Level

Öz

As a result of women’s struggles over the years, more women than ever are entering the labor force and taking senior management positions but the representation of women in managerial processes is still limited in almost all countries. Gender stereotypes or the problems that may arise in gender communication can be defined as one of the obstacles in women’s career process. In this context, the aim of this study was to discover the communication competencies and barriers among senior managers based on gender communication language, behavioral patterns, and perceptions of male and female leaders toward each other. The study employed qualitative analysis based on semi-structured questions to interpret how female and male executives evaluate each other. Instead of coding only important concepts, a grounded coding process that involved full interviews was permitted to acquire a deeper understanding was applied. After finalizing the coding process, cluster analysis that explores the similarities of the codes was applied, and this enabled a deep understanding of gender differences within large-scale corporate companies in Turkey. Findings show that gender-based roles and gender stereotypes in corporate companies in Turkish society are compatible with the literature, but also reveal new patterns. Although women’s awareness of their communication skills has increased, it is seen that there are still some gender stereotypes that they accept.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Gender Communication
• Gender Stereotyping
• Gender Inequality
• Leadership Styles
• Leadership Communication

Kaynakça

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