Determination of antioxidant activity and phenolic content of Lupinus albus L. (white bitter lupin, tirmiye) grown in different regions of Türkiye by RP-HPLC-PDA

Öz

Lupinus albus L. (white bitter lupin) is an important legume species widely cultivated in the Mediterranean region. This study aimed to comparatively evaluate the antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of L. albus samples collected from different regions of Türkiye. Samples were obtained from Konya (Central, Akşehir, Doğanhisar), Isparta (Central), and Burdur (Central). Total phenolic content, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activities of samples were determined using FRAP and DPPH assays. Additionally, the qualitative and quantitative profiles of phenolic compounds were analyzed by RP-HPLC-PDA. The total phenolic content was determined to be in the range of 1.955–2.471 mg GAE/g, whereas flavonoids were not detected in any of the samples. The results demonstrated that Lupinus albus L. extracts exhibited notable antioxidant activity, with FRAP values ranging from 1.135 to 1.947 µmol Fe²⁺/g and DPPH (SC₅₀) values ranging from 37.979 to 56.595. The phenolic composition analysis revealed the presence of major compounds including p-hydroxybenzoic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, chrysin, pinocembrin, and galangin. Overall, the results indicate that L. albus exhibits moderate antioxidant potential despite its relatively low phenolic content, and its phenolic composition is influenced by geographical origin.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lupinus albus L.
• antioxidant activity
• DPPH
• FRAP
• phenolic content

Türkiye’nin farklı bölgelerinde yetiştirilen Lupinus albus L. (beyaz acı lupin, tirmiye)’nin antioksidan aktivitesi ve fenolik içeriğinin RP-HPLC-PDA ile belirlenmesi

Öz

Lupinus albus L. (beyaz acı lupin), Akdeniz bölgesinde yaygın olarak yetiştirilen önemli bir baklagil türüdür. Bu çalışma, Türkiye'nin farklı bölgelerinden toplanan L. albus örneklerinin antioksidan kapasitesini ve fenolik bileşimini karşılaştırmalı olarak değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Örnekler Konya (Merkez, Akşehir, Doğanhisar), Isparta (Merkez) ve Burdur'dan (Merkez) alınmıştır. Örneklerin toplam fenolik içeriği, toplam flavonoid içeriği ve antioksidan aktiviteleri FRAP ve DPPH testleri kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Ek olarak, fenolik bileşiklerin kalitatif ve kantitatif profilleri RP-HPLC-PDA ile analiz edilmiştir. Toplam fenolik içeriğin 1,955–2,471 mg GAE/g aralığında olduğu belirlenirken, örneklerin hiçbirinde flavonoid tespit edilmemiştir. Sonuçlar, Lupinus albus L. özlerinin, 1,135 ila 1,947 µmol Fe²⁺/g arasında değişen FRAP değerleri ve 37,979 ila 56,595 arasında değişen DPPH (SC₅₀) değerleri ile kayda değer antioksidan aktivite sergilediğini göstermiştir. Fenolik bileşim analizi, p-hidroksibenzoik asit, p-kumarik asit, ferulik asit,krisin, pinosembrin ve galangin dahil olmak üzere başlıca bileşiklerin varlığını ortaya koymuştur. Genel olarak, sonuçlar L. albus'un nispeten düşük fenolik içeriğine rağmen orta düzeyde antioksidan potansiyel sergilediğini ve fenolik bileşiminin coğrafi kökenden etkilendiğini göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Lupinus albus L.
• antioksidan aktivite
• DPPH
• FRAP
• fenolik içerik

Kaynakça

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