Herbicide Resistance from First Reports to the Present Day: Global Trends and Integrated Weed Management Approaches

Öz

Herbicides are among the most widely used methods in modern agriculture for controlling weeds. However, the intensive use of herbicides over many years, mostly with active ingredients possessing the same mode of action, has led to the emergence and rapid spread of herbicide resistance in weed populations. Today, herbicide resistance is recognized as a major problem that negatively affects agricultural production and yield. In this review, cases of resistance recorded in the International Herbicide-Resistant Weed Database (www.weedscience.org) were examined based on global data on herbicide resistance in weeds. The study evaluated the change in herbicide resistance over the years based on countries, modes of action, active ingredients, weed species, and crop plants; it revealed in which production systems and herbicide groups resistance is concentrated. The data obtained show that resistance to commonly used modes of action, such as ALS (Acetolactate synthase), EPSP (5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate), and PSII (Photosystem II) inhibitors, is frequently reported in many countries and that resistance to multiple modes of action has developed in some weed species. Consequently, it is evident that relying solely on chemical methods to manage herbicide resistance is insufficient. Therefore, it is important to adopt integrated weed management approaches that combine cultural, mechanical, biological, and chemical methods. This review aims to contribute to understanding the current situation regarding herbicide resistance and evaluating approaches to existing control methods.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Resistance mechanisms
• sustainable agriculture
• monitoring
• database
• mode of action

Kaynakça

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