Okul Öncesi Dönem Çocukları İçin Dijital Bağımlılık Ölçeği (ODBÖ): Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, 5-6 yaş okul öncesi çocuklarda dijital bağımlılığı değerlendirmek için geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı geliştirmektir. Bu araştırmada nicel araştırma türlerinden biri olan tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın evrenini, Türkiye'nin İç Anadolu Bölgesi'ndeki bir il merkezindeki 5-6 yaş grubu çocuklar oluşturmaktadır. Toplam 361 çocuk katıldı: 204'ü AFA'da (pilot çalışmada yer alan 65 çocuk dahil) ve 157'si CFA'da. Ayrıca 50 çocukla yapılan bir uygulama ile ölçüt geçerliği değerlendirilmiştir. Geçerlik ve güvenirlik değerlendirmeleri için önce Açımlayıcı Faktör Analizi (AFA), ardından Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi (DFA) yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin güvenirliği Cronbach's Alpha kullanılarak değerlendirilmiş ve 0.836 değerine ulaşılmıştır. Açıklanan toplam varyans %58,662 olarak bulunmuştur. Bu çalışmanın sonuçlarına dayanarak okul öncesi çocuklarda dijital bağımlılığı ölçmek için aşırı kullanım, kontrolsüz kullanım, bilinçsiz kullanım ve bırakamama olmak üzere dört boyutu kapsayan geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçek geliştirilmiştir. Bu bağlamda, mevcut çalışmada geliştirilen ölçek 5-6 yaş grubu okul öncesi çocuklarda dijital bağımlılığı değerlendirmek üzere özel olarak geliştirilen ilk ölçüm aracı olup verilerin doğrudan çocuklardan toplanmasına olanak tanımaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dijital bağımlılık
• Okul öncesi
• Ölçek geliştirme

Etik Beyan

Bu araştırma, Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Rektörlüğü Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırma Önerisi Etik Değerlendirme Kurulu'nun 30/04/2023 tarihli ve E-50704946-100-290374 sayılı kararıyla onaylanmıştır. Planlama ve uygulamadan veri toplama ve analizine kadar tüm süreçte "Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiği Yönergesi"nde belirtilen tüm kurallara uyulmuştur. Yönergenin ikinci bölümü olan "Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Etiğine Aykırı Davranışlar"da belirtilen hiçbir eylemde bulunulmamıştır. Bu araştırmanın yazım sürecinde bilimsel, etik ve atıf kurallarına uyulmuş ve toplanan verilerde hiçbir tahrifat yapılmamıştır. Bu çalışma başka hiçbir akademik yayında değerlendirilmek üzere sunulmamıştır.

Digital Addiction Scale for Preschoolers (DASP): A Validity and Reliability Study

Öz

The objective of this study is to develop a valid and reliable measurement tool to assess digital addiction in preschool children aged 5-6 years. The survey model, one of the quantitative research designs, was used in this research. The study population consists of children aged 5-6 from a provincial center in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. A total of 361 children participated: 204 in the EFA (including 65 in the pilot) and 157 in the CFA. Additionally, criterion validity was assessed through an additional application involving 50 children. An Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was conducted first to assess validity and reliability, followed by a Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The scale's reliability was evaluated using Cronbach's Alpha, which yielded a value of 0.836. The total explained variance was found to be 58.662%. Based on the results of this study, the DASP was developed as a valid and reliable scale for measuring digital addiction in preschool children, comprising four dimensions: excessive use, uncontrolled use, unconscious use, and inability to quit. Within this context, the scale developed in the present study represents the first measurement tool specifically designed to assess digital addiction among preschool children aged 5–6 years and enables data collection directly from the children.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Digital addiction
• Preschool
• Scale development

Etik Beyan

This research has been approved by the ethics committee of the Sivas Cumhuriyet University Rectorate Educational Sciences Research Proposal Ethics Evaluation Board, dated 30/04/2023, with decision number E-50704946-100-290374. All rules specified in the " Directive of Scientific Research and Publication Ethics in Higher Education Institutions" were adhered to throughout the entire process, from planning and implementation to data collection and analysis. None of the actions specified in the second section of the directive, "Actions Contrary to Scientific Research and Publication Ethics," was taken. Scientific, ethical, and citation rules were adhered to throughout the writing process of this research, and no falsification of the collected data was made. This study has not been submitted for evaluation to any other academic publication.

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