Noise Map of My School: A Case Study

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 2, 379 - 402, 23.01.2020

Gamze Alp Nermin Bulunuz Berna Onan Mızrap Bulunuz

https://doi.org/10.19171/uefad.679310

Cited By: 1

Öz

Noise - sound waves with high energy - is a significant element influencing the school climate today. The research took place in two primary schools in Bursa in the 2016-2017 academic year. Pre-service teachers were instructed about the process, who conducted the “Noise Map” activity with 4th-grade students in primary schools. The purpose is to describe the condition regarding noise by students, teachers and pre-service teachers through their experiences and views. Data collection tools consisted of participant journals, observation forms, teacher and student interview forms and noise maps. Case study and ‘holistic single-unit design’ were used as qualitative research methods. The 7E Model, a constructivist education approach, was used to analyse the data descriptively. Findings show that teachers, students and pre-service teachers developed an awareness of noise, gave suggestions to prevent it and experienced a scientific study. One remarkable result of the study is that due to the activity, students learned to associate noise with other disciplines and daily life. The scope of the activity can be extended to include research out of class, and learning with social experiments. Awareness can be transformed into permanent behaviour through periodic repetition and diversifying materials.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Noise, noise pollution, school

Okulumun Gürültü Haritası: Bir Durum Çalışması

Öz

Gürültü, günümüzde okul iklimini etkileyen önemli unsurlardan biri olup, yüksek enerjiye sahip ses dalgaları olarak adlandırılmaktadır. Araştırma 2016-2017 Eğitim-Öğretim yılında Bursa’da iki ilkokulda yürütülmüştür. Bu çalışma kapsamında oluşturulan etkinlik hakkında öğretmen adayları bilgilendirilmiş ve ilköğretim okullarına giderek 4. sınıf öğrencilerine “Gürültü Haritası” etkinliğini uygulamışlardır. Araştırmada gürültüye maruz kalan paydaşların deneyim ve görüşleriyle, gürültüye ilişkin durumun öğrenci, öğretmen, öğretmen adayları tarafından betimlenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Katılımcı günlüğü, gözlem formu, öğretmen ve öğrenci görüşme formu ile gürültü haritaları veri toplama araçları olarak kullanılmıştır. Araştırmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden durum çalışması ve ‘bütüncül tek durum deseni’ kullanılmış, veriler betimsel olarak analiz edilmiş ve analize yön veren kuramsal çerçevede yapılandırmacı yaklaşımın öğretim modellerinden biri olan 7E Modeli kullanılmıştır. Bulgular öğretmen, öğrenci ve öğretmen adaylarında gürültü farkındalığı oluştuğunu, gürültüye önlem alma noktasında önerilerde bulunup, bilimsel çalışma deneyimi yaşadıklarını göstermektedir. Öğrencilerin etkinlik yoluyla gürültüyü diğer disiplinler ve günlük yaşam ile ilişkilendirmesi araştırmanın dikkat çekici sonuçları arasındadır. Ders dışında da araştırmaya yönlendirme ve sosyal deney şeklinde öğrenmeye öncülük etmesi açısından, etkinliğin kapsamı geliştirilerek uygulanabilir. Farkındalıkların kalıcı davranışlara dönüşebilmesi için belirli dönemlerde tekrarlanarak, materyal değişiklikleri ile etkinlik güçlendirilebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

görültü, görültü kirliliği, okul

Kaynakça

• Atasoy, Ş., Tekbıyık, A., & Gülay, A. (2013). The Effect of Concept Cartoons on Understanding of Sound Concept of Fifth Grade Students. Journal of Turkish Science Education, 10(1), 176-196. https://www.pegem.net/dosyalar/dokuman/ 138821-20140124114343-11.pdf Babisch, W., Schulz, C., Seiwert, M. & Conrad, A. (2012). Noise Annoyance as Reported by 8 -to 14-Year-Old Children. Environment and Behavior, 44(1),68-86. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916510387400 Başar, H. (2014). School Management. Ankara: Anı Publishing. Bulunuz, N. (2014). Noise Pollution in Turkish Elementary Schools: Evaluation of Noise Pollution Awareness and Sensivity Training. International Journal of Environmental and Science Education, 9(2), 345-360. https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/EJ1031443.pdf Bulunuz, N., Bulunuz, M., Orbak, Y., Mutlu, N. & Tavşanlı, Ö.F. (2017). An Evaluation of Primary School Students’ Views about Noise Levels in School. International Electronic Journal of Elementary Education, 9(4), 725-740. https://www.iejee.com/index.php/IEJEE/article/ view/281/274 Bulunuz, M., Bulunuz, N., & Kelmendi-Tuncal (2017). Assessment of Noise Level in a School wıth Acoustic Improvement. Journal of Theory and Practice in Education, 13(4), 637-658. http://acikerisim.lib .comu.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/handle/COMU/1760/m%C4%B1zrap%20bulunuz%20makale.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y Bulunuz M., Güner, F. (2017). Evaluation of Noise Levels at Schools Based on Teacher Opınıons: An Example from France and Turkey. Turkish Studies International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish or Turkic Volume, 12(35), 69-87. http://dx.doi.org/10.7827/TurkishStudies.12357 Bulunuz, M., Ovalı, D.E., İri-Çıkrıkçı, A. & Mutlu, E. (2017). An Evaluation of Educational Practices Concerning Noise Level and Noise Control in Nursery School: An Action Research. Education and Science, 42(192), 211-232. http://dx.doi.org/10.15390/EB.2017.7215 Choi, C.Y., & McPherson, B. (2005). Noise levels in Hong Kong Primary Schools: Implications for classroom listening. International Journal of Disability, Development and Education, 52(4), 345-360. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 10349120500348714 Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Research Methods. Ankara: Siyasal Publishing. Çelik, V. (2002). School Management. Ankara: Nobel Publishing. Engin, A. O., Özen, Ş. & Bayoğlu, V. (2009). Some Basing Variables Influencing The Students’ School Learning Successes. Kafkas University Journal of the Institute of Social Sciences, 1(3), 125-156. http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/sbedergi/ article/viewFile/5000120134/5000110809 Eisenkraft, A. (2003). Expanding the 5E Model. The Science Teacher, 70(6), 56-59. Eshach, H. (2014). Development of a Student-Centered İnstrument to Assess Middle School Students Conceptual Understanding of Sound. Physical Review Physics Education Research, 10(1), 010102. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevSTPER.10.010102 Güler, A., Halıcıoğlu, M.B. & Taşğın, S. (2013). Qualitative Research Methods in Social Studies. Ankara: Seçkin Publishing. Houle M. E., & Barnett G. M. (2008). Students’ Conceptions of Sound Waves Resulting from the Enactment of a New Technology-Enhanced Inquiry-Based Curriculum on Urban Bird Communication. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 17(3), 242-251. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-008-9094-6 Hunashal, R.B. & Patil, Y. B. (2012). “Assessment of noise pollution indices in the city of Kolhapur, India”. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences. 37, 448-457. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.03.310 Grebennikov, L. (2006). Preschool teachers’ exposure to classroom noise. International Journal of Early Years Education, 14(1), 35-44. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669760500446382 Hernandez, M. I. , Couso D., & Pinto R (2012). The Analysis of Students ‘Conceptions as a for Designing a Teaching/Learning Sequence on the Acoustic Properties of Materials. Journal of Science Education and Technology, 21(6), 702-712. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10956-011-9358-4 Jaramillo, A. M., Ermann, M. & Miller, P. (2013). The teachers perspective on noise in the classroom. Proceedings of Meetings on Acoustics, 19(1), 040126. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4799985 Jaramillo, A. M. (2014). What do teachers think about noise in the classroom? The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 135(4), 2379-2379. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.4877855 Klatte, M., Lachmann, T., Schlittmeier, S. & Hellbrück, J. (2010). The irrelevant sound effect in short-term memory: Is there developmental change? European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 22(8), 1168-1191. https://doi.org/10.1080/ 09541440903378250 Klatte, M., Bergström, K. & Lachmann, T. (2013). Does noise affect learning? A short review on noise effects on cognitive performance in children. Front Psychol, 4, 578. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00578 MEB. (2018). Science Curriculum (Primary and Secondary School, 3-8. Grade Levels) Ministry of Education: Board of Education and Training Board, Ankara. http://mufredat.meb.gov.tr/ProgramDetay. aspx?PID=325 Merriam, S. B. (2013). Oualitative research a guide to design and implementation. (S. Turan, translate eds). Ankara: Nobel Publishing. Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2016). Definition of community. http://www.learnersdictionary.com/ Ministry of Environment and Urban Planning (2010). Environmental Noise Directive [END], Official newspaper. Number: 27601. http://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/ eskiler/2010/06/20100604-5.htm Özgüven-Savcı, İ., Z. (2015). A Field Study To Review Sound Quality And Speech Intelligibility In Elementary School Buildings, Published Master’s Thesis, Istanbul Technical University, Institute of Science and Technology, Istanbul, Turkey. http://dspace.itu.edu.tr/bitstream/11527/14293/1/10066735.pdf Patton, M. Q. (2014). Qualitative research and evaluation methods.(Trans. Eds. M. Bütün & SB Demir). Ankara: Pegem Akademy. Polat, S., & Buluş-Kırıkkaya, E. (2007). Sound levels in primary and secondary schools. İzolasyon Dergisi, 66, 78-82. http://www.izoder.org.tr/dergilerimiz Schlittmeier, S. J., Hellbrück, J., & Klatte, M. (2008). Does irrelevant music cause an irrelevant sound effect for auditory items? European Journal of Cognitive Psychology, 20(2), 252-271. https://doi.org/10.1080/09541440701427838 Sözen, M., & Bolat, M. (2011). Determining the misconceptions of primary school students related to sound transmission through drawing. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 15, 1060-1066. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/251713636_Determining_the_misconceptions_of_primary_school_students_related_to_sound_transmission_through_drawing Şahin, K., Şahin, A. & Bağcı, H. R. (2014). Noise Pollution at Some Schools Sinop City and Its Surroundings. Studies of the Ottoman Domain, 4(6), 20-31. http://dergipark.ulakbim.gov.tr/ohsc/article/view/5000141779/ 5000129608 Şentürk, C., & Sağnak, M. (2012). The Relationship between Leadership Behaviors and School Climate of Elementary School Principals. The Journal of Turkish Educational Sciences, 10(1), 29-47. http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/256492 Taş, S., (2010). An Innovative Educational Approach: School Without Bells. SDU Faculty of Arts and Sciences Journal of Social Sciences, (22), 207-226. http://dergipark.gov.tr/download/article-file/117917 Teker S., Kurt M., Karamustafaoğlu O.(2017) The Effect of Students’ Attitude and Success of "Propagation of Light and Sound'' Unit Through Discovery Learning, Adiyaman University Journal of Social Sciences, 10(27), 835-863. http://dx.doi.org/10.14520/adyusbd.294931 Tüzel, S. (2013). The Impact of Classroom Intensity on the Cognitive Performance of the Listening Process. Eğitimde Kuram ve Uygulama, 9(4),363-378. http://acikerisim.lib.comu.edu.tr:8080/xmlui/bitstream/ handle/COMU/1144/Sait_T%C3%BCzel_Makale.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y World Health Organization (2016). Children and noise: Children’s Healthand the Environment. WHO Training Package for the Health Sector. http://www.who.int/ceh/capacity/noise Yıldırım, A., & Şimşek, H. (2016). Qualitative Research Methods in the Social Sciences. (10th edition) Ankara: Seçkin Publishing. Yin R. K. (2014). Case Study Research: Design and Methods. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE. Yokuş-Sevük H.(2013). Environmental Law- Conservation of the Natural Environment. Ankara: Adalet Publishing.