Sırbistan-Kosova İlişkilerinin Normalleşmesinde Avrupa Birliği’nin Rolü

Öz

Bu makalenin amacı Sırbistan-Kosova ilişkilerinin normalleşmesinde Avrupa Birliği’nin (AB) nasıl bir rol oynadığını incelemektir. Çalışma, öncelikle, Sırbistan’da Avrupalılaşma fikrinin zayıf olması ve pek olumlu olmaması, Milošević rejiminin yöneticilerinin Milošević sonrası dönemde de yerlerini koruması, Sırbistan’da Avrupalılaşma taraftarı elitlerin zayıflığı, ülkede Batı’ya ve AB’ye karşı var olan güvensizlik, Rusya’nın ülkedeki siyasi ve ekonomik etkisi ve devlet ve toplum inşa etmenin Sırbistan’ın enerjisinin ve zamanının büyük bir kısmını almasının Sırbistan’ın Avrupalılaşmasının gecikmesine yol açtığını, bunun da AB’nin Kosova meselesinde oynadığı rolü geciktirdiğini iddia etmektedir. Bunun yanında makale, AB’nin Priştine ve Belgrad’ı müzakereler için bir araya getirmeyi başarmış olmasına ve müzakereler sonucunda Sırbistan ve Kosova’nın Brüksel anlaşmalarını imzalamalarına rağmen bu anlaşmaların uygulanmasının tam olarak başarılı olamaması nedeniyle Belgrad-Priştine ilişkilerinin normalleşmesinde AB’nin kısmi bir başarıya sahip olduğunu ileri sürmektedir. Makalede yöntem olarak nitel yöntemlere başvurulmuştur. Birincil kaynaklar (liderlerin konuşmaları ve kurumların yaptıkları açıklamalar vb.) taranmış ve elde edilen bilgiler ikincil kaynaklara (kitaplar, araştırma raporları, akademik dergi makaleleri, analizler vb.) başvurularak yorumlanmaya çalışılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• AB Aracılığı
• Avrupalılaşma
• Sırbistan
• Kosova
• Normalleşme

The Role of the European Union in the Normalization of Serbia-Kosovo Relations

Abstract

The aim of this article is to examine the role played by the European Union (EU) in the normalization of relations between Serbia and Kosovo. The study argues that several factors have delayed Serbia’s Europeanization such as the EU’s involvement in the Kosovo issue: the weak and often negative perception of Europeanization in Serbia, the continued presence of officials from the Milošević regime in the post-Milošević era, the weakness of pro-European elites, the prevailing mistrust towards the West and the EU within the country, the political and economic impact of Russia in the country and the fact that state- and nation-building have consumed much of Serbia’s time and energy. In addition, the article suggests that although the EU succeeded in bringing Pristina and Belgrade to the negotiating table and led to the signing of the Brussels Agreements between Serbia and Kosovo, the failure to fully implement these agreements means that the EU has only achieved partial success in normalizing Belgrade-Pristina relations. The methodology of the article is based on qualitative research methods. Primary sources (such as speeches by leaders and statements from institutions) were reviewed, and the information obtained was interpreted with reference to secondary sources (such as books, research reports, academic journal articles, and analyses).

Keywords

• EU Mediation
• Europeanization
• Serbia
• Kosovo
• Normalization

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