ALMAN DÜŞÜNCE KURULUŞU BİLİM VE SİYASET VAKFI’NIN (STİFTUNG WİSSENSCHAFT UND POLİTİK) DIŞ POLİTİKADAKİ ETKİNLİĞİ / Effectiveness Of The German Think Tank Science And Politics Foundation (Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik) In Foreign Policy

Öz

Küresel olarak faaliyet göstermekte olan düşünce kuruluşları gerçekleştirmiş oldukları entelektüel faaliyetler ile devletlere ya da çeşitli uluslararası yapılara yönelik rehberler hazırlamakta ya da dış politika önerileri oluşturarak etkide bulunmaktadırlar. Bu çalışma düşünce kuruluşlarının dış politika üzerindeki rollerini bir Alman düşünce kuruluşu olan Bilim ve Siyaset Vakfı örneği ile değerlendirme amacını taşımaktadır. Bu bağlamda dış politikada aktif bir role sahip olan Bilim ve Siyaset Vakfı’nın Avrupa Birliği dış politikasını nasıl etkilediği analiz edilmeye çalışılmıştır. Çalışmada betimsel analiz yöntemi ile mevcut kaynaklar üzerinden ilgili düşünce kuruluşunun dış politika üzerindeki etkisi ortaya konmaya çalışılmış ve analiz edilmiştir. Bir düşünce kuruluşu olan Bilim ve Siyaset Vakfı’nın dış politika bağlamında Avrupa Birliği üzerinde etkisinin oldukça yüksek olduğu ve Almanya’nın Avrupa Birliği’nin dış politikası içerisinde liderliğini pekiştirmiş olduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Dış Politika
• Düşünce Kuruluşları
• Avrupa Birliği
• Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik
• Almanya

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE GERMAN THINK TANK SCIENCE AND POLITICS FOUNDATION (STİFTUNG WİSSENSCHAFT UND POLİTİK) IN FOREIGN POLICY / Alman Düşünce Kuruluşu Bilim Ve Siyaset Vakfı’nın (Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik) Dış Politikadaki Etkinliği

Öz

Think tanks that operate globally, prepare guidelines for states or various international structures with their intellectual activities, or act by creating policy recommendations. This study aims to evaluate the role of think tanks on foreign policy with the case of Science and Politics Foundation, a German think tank. In this context, the effect of the Science and Politics Foundation, which has an active role in foreign policy, on foreign policy of the European Union was analyzed. In the study, the effect of the relevant think tank on foreign policy was tried to be revealed and analyzed through the descriptive analysis method over the available resources. It has been concluded that the Science and Politics Foundation, which is a think tank, has a very high impact the European Union in the context of foreign policy and that Germany has reinforced its leadership in the foreign policy of the European Union.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Foreign Policy
• Think Thanks
• European Union
• Stiftung Wissenschaft Und Politik
• Germany

Kaynakça

1. Aksoy, M. (2018). Alman Vakıfları ve Dış Politika Tarihi, Etkisi ve Gücü. Ankara: Nobel.
2. Anderson, G., P. De La Cruz, and A. Lopez (2017). New Governance and New Knowledge Brokers: Think Tanks and Universities as Boundary Organizations. Peabody Journal of Education, 92(1), 4.15.
3. Angenendt, S., A. Koch (2019). How Germany Can Benefit from the Global Compact for Migration Opportunities for National Reforms and International Cooperation. SWP Comments, 37, 1-4.
4. Atlantik-Brücke (t.y.). Erişim adresi: https://www.atlantik-bruecke.org/en/
5. Bendiek, A., R. Bossong (2019). Shifting Boundaries of the EU's Foreign and Security Policy: A Challenge to the Rule of Law. (SWP Research Paper, 12/2019). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. https://doi.org/10.18449/2019RP12.
6. Bertelsmann Stiftung (t.y.). Erişim adresi: https://www.bertelsmann-stiftung.de/de/startseite
7. Bonn International Center for Conversion (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.bicc.de/
8. Brozus, L. (Ed.) (2016). Unexpected, Unforeseen, Unplanned: Scenarios of International Foreign and Security Policy’’ (SWP Research Paper, 1/2016). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-459782.

9. Bundesakademie für Sicherheitspolitik (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.baks.bund.de/
10. Büyükbay, C. (2017). Almanya’nın AB İçerisindeki Liderlik Rolü: Uluslararası Krizler Bağlamında Dış Politikada Süreklilik ve Değişim. Ege Stratejik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(1), 19-38.
11. Cambridge Dictionary, (t.y.). Retrieved from https://dictionary.cambridge.org /tr/s%C3%B6zl% C3%BCk/ingilizce/think-tank.
12. Centrum für angewandte Politikforschung (t.y.) Erişim adresi: https://www.cap-lmu.de/
13. Deutsche Gesellschaft für Auswartige Politik/DGAP (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://dgap.org/en
14. Deutsche Welle Türkçe (2006), Erişim adresi: https://www.dw.com/tr/berlinde-t%C3%BCrkiye-kavgas%C4%B1/a-2520100, 09.12.2006.
15. Deutsche Welle Türkçe (2020), Erişim adresi: https://www.dw.com/tr/alman-h%C3%BCk%C3%BCmetinden-kalifiye-i%C5%9Fg%C3%BCc%C3%BC-i%C3%A7in-ulusal-uyum-plan%C4%B1/a-52114130, 22.01.2020 Deutsche-Französisches Institut (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.dfi.de/
16. Euronews, (2015). Erişim adresi: https://tr.euronews.com/2015/02/10/ukrayna-krizinin-kronolojisi
17. Ficher, S., O. Geden (2014). Moving Targets: Negotiations on the EU’s Energy and Climate Policy Objectives for the Post-2020 Period and Implications for the German Energy Transition. (SWP Research Paper, 3/2014). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. https://nbn-resolving.org/ urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-385585.
18. Freiherr von Der Ropp, K. (1986). Research Institute for International Affairs Ebenhausen (Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik). Verfassung und Recht in Übersee/Law and Politics in Asia and Latin Amerika, 19(2), 205-207.
19. Gellner, W. (1995). The Politics of Policy "Political Think Tanks" and Their Markets in the U.S.-Institutional Environment. Presidential Studies Quarterly, 25(3), 497-510.
20. Heywood. A. (2013). Küresel Siyaset, (N. Uslu ve H. Özdemir, Çev). Ankara, Adres Yayınları.
21. Hounsell. D. (2011). The Medium Is the Message, or How Context Matters: The RAND Corporation Builds an Economics of Innovation, 1946–1962. A. C. Hughes ve T. P. Hughes (Ed.) Systems, Experts, and Computers: The Systems Approach in Management and Engineering, World War II and After, Cambridge, Massachusetts; London, England: The MIT Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctt5vjs3h.1. (s.255-310)
22. Hudson, V. M. (2016). The History and Evolution of Foreign Policy Analysis, Foreign Policy Theories, Actors, Cases, S. Smith, A. Hadfied ve T. Dunne (Ed.), (3rd Edition), Oxford University Press, (s.13-34)
23. Institut für Entwicklung und Freiden (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.uni-due.de/inef/
24. Institut für Europaische Politik (t.y.), Erişim adresi: http://iep-berlin.de/
25. İnat, K. (2009). Birleşme Sonrasında Almanya’nın Dış Politikası: “Normalleşme”nin Son Adımları. Bilgi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 1, 1-37.
26. Karabulut, B. (2010). Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Think Tank Kuruluşları: Karşılaştırmalı Bir Analiz. Gazi ve Akademik Bakış, 4(7), 91-104.
27. Kelstrup, J. D. (2017). Quantitative Differences in Think Tank Dissemination Activities in Germany, Denmark, and the UK. Policy Sci, 50, 125-137.
28. Kempin, R.; N. von Ondarza, M. Overhouse (2011). Overcoming Strategic Ambivalence: Options for the Future Development of the Comman Security and Defence Policy’’, State of Play in European Entegration. A. Bendiek, B. Lippert ve D. Schwarzer (Ed.), Berlin, SWP Research Paper, 21-26.
29. Keskin, F. (2005). Modern Demokrasilerde Yeni Politik Seçkinler: Think Tankler ve Rolleri. Sosyoekonomi, 1(1), 45-59.
30. Kipp, D. (2018). From Exception to Rule: the EU Trust Fund for Africa (SWP Research Paper, 13/2018). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. https://nbn-resolving.org/ urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-61080-9.
31. Koch, A.; A. Weber, I. Werenfels (2018). Profiteers of Migration? Authoritarian States in Africa and European Migration Management (SWP Research Paper, RP 4/2018). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-58640-6.
32. Köllner, P. (2011). Think tanks: their development, global diversity and roles in international affairs. (GIGA Focus International Edition, 6). Hamburg: GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies - Leibniz-Institut für Globale und Regionale Studien. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-280170
33. Kramer, H. (2006). Turkey and EU: The EU’s Perspective. Insight Turkey, 8(4), 24-32.
34. Krastev, I. (2001). Think tanks: Making and faking influence, Southeast European and Black Sea Studies, 1(2),17-38, DOI: 10.1080/14683850108454635
35. Kronauer, J. (2016). Her Zaman Tetikte Yeni Alman Dünya Politikası, (N. Cihan, Çev). İstanbul: Yazılama Yayınevi. Leibniz-Institut Hessische Stiftung Friedens-und Konfliktforschung (t.y.) Erişim adresi: https://www.hsfk.de/
36. Maull, H. W. (2019). Global Disorder. Uluslararası İlişkiler, 16(63), 3-12.
37. Max-Plank-Gesellschaft (t.y.) Erişim adresi: https://www.mpg.de/de
38. McGann, J. (2011). Think Tanks: The Global, Regional and National Dimensions. Briefing Paper Special Issue, 8-15.
39. Mercator Institute for China Studies (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.merics.org/en
40. Oylupınar, H. (2015). Soğuk Savaş Sonundan Donbas Savaşı’na AB-Ukrayna İlişkileri. , Avrupa ve Avrupa Birliği, C. Dinç (Ed.), Ankara, Savaş Yayınevi, (s.521-544.)
41. Pastukhova, M.; K. Westphall (2016). A Common Energy Market in the Eurasian Economic Union: Implications for the European Union and Energy Relations with Russia (SWP Comment, 9/2016). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168ssoar-461594.
42. Pautz, H. (2010). Think Tanks in the United Kingdom and Germany: Actors in the Modernisation of Social Democracy. BJPIR, 12(2), 274-294.
43. Perez, M. (2014). Does EU Policymaking Allow for Skilful Networkers but Limited Knowledge Managers? The Think Tanks’ Tale. Int J Polit Cult Soc, 27, 323–342.
44. Perthes, V. (2011). Scientific Policy Advice and Foreign P olicymaking – Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik (SWP), the German Institute for International and Security Affairs. J. Lentsch ve P. Weingart (Ed.), The Politics of Scientific Advice Institutional Design for Quality Assurance, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 286-294.
45. Petrenko, I. (2019). The Features of German Think Tanks Development and Their Interactions with the Authorities. Ukrainian Policymaker, 5, 61-67.
46. RAND Corporation (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.rand.org
47. Raucher, A. (1978). The First Foreign Affairs Think Tanks. American Quarterly, 30(4), 493-514.
48. Speth, R. (2011). Think Tanks as New Channels of Influence Within the Political System of Germany. Briefing Paper Special Issue, 55-60.
49. Stewart, S. (2014). The EU, Russia and a less common neighbourhood: lessons reinforced by the Vilnius summit (SWP Comment, 3/2014). Berlin: Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik -SWP- Deutsches Institut für Internationale Politik und Sicherheit. https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:0168-ssoar-391308
50. Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.swp-berlin.org/en/brussels/about-us/
51. Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.swp-berlin.org/en/research-divisions/eueurope/
52. Stiftung Wissenschaft und Politik German Institute for International and Security Affairs (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.swp-berlin.org/en/swp-research-papers/
53. Stone, D. (2007). Public Policy Analysis and Think Tanks, F. Fischer, G. J. Miller ve M. S. Sidney (Ed.), Handbook of Public Policy Analysis Theory, Politics and Methods, United States of America: CRC Press, 149-157.
54. Straub, L.; N. Lux (2019). European Defence-Debates in and about Poland and France. SWP Journal Review, 1, 1-7. TC. Avrupa Birliği Başkanlığı (2007), 2006-12-12 AB Genel İşler Konseyi Kararı ve Yankıları- Derleme. Erişim Adresi: https://www.ab.gov.tr/p.php?e=39405
55. The German Marshall Fund of the United States Strengtheining Translantic Cooperation (t.y.), Erişim adresi: https://www.gmfus.org/
56. Thunert, M. (2000). Players Beyond Borders? German Think Tanks as Catalysts of Internationalisation. Global Society, 14(2), 191-211.
57. Thunert, M. (2004). Think Tanks in Germany. Society, 41(4), 66-69.
58. Thunert, M. (2006). The Development and Significance of Think Tanks in Germany. German Policy Studies, 3(2), 185-221.
59. Thunert, M. (2011). Think Tanks in Germany. Briefing Paper Special Issue, 43-55.
60. Traub-Merz, R. (2011). Do We Need More and More Think Tanks?. Briefing Paper Special Issue, 4-7.
61. Uğur, Ö. (2018). Almanya Dış Politikasının Avrupa Birliği Dış Politikasına Uyum Süreci: Ukrayna Krizi Örneği. Global Journal of Economics and Business Studies, 7(14), 80-101.
62. UIA Open Yearbook (t.y.) Erişim adresi: https://uia.org/s/or/en/1100057377
63. Weaver, R. (1989). The Changing World of Think Tanks. PS: Political Science & Politics, 563-578.
64. Woo, Y. P. (2015). On the future of foreign policy think tanks in Canada. International Journal, 70(4), 629-636.
65. Wright, N. (2018). No Longer the Elephant Outside the Room: Why the Ukraine Crisis Reflects a Deeper Shift Towards German Leadership of European Foreign Policy. German Politics, 27(4), 479-497.