İklim Kaynaklı Göçlerde Sosyal Koruma ve Kayıp-Zarar Fonunun İşlevi

Öz

Hızlanan iklim değişikliğinin bireylerin yaşam ve geçim kaynakları üzerindeki etkisi günümüzde daha belirleyici olmaktadır. Çevresel şokların sürekliliği bireylerin göçü bir uyum mekanizması olarak benimsemelerine yol açabilmektedir. Nakit transferler, kamu işleri, ekonomik içerilme gibi sosyal koruma programlarının iklim uyumu ile bütünleştirilmesi iklim değişikliğine karşı direnci arttırmaktadır. Sosyal koruma, temel uluslararası düzenlemeler ve anlaşmalarda da iklim değişikliği kaynaklı yoksulluk ve kırılganlıkların azaltılmasına yönelik etkili bir araç olarak kabul edilmektedir. İklim göçü özelinde benimsenen etik bakış açısı bir yönüyle kayıp ve zarar fonunun uygulanmasına meşruiyet kazandırmaktadır. Ancak kayıp ve zarar ile ilgili yeterli fonun bulunmaması küresel ölçekte önemli bir sorun kaynağı olmaya devam etmektedir. İklim kaynaklı göçün azaltılmasında uyum kapasitesinin arttırılması, yerel geçim kaynaklarının çeşitlendirilmesi, sosyal koruma sistemlerinin varlığı ve kayıp ve zarar mekanizmaları kullanılabilmektedir. Çalışma bu mekanizmalardan sosyal koruma sistemlerinin ve kayıp ve zarar fonunun işlevine odaklanmakta iktisadi kalkınma, sosyal politika ve iklim finansmanının

Anahtar Kelimeler

• İklim kaynaklı göç
• sosyal koruma
• kayıp ve zarar fonu

Social Protection and the Function of the Loss-Damage Fund in Climate-induced Migration

Abstract

Today, the accelerated effects of climate change on people's life and ways of livelihood are becoming more and more important. People may use migration as a coping strategy if environmental shocks continue. Resilience to climate change is increased when social protection measures like cash transfers, public works, and economic inclusion are integrated with climate adaptation. Key international agreements also acknowledge social protection as a useful instrument for alleviating poverty and vulnerability brought on by climate change. Loss and damage through climate justice highlights how industrialized nations have historically contributed to the global ecological crisis. On a worldwide level, however, inadequate funding for loss and damage continues to be a major cause of problems. Reducing migration related to climate change can be achieved through increasing adaptive capacity, diversifying local livelihoods, creating social safety networks, and using loss and damage mechanisms. This study examines the combined effects of economic development, social policy, and climate finance on reducing migration related to climate change. It emphasizes on the role of social protection systems and the loss and damage fund among these mechanisms.

Keywords

• Climate-induced migration,
• Social protection
• Loss and Damage Fund

Kaynakça

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