Turkey as Normative Power: Connections with the Muslim Brotherhood during the Arab Spring

Yıl 2022, , 3 - 19, 02.06.2022

Beatrix Futák-campbell Hylke De Sauvage Noltıng

https://doi.org/10.33458/uidergisi.1113201

Cited By: 4

Öz

The debate on normative power has mainly been focused on the European Union. This is partly owing to the fact that its conception is very Euro/Western centric. Yet, it is assumed that the concept is applicable to other actors. The aim of this paper therefore is to examine Turkey and whether its actions embody normative power in Syria and Egypt during the Arab Spring. It applies de Zutter’s four-step methodology of identifying normative power. The result is mixed. In the case of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, Turkey tried to be a normative power but failed, due to a lack of recognition. In the case of the Syrian Muslim Brotherhood, Turkey was perceived as a normative power due to the combination of its Islamic identity, adherence to democracy, and the role of religion in its society. The implications of this are significant, since this paper demonstrates that normative power can travel outside of its Euro/Western centric context. At the same time, it also demonstrates that the norms are different and context specific.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Norms, Normative Power, Arab Spring, Islamic Identity, Turkish Model

Normatif Güç olarak Türkiye: Arap Baharı'nda Müslüman Kardeşlerle Bağlantılar

Öz

Normatif güç tartışması genel olarak Avrupa Birliği üzerinde odaklanmaktadır. Bu, kısmen kavramın Avrupa/ Batı merkezli olmasından kaynaklanmaktadır. Fakat kavramın diğer aktörler için de geçerli olduğu öne sürülebilir. Bu çerçevede, makalenin amacı Türkiye’nin ve Arap Baharı sırasında Suriye ve Mısır’daki eylemlerinin normatif güç özellikleri içerip içermediğini incelemektir. Çalışmada normatif gücü belirlemeye yönelik de Zutter’in dört aşamalı metodolojisi uygulanmaktadır. Sonuç karmaşıktır. Mısır’daki Müslüman Kardeşler örneğinde, Türkiye normatif bir güç olmaya çalışsa da tanınmaması nedeniyle başarısız olmuştur. Suriye’deki Müslüman Kardeşleri örneğinde ise Türkiye, İslami kimliği, demokrasiye bağlılığı ve toplumundaki dinin rolünün birleşimi nedeniyle normatif bir güç olarak algılanmıştır. Makalenin etkileri önemlidir nitekim normatif gücün Avrupa/Batı merkezi bağlamının dışına çıkabileceğini göstermektedir. Aynı zamanda, normların farklı ve bağlama özgü olduğunu da göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Normlar, Normatif Güç, Arap Baharı, İslami Kimlik, Türk Modeli

Kaynakça

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