KURUMSAL ETNOGRAFYA: TEMEL YÖNLERİ VE TEORİK TEMELLER

Öz

Bu makale, kurumsal etnografyanın, sosyal bilimciler için işin sosyal organizasyonunun insanların günlük yaşamlarını nasıl şekillendirdiğini ve deneyimlerini kurumsal bilgiye nasıl dönüştürdüğünü keşfetmeleri için bir yol sağladığını göstermektedir. Kurumsal etnografya, bireyin deneyimini ve bakış açısını başlangıç noktası olarak alan ve kurumsal ortamlarda metinsel olarak düzenlenen koordinasyon ve kontrol biçimlerini keşfetmeye çalışan niteliksel bir araştırma yöntemidir. Bu teoriye göre kurumsal metinler, öznelerin deneyimlerini kurumsal işleyiş için gerekli olan bilgiye dönüştüren araçlardır. Kurumsal etnografya, bilginin dönüşümünün, deneyimin sahibinin gerçekliği ile kurumsal gerçeklik arasında bir çatallaşmaya yol açtığını iddia eder. Sonuç olarak, deneyimi sistemin ihtiyaç ve öncelikleri doğrultusunda işlenen ve dönüştürülen birey, kendi deneyimine yabancılaşır ve kurumsal sisteme karşı dezavantajlı konuma gelir. Bu bağlamda kurumsal etnografya, kurumsal örgütlerin içerisinde güç ilişkileri ve toplumsal eşitsizlikleri araması ile eleştirel ve aktivist bir bakış açısına sahiptir. Bu çalışmada, kurumsal etnografyanın kuramsal ve felsefi temelleri ile bir araştırma metodolojisi olarak temel kavram ve ilkeleri ilgili literatürün sistematik olarak incelenmesi yoluyla ortaya konulmaktadır. Ayrıca kurumsal etnografyanın feminist bakış açısı yaklaşımı, Marksist teori, etnometodoloji ve fenomenoloji gibi diğer sosyolojik teorilerden farklılıkları ve ortak yönlerinin tartışılması amaçlanmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Kurumsal etnografya,
• duruş kuramı
• yönetim ilişkileri
• çatallanma

INSTITUTIONAL ETHNOGRAPHY: THE MAIN ASPECTS AND THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS

Öz

This paper demonstrates how institutional ethnography provides a way forward for social scientists to explore how social organization of work shape people’s daily lives and transform their experiences into institutional knowledge. Institutional ethnography is a qualitative method of inquiry taking individual’s experience and standpoint as a starting point and try to explore the textually mediated forms of coordination and control in institutional settings. According to this theory, institutional texts are tools that transform subjects' experiences into knowledge necessary for institutional functioning. Institutional ethnography claims that the transformation of knowledge leads the a bifurcation between the reality of the owner of the actual experience and the institutional reality. As a result, the individual whose experience is processed and transformed for the needs priorities of the system is alienated from his/her own experience and becomes disadvantaged against the institutional system. Within this regard, institutional ethnography has a critical and activist perspective with its search for power relations and social inequalities within institutional organizations. In this paper, the theoretical and philosophical foundations of institutional ethnography, and its main concepts and principles as a research methodology are revealed by the systematic review of the relevant literature. In addition, the differences and common aspects of institutional ethnography from other sociological theories such as the feminist standpoint approach, Marxist theory, ethnomethodology and phenomenology have been tried to be revealed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• institutional ethnography,
• standpoint theory,
• ruling relations
• bifurcation

Kaynakça

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