Araştırma Makalesi
BibTex RIS Kaynak Göster

Barış İnşası ve Eğitim: Çatışma Sonrası Bosna Hersek’te Eğitim Reformu

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 105 - 115, 31.12.2021

Öz

Bu makale, çatışma sonrası ortamlarda eğitim reformu konusunu ele almakta ve eğitim ile barış inşası arasındaki bağlantıyı araştırmaktadır. Eğitim genellikle çatışmanın hemen ardından bir öncelik olmasa da, uzlaşmayı baltalama veya kolaylaştırma potansiyeli onu sürdürülebilir bir barış sürecinin çok önemli bir boyutu haline getirir. BosnaHersek'teki (BH) eğitim reformu önemli bir gecikmeyle başladı ve etnik bölünmeler ve on üç ayrı bakanlığı kuran Dayton sonrası siyasi sistemin karmaşıklığı tarafından yüklendi. Bu makale, Bosna Hersek Federasyonu (BHF) bünyesinde kurulan 'tek çatı altında iki okul' sistemi olarak adlandırılan BH'deki eğitim reformuna yönelik iki yaklaşımı ve entegre çok etnikli Brčko Bölgesi modelini karşılaştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Brčko, farklı etnik kökenlerden öğrenciler arasındaki fiziksel engelleri kaldıran ve onları çok etnik gruptan oluşan sınıflara yerleştiren ilk şehir oldu. Araştırma, entegre eğitim modeli ile daha yüksek düzeyde uzlaşma arasında güçlü bir bağlantı olduğunu öne sürüyor. Aynı zamanda, eğitim reformunu siyasi süreçlerden ayırmanın ve sınıf ortamını daha geniş sosyal bağlamdan ayırmanın mümkün olmadığını göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Bekerman, Z. (2009): The Complexities of Teaching Historical Conflicutal Narratives in Integrated Palestinian- Jewish Schools in Israel. International Review of Education,55, p.235-250.
  • Buckland, P. (2005): ‘Reshaping the Future: Education and Postconflict Reconstruction’. Worldbank. Washington. Bush, K. – Saltarelli, D. (2000): “The Two Faces of Education in Ethnic Conflict: Towards a Peace-building Education for Children”, Florence, Italy: The UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre.
  • Final Award (1999): Arbitral Tribunal for Dispute over Inter-Entity Boundary in Brčko Area. Annex. March 5, 1999. Full text available at: http://www.ohr.int/?ohr_archive=Brčko-final-award-annex
  • Emkic, E. (2018): Reconciliation and Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina: From Segregation to Sustainable Peace. Springer.
  • Hromadzic, A. (2008): Discourses of Integration and Practices of Reunification at the Mostar Gymnasium, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Comparative Education Review, v52 n4 p541-563, Nov 2008
  • International Crisis Group (2003). Bosnia’s Brčko: Getting in, getting on and getting out. Sarajevo/Brussels.
  • Jones, B. (2011b): ‘Understanding Responses to Postwar Education Reform in Multiethnic District of Brčko, Bosnia- Herzegovina’. In: Paulson, J. (2011): Education and Reconciliation: Exploring Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations. Continuum. London. ISBN: 978-1-4411-53258.
  • Moumne, R. - Morohashi J. (2011) Human Rights and Education. UNESCO Education Sector.
  • Perry, V. (2003): ‘Reading, Writing and Reconciliation: Educational Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina’. European Centre for Minority Issues. Working paper #18. September 2003.
  • Paulson, J. (2011): Education and Reconciliation: Exploring Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations. Continuum. London. ISBN: 978-1-4411-5325-8.
  • Pašalić-Kreso, A. (2008) The war and post-war impact on the educational system of Bosnia and Herzegovina. International Review of Education.
  • Pašalić-Kreso, A. (1999) Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Minority Inclusion and Majority Rules The system of education in BiH as a paradigm of political violence on education.
  • Šarančić, J. (2016): On Multiethnic Schools in Consociational Democracies: A Comparative Analysis of Brčko District and Bosnia-Herzegovina. Lawrence University Honors Projects. 94.
  • Shaheed, F.(2014): The Special Report in the field of cultural rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The UN General Assembly. /HRC/25/49/Add.1
  • Smith, A. - Vaux T. (2003). “Education, Conflict and International Development”, London: Department for International Development.
  • Stabback, P. (2007): Common curriculum, core curriculum or common curriculum standards—finding a solution for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Prospects. Volume 37, pages 449–467 (2007)
  • United Nations (2016): Compilation of the Recommendations of the UN Human Rights Mechanisms and their Implementation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo, July 2016: http://ba.one.un.org/content/dam/unct/bih/PDFs/publications/Compilation_Recommend_UNHuman%20Rights_ in_BiH.pdf Veličković, Nenad. (2014). Education system of BiH: All schools under one roof (Obrazovni sistem BiH: Sve škole pod jednim krovom).
  • Williams, C.H. (1992): “The Cultural Rights of Minorities: Recognition and Implementation”, in J. Plitchtova (ed.), Minorities in Politics: Cultural and Language Rights (Bratislava, Slovakia, 1992).

Peacebuilding and Education: Post-conflict education reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2, 105 - 115, 31.12.2021

Öz

This article addresses the issue of education reform in post-conflict environments and explores the link between education and peacebuilding. It is based on six months of field research in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) , conducted from June to October 2017. The article aims at comparing two approaches to education reform in BiH – the so-called ‘two schools under one roof ' system that was established in the entity of Federation of BiH (FBiH) and Brčko District model of the integrated multiethnic education system. Brčko became the first city to remove physical barriers between students of different ethnicities and place them in mixed multi-ethnic classes. The research suggests a strong link between the integrated education model and higher levels of reconciliation. At the same time, it demonstrates that it is not possible to separate the education reform from political processes and dissociate the classroom environment from the broader social context.

Kaynakça

  • Bekerman, Z. (2009): The Complexities of Teaching Historical Conflicutal Narratives in Integrated Palestinian- Jewish Schools in Israel. International Review of Education,55, p.235-250.
  • Buckland, P. (2005): ‘Reshaping the Future: Education and Postconflict Reconstruction’. Worldbank. Washington. Bush, K. – Saltarelli, D. (2000): “The Two Faces of Education in Ethnic Conflict: Towards a Peace-building Education for Children”, Florence, Italy: The UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre.
  • Final Award (1999): Arbitral Tribunal for Dispute over Inter-Entity Boundary in Brčko Area. Annex. March 5, 1999. Full text available at: http://www.ohr.int/?ohr_archive=Brčko-final-award-annex
  • Emkic, E. (2018): Reconciliation and Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina: From Segregation to Sustainable Peace. Springer.
  • Hromadzic, A. (2008): Discourses of Integration and Practices of Reunification at the Mostar Gymnasium, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Comparative Education Review, v52 n4 p541-563, Nov 2008
  • International Crisis Group (2003). Bosnia’s Brčko: Getting in, getting on and getting out. Sarajevo/Brussels.
  • Jones, B. (2011b): ‘Understanding Responses to Postwar Education Reform in Multiethnic District of Brčko, Bosnia- Herzegovina’. In: Paulson, J. (2011): Education and Reconciliation: Exploring Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations. Continuum. London. ISBN: 978-1-4411-53258.
  • Moumne, R. - Morohashi J. (2011) Human Rights and Education. UNESCO Education Sector.
  • Perry, V. (2003): ‘Reading, Writing and Reconciliation: Educational Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina’. European Centre for Minority Issues. Working paper #18. September 2003.
  • Paulson, J. (2011): Education and Reconciliation: Exploring Conflict and Post-Conflict Situations. Continuum. London. ISBN: 978-1-4411-5325-8.
  • Pašalić-Kreso, A. (2008) The war and post-war impact on the educational system of Bosnia and Herzegovina. International Review of Education.
  • Pašalić-Kreso, A. (1999) Education in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Minority Inclusion and Majority Rules The system of education in BiH as a paradigm of political violence on education.
  • Šarančić, J. (2016): On Multiethnic Schools in Consociational Democracies: A Comparative Analysis of Brčko District and Bosnia-Herzegovina. Lawrence University Honors Projects. 94.
  • Shaheed, F.(2014): The Special Report in the field of cultural rights in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The UN General Assembly. /HRC/25/49/Add.1
  • Smith, A. - Vaux T. (2003). “Education, Conflict and International Development”, London: Department for International Development.
  • Stabback, P. (2007): Common curriculum, core curriculum or common curriculum standards—finding a solution for Bosnia and Herzegovina. Prospects. Volume 37, pages 449–467 (2007)
  • United Nations (2016): Compilation of the Recommendations of the UN Human Rights Mechanisms and their Implementation in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Sarajevo, July 2016: http://ba.one.un.org/content/dam/unct/bih/PDFs/publications/Compilation_Recommend_UNHuman%20Rights_ in_BiH.pdf Veličković, Nenad. (2014). Education system of BiH: All schools under one roof (Obrazovni sistem BiH: Sve škole pod jednim krovom).
  • Williams, C.H. (1992): “The Cultural Rights of Minorities: Recognition and Implementation”, in J. Plitchtova (ed.), Minorities in Politics: Cultural and Language Rights (Bratislava, Slovakia, 1992).
Toplam 18 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Siyaset Bilimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Adisa Avdić Küsmüş 0000-0002-1867-3831

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Aralık 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 14 Aralık 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2021 Cilt: 5 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Avdić Küsmüş, A. (2021). Peacebuilding and Education: Post-conflict education reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi, 5(2), 105-115.
AMA Avdić Küsmüş A. Peacebuilding and Education: Post-conflict education reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi. Aralık 2021;5(2):105-115.
Chicago Avdić Küsmüş, Adisa. “Peacebuilding and Education: Post-Conflict Education Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina”. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi 5, sy. 2 (Aralık 2021): 105-15.
EndNote Avdić Küsmüş A (01 Aralık 2021) Peacebuilding and Education: Post-conflict education reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi 5 2 105–115.
IEEE A. Avdić Küsmüş, “Peacebuilding and Education: Post-conflict education reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina”, Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 2, ss. 105–115, 2021.
ISNAD Avdić Küsmüş, Adisa. “Peacebuilding and Education: Post-Conflict Education Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina”. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi 5/2 (Aralık 2021), 105-115.
JAMA Avdić Küsmüş A. Peacebuilding and Education: Post-conflict education reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi. 2021;5:105–115.
MLA Avdić Küsmüş, Adisa. “Peacebuilding and Education: Post-Conflict Education Reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina”. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi, c. 5, sy. 2, 2021, ss. 105-1.
Vancouver Avdić Küsmüş A. Peacebuilding and Education: Post-conflict education reform in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Ulisa: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi. 2021;5(2):105-1.
ULİSA: Uluslararası Çalışmalar Dergisi, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniv. ULİSA Enstitüsü tarafından yayımlanmaktadır.