Araştırma Makalesi
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Arı Merası ve Yayladan Elde Edilen Bal, Polen ve Propolis Miktarları ile Bal Kalitesinin Karşılaştırılması

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 190 - 201, 19.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1344339

Öz

Bingöl Üniversitesi bünyesinde 2021-2022 yılları arasında kurulan arı merası ile yayladan elde edilen bal, polen ve propolis miktarları ile bal kalitesinin belirlenmesi ve bu özellikler açısından arı merası ile yaylanın karşılaştırılması amacıyla bu çalışma yürütülmüştür. Araştırmada 10 adet arı kovanı kullanılmıştır. Arı kovanlarından 5 tanesi arı merasında bırakılmış, beş tanesi de karşılaştırma yapmak amacıyla yaylaya çıkarılmıştır. Her iki lokasyonda ve her iki yılda da ağustos ayında bal hasadı yapılmıştır. Her iki lokasyona ait kovan başına bal, polen ve propolis miktarları elde edilmiş ve yine her iki lokasyona ait balların nem, diastaz, HMF, ticari glikoz, C13 şekeri, C4 şekeri ve balda protein ile ham bal delta C13 şekeri arasındaki fark tespit edilmiştir. Elde edilen bu kalite parametreleri Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bal Tebliği’ne göre değerlendirilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda arı merası ve yayladan elde edilen polen ve propolis miktarları arasında istatistiksel bir fark olmadığı, yayladan elde edilen bal miktarının arı merasından daha yüksek olduğu ve yine hem arı merası hem de yayladan elde edilen balların kalite kriterleri açısından Türk Gıda Kodeksi Bal Tebliği’nin belirlediği sınır değerler açısından “uygun” seviyede oldukları belirlenmiştir. Bu veriler ışığında arı merasından elde edilen bal veriminin düşük olmasına rağmen sürdürülebilir olduğu ve yayla arıcılığına ya da gezginci arıcılığa alternatif olabileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Bingöl Üniversitesi Pilot Üniversite Koordinasyon Merkez Birimi

Proje Numarası

PİKOM-Bitki.2019.001

Kaynakça

  • Aktürk D, Aydın B. Structural Characteristics of Beekeeping Enterprises and Beekeeping Activities in Çanakkale Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 2019;7(10):1618-1628
  • Bankova VS, Popov SS, Marekov NL. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Flavonoids from Propolis. J Chromatogr, 1982;242:135-143
  • Batu A, Küçük E, Çimen M. Determination of the Physicochemical and Biochemical Values of Flower Honeys Obtained from Eastern Anatolia and Eastern Black Sea Regions. Electronic Journal of Food Technologies, 2013;8(1):52-62.
  • Belli T. Some Physical and chemical properties of the honeys produced in Muğla. Pamukkale University, Institute of Science, Department of Food Engineering, Master’s Thesis, Denizli, 2019
  • Bengü AŞ, Kutlu MA. Identification of Some Quality Criteria of Honey Produced in Bingöl. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 2018;7(1):7-10
  • Ceylan DA. The effects of heating temperature, heating and storage time on the HMF level and diastase number of different honey types. Mustafa Kemal University, Institute of Science, Department of Zootechnics, Doctoral Thesis, Hatay, 2016
  • Çetin K, Akın E, Uçurum H. Determination of Quality Parameters of Flower Honey Sold on the Market. Journal of Food and Feed Science, 2011;11:49-56
  • Çiftci E. Comparison from the quality criteria terms of Konya highlands regional honey and puren honey. Selçuk University, Institute of Healthy, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Master’s Thesis, Konya, 2014
  • Çiftçi M, Parlat SS. The Conformity of Chemical Composition of Some Commercial Flower Honey Samples Sold in Markets in the City of Konya, Turkey with Turkish Food Codex, Honey Communique.
  • Selcuk Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 2018;32(1):38-42. https://doi.org/10.15316/sjafs.2018.61
  • Emir M, Ceyhan V. Migration routes of beekeepers, productivity and prices of bee products in Turkey. XII. Ulusal Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi, 25-27 Mayıs, 2016, p. 1615-1624
  • Gürel F. Balda Taklit ve Tağşiş. Arıcılık Araştırma Dergisi, 2015;7(13):2-4.
  • Gültekin Özgüven M, Demircan E, Ozçelik B. Determination of Physicochemical Properties of Flower Honeys Produced in Various Locations and Their Compliance with the Turkish Food Codex. European Journal of Science and Technology, 2020;20:321-326. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.758399
  • Güzel N, Bahçeçi KS. Assesment of Some Chemical Quality Parameters of Honeys Produced in Çorum Province. The Journal of Food, 2020;45(2):230-241. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.gd19129
  • JMP. Statistical Discovery from SAS, USA, 2018
  • TGKBT. Turkish Food Codex, Honey Communique, www.resmigazete.gov.tr, 2020
  • TUIK. Turkey Statistical Institute, Animal Production Statistics, http://www.tuik.gov.tr, 2023
  • Kaplan HB. Chemical properties of Aegean Region honeys. Pamukkale University, Institute of Science, Department of Food Engineering, Master’s Thesis, Denizli, 2014
  • Kara F, Kaya C, Esi̇n Yücel E, Topuz S, Bayram M. Determination of Some Physiochemical Properties of Honeys from Tokat Region and Their Compliance with the Turkish Food Codex. Uludag Bee Journal, 2022;22(2):148-165. https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1092060
  • Karadal F, Yıldırım Y. The Quality Parameters and Nutritional and Health Effect of Honey. J Fac Vet Med Univ Erciyes, 2012;9(3):197-209
  • Karahan Yılmaz S, Eskici G. Biochemical Aspects of Honey Produce in Erzincan. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 2017;34(2):36-42. https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag1120
  • Kekeçoğlu M, Göç Rasgele P, Acar F, Kaya ST. A Study on the Structure of Beekeeping and Beekeeping Activities in Düzce. Düzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 2014;2:1-15
  • Korkmaz A. Anlaşılabilir Arıcılık. Samsun Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık İl Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Samsun, 2013
  • Kumova U, Korkmaz A, Avcı BC, Ceyran G. An Important Bee Product: Propolis. U Arı D. / U Bee J., 2002;2(2):10-24
  • Kutlu MA, Bengü AŞ. Identification of the Quality Criteria of Honey Produced in Gaziantep. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 2015;4(1):48-53
  • Kutlu MA. A Study on the General Structure of Beekeeping Buildings of Uludere District. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 2019;6(3):511-517. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.595369
  • Kutlu MA, Bengü AŞ. Determination of Antibiotic and Pesticide Residues and Some Quality Criteria in Honey Produced in Muş Province. Bingol University Health Journal, 2020;1(1):1-6
  • Kutluca S, Genç F, Korkmaz A. Propolis. Samsun Provincial Directorate of Agriculture, Farmer Training and Extension Branch, Samsun, 2006, p. 57
  • MGM. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Meteorology, http://www.mgm.gov.tr, 2023
  • Nicodemo D, Malheiros EB, Jong DD, Helena R, Couto N. Increased Brood Viability and Longer Lifespan of Honeybees Selected for Propolis Production. Apidologie, 2014;45: 269-275
  • Tutkun E. Teknik Arıcılık El Kitabı, TKV Yayın No: 6, Ankara, 2000, s.235
  • Onuç Z, Yanar A, Saner G, Güler D. An Analysis on Economical Aspect of the Beekeeping Enterprise: A Case of Kemalpaşa District-İzmir/Turkey. Ege Univ. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 2019;56(1):7-14. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.420370
  • Padovan GJ, De Jong D, Rodriques LP, Marchini JS. Detection of Adulteration of Commercial Honey Samples by the 13C / 12C Isotopic Ratio. Food Chemistry, 2003; 82: 633-636
  • Sandal EK, Kan C. Beekeeping Activities in Bingöl Province. Turkish Geographical Review, 2013;60:1-12
  • Söğüt B, Seviş HE, Karakaya E, İnci H. A Research on Present Situation, Basic Problems and Solution Proposals in Beekeeping Enterprices (A Case Study Bingol Province). U Arı D – U Bee J 2019;19(1):50-60
  • Yaşar S, Söğütlü İ. Investigation of Acidity, Diastase Number, HMF, Insoluble Dry Matter and Ash Percentage Values of Some Honey Samples Produced in Bingöl and Districts. Van Veterinary Journal, 2020;31(1):42-46. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.631565
  • Yavuz C. Antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and the determination of bioactive components of propolis samples collected from some cities of Turkey. Ordu University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology, Master’s Thesis, Ordu, 2011
  • Yıldız AK, Ayyıldız M, Ayyıldız B, Arslan S. Technical and Socio-Economic Beekeeping Enterprises of Yozgat Province Investigation of Status. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 2022;10(5):846-852
  • Yurt B, Çakır S. Some Physicochemical Properties of Honey Produced in Iğdır and Region. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 2020;9(special issue):51-57. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.761654
  • White JW, Winters K. Honey Protein as International Standard for Stable Isotope Ratio Detection of Adulteration of Honey. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 1989;72(6):907-911

COMPARISON OF HONEY, POLLEN AND PROPOLIS AMOUNTS AND HONEY QUALITY OBTAINED FROM BEE PASTURE AND HIGHLAND

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2, 190 - 201, 19.11.2023
https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1344339

Öz

This study was carried out to determine the honey, pollen and propolis amounts and honey qualities obtained from the bee pasture established in Bingöl University between the years 2021-2022 and highland and to compare the bee pasture and the highland in terms of these characteristics. 10 beehives were used in the study. Five beehives were left in the bee pasture, and 5 of them were taken to the highland for comparison. The quantities of honey, pollen, and propolis per hive and the moisture, diastase, HMF, commercial glucose, C13 sugar, C4 sugar, and the difference between raw protein in honey and delta C13 sugar of honeys were determined for both locations. These quality parameters obtained were evaluated according to the Turkish Food Codex Honey Communiqué. As a result of the research, it was determined that there was no statistical difference between the amounts of pollen and propolis obtained from the bee pasture and the highland, and the amount of honey obtained from the highland was higher than the bee pasture. In addition, it has been determined that the honey obtained from both bee pasture and highland is at the "appropriate" level in terms of the limit values determined by the Turkish Food Codex Honey Communiqué in terms of quality criteria. In the light of these data, it has been understood that although the honey yield from bee pasture is low, it is sustainable and can be an alternative to migratory or highland beekeeping.

Proje Numarası

PİKOM-Bitki.2019.001

Kaynakça

  • Aktürk D, Aydın B. Structural Characteristics of Beekeeping Enterprises and Beekeeping Activities in Çanakkale Province. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 2019;7(10):1618-1628
  • Bankova VS, Popov SS, Marekov NL. High Performance Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Flavonoids from Propolis. J Chromatogr, 1982;242:135-143
  • Batu A, Küçük E, Çimen M. Determination of the Physicochemical and Biochemical Values of Flower Honeys Obtained from Eastern Anatolia and Eastern Black Sea Regions. Electronic Journal of Food Technologies, 2013;8(1):52-62.
  • Belli T. Some Physical and chemical properties of the honeys produced in Muğla. Pamukkale University, Institute of Science, Department of Food Engineering, Master’s Thesis, Denizli, 2019
  • Bengü AŞ, Kutlu MA. Identification of Some Quality Criteria of Honey Produced in Bingöl. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 2018;7(1):7-10
  • Ceylan DA. The effects of heating temperature, heating and storage time on the HMF level and diastase number of different honey types. Mustafa Kemal University, Institute of Science, Department of Zootechnics, Doctoral Thesis, Hatay, 2016
  • Çetin K, Akın E, Uçurum H. Determination of Quality Parameters of Flower Honey Sold on the Market. Journal of Food and Feed Science, 2011;11:49-56
  • Çiftci E. Comparison from the quality criteria terms of Konya highlands regional honey and puren honey. Selçuk University, Institute of Healthy, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Master’s Thesis, Konya, 2014
  • Çiftçi M, Parlat SS. The Conformity of Chemical Composition of Some Commercial Flower Honey Samples Sold in Markets in the City of Konya, Turkey with Turkish Food Codex, Honey Communique.
  • Selcuk Journal of Agricultural and Food Sciences, 2018;32(1):38-42. https://doi.org/10.15316/sjafs.2018.61
  • Emir M, Ceyhan V. Migration routes of beekeepers, productivity and prices of bee products in Turkey. XII. Ulusal Tarım Ekonomisi Kongresi, 25-27 Mayıs, 2016, p. 1615-1624
  • Gürel F. Balda Taklit ve Tağşiş. Arıcılık Araştırma Dergisi, 2015;7(13):2-4.
  • Gültekin Özgüven M, Demircan E, Ozçelik B. Determination of Physicochemical Properties of Flower Honeys Produced in Various Locations and Their Compliance with the Turkish Food Codex. European Journal of Science and Technology, 2020;20:321-326. https://doi.org/10.31590/ejosat.758399
  • Güzel N, Bahçeçi KS. Assesment of Some Chemical Quality Parameters of Honeys Produced in Çorum Province. The Journal of Food, 2020;45(2):230-241. https://doi.org/10.15237/gida.gd19129
  • JMP. Statistical Discovery from SAS, USA, 2018
  • TGKBT. Turkish Food Codex, Honey Communique, www.resmigazete.gov.tr, 2020
  • TUIK. Turkey Statistical Institute, Animal Production Statistics, http://www.tuik.gov.tr, 2023
  • Kaplan HB. Chemical properties of Aegean Region honeys. Pamukkale University, Institute of Science, Department of Food Engineering, Master’s Thesis, Denizli, 2014
  • Kara F, Kaya C, Esi̇n Yücel E, Topuz S, Bayram M. Determination of Some Physiochemical Properties of Honeys from Tokat Region and Their Compliance with the Turkish Food Codex. Uludag Bee Journal, 2022;22(2):148-165. https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1092060
  • Karadal F, Yıldırım Y. The Quality Parameters and Nutritional and Health Effect of Honey. J Fac Vet Med Univ Erciyes, 2012;9(3):197-209
  • Karahan Yılmaz S, Eskici G. Biochemical Aspects of Honey Produce in Erzincan. Journal of Agricultural Faculty of Gaziosmanpasa University, 2017;34(2):36-42. https://doi.org/10.13002/jafag1120
  • Kekeçoğlu M, Göç Rasgele P, Acar F, Kaya ST. A Study on the Structure of Beekeeping and Beekeeping Activities in Düzce. Düzce University Journal of Science and Technology, 2014;2:1-15
  • Korkmaz A. Anlaşılabilir Arıcılık. Samsun Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık İl Müdürlüğü Yayınları, Samsun, 2013
  • Kumova U, Korkmaz A, Avcı BC, Ceyran G. An Important Bee Product: Propolis. U Arı D. / U Bee J., 2002;2(2):10-24
  • Kutlu MA, Bengü AŞ. Identification of the Quality Criteria of Honey Produced in Gaziantep. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 2015;4(1):48-53
  • Kutlu MA. A Study on the General Structure of Beekeeping Buildings of Uludere District. Turkish Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences, 2019;6(3):511-517. https://doi.org/10.30910/turkjans.595369
  • Kutlu MA, Bengü AŞ. Determination of Antibiotic and Pesticide Residues and Some Quality Criteria in Honey Produced in Muş Province. Bingol University Health Journal, 2020;1(1):1-6
  • Kutluca S, Genç F, Korkmaz A. Propolis. Samsun Provincial Directorate of Agriculture, Farmer Training and Extension Branch, Samsun, 2006, p. 57
  • MGM. Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, General Directorate of Meteorology, http://www.mgm.gov.tr, 2023
  • Nicodemo D, Malheiros EB, Jong DD, Helena R, Couto N. Increased Brood Viability and Longer Lifespan of Honeybees Selected for Propolis Production. Apidologie, 2014;45: 269-275
  • Tutkun E. Teknik Arıcılık El Kitabı, TKV Yayın No: 6, Ankara, 2000, s.235
  • Onuç Z, Yanar A, Saner G, Güler D. An Analysis on Economical Aspect of the Beekeeping Enterprise: A Case of Kemalpaşa District-İzmir/Turkey. Ege Univ. Ziraat Fak. Derg., 2019;56(1):7-14. https://doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.420370
  • Padovan GJ, De Jong D, Rodriques LP, Marchini JS. Detection of Adulteration of Commercial Honey Samples by the 13C / 12C Isotopic Ratio. Food Chemistry, 2003; 82: 633-636
  • Sandal EK, Kan C. Beekeeping Activities in Bingöl Province. Turkish Geographical Review, 2013;60:1-12
  • Söğüt B, Seviş HE, Karakaya E, İnci H. A Research on Present Situation, Basic Problems and Solution Proposals in Beekeeping Enterprices (A Case Study Bingol Province). U Arı D – U Bee J 2019;19(1):50-60
  • Yaşar S, Söğütlü İ. Investigation of Acidity, Diastase Number, HMF, Insoluble Dry Matter and Ash Percentage Values of Some Honey Samples Produced in Bingöl and Districts. Van Veterinary Journal, 2020;31(1):42-46. https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.631565
  • Yavuz C. Antimicrobial, antioxidant activities and the determination of bioactive components of propolis samples collected from some cities of Turkey. Ordu University, Institute of Science, Department of Biology, Master’s Thesis, Ordu, 2011
  • Yıldız AK, Ayyıldız M, Ayyıldız B, Arslan S. Technical and Socio-Economic Beekeeping Enterprises of Yozgat Province Investigation of Status. Turkish Journal of Agriculture-Food Science and Technology, 2022;10(5):846-852
  • Yurt B, Çakır S. Some Physicochemical Properties of Honey Produced in Iğdır and Region. Turkish Journal of Nature and Science, 2020;9(special issue):51-57. https://doi.org/10.46810/tdfd.761654
  • White JW, Winters K. Honey Protein as International Standard for Stable Isotope Ratio Detection of Adulteration of Honey. Journal of the Association of Official Analytical Chemists, 1989;72(6):907-911
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği (Diğer)
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Erdal Çaçan 0000-0002-9469-2495

Mehmet Ali Kutlu 0000-0003-0862-9690

Rıdvan Uçar 0000-0001-6365-7200

Selim Özdemir 0000-0003-1840-9907

Kağan Kökten 0000-0001-5403-5629

Sam Mokhtarzadeh 0000-0002-3927-0855

Muammer Ekmekçi 0000-0002-0610-8552

Proje Numarası PİKOM-Bitki.2019.001
Erken Görünüm Tarihi 15 Kasım 2023
Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Kasım 2023
Kabul Tarihi 7 Ekim 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 23 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Çaçan E, Kutlu MA, Uçar R, Özdemir S, Kökten K, Mokhtarzadeh S, Ekmekçi M. COMPARISON OF HONEY, POLLEN AND PROPOLIS AMOUNTS AND HONEY QUALITY OBTAINED FROM BEE PASTURE AND HIGHLAND. U.Arı D.-U.Bee J. 2023;23(2):190-201.

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