IDENTIFICATION OF THE BOTANICAL ORIGIN AND DETERMINATION OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF HONEY SAMPLES COLLECTED FROM THE SARY-CHELEK BIOSPHERE RESERVE OF KYRGYZSTAN

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 24 Sayı: 1, 64 - 78, 29.05.2024

Nazgül Ishenbaeva Mukarama Musulmanova Jamila Smanalıeva

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1423188

Öz

Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve is one of the richest rare flora and animal reserves in Kyrgyzstan. The natural environment of the Sary-Chelek Biosphere Reserve is exceptionally favourable to high-quality honey production. Botanical authenticity is the main factor influencing honey prices, as it has a direct impact on the quality of honey. Producing monofloral honey in a natural landscape is challenging because, throughout the beekeeping season, multiple melliferous plants bloom at the same time. The article describes for the first time the botanical origin and physicochemical characteristics of honey collected in this biosphere reserve and also determines the influence of the dominant honey plant on organoleptic, physicochemical, and food safety indicators. Pollen grains of 50 taxa of nectar sources and about 10 taxa of pollen sources were identified. There were unique plant pollens in the samples; nine of the samples were monofloral honey—three of sage (Salvia officinalis L.), four of thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.), and two of eremurus (Eremurus fuscus O.Fedtsch), and eight samples were polyfloral honey. High diastase activity was found in samples of thyme honey (41.1 ± 2.9 Gothe) and in samples of sage honey (31.3 ± 2.2 Gothe). The physicochemical and food safety parameters of the honey samples comply with the established norms and international standards.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Melliferous plants, Honey, Nectar, Pollen analysis, Quality

Kırgızistan'ın Sarı-Çelek Biyosfer Rezervinden Toplanan Bal Örneklerinin Botanik Kökeninin ve Fizikokimyasal Parametrelerinin Belirlenmesi

Öz

Sary-Chelek Biyosfer Rezervi, Kırgızistan'daki en zengin nadir bitki örtüsü ve hayvan rezervlerinden biridir. Sary-Chelek Biyosfer Rezervi'nin doğal ortamı, yüksek kaliteli bal üretimi için son derece elverişlidir. Botanik özgünlük, balın kalitesi üzerinde doğrudan bir etkiye sahip olduğu için bal fiyatlarını etkileyen ana faktördür. Doğal bir peyzajda tek çiçekli bal üretmek zordur çünkü arıcılık sezonu boyunca birden fazla melez bitki aynı anda çiçek açar. Bu makale, bu biyosfer rezervinde toplanan balın botanik kökenini ve fizikokimyasal özelliklerini ilk kez tanımlamakta ve ayrıca baskın bal bitkisinin organoleptik, fizikokimyasal ve gıda güvenliği göstergeleri üzerindeki etkisini belirlemektedir. Nektar kaynaklarının 50 taksonuna ait polen taneleri ve polen kaynaklarının yaklaşık 10 taksonu tanımlanmıştır. Örneklerde benzersiz bitki polenleri vardı; örneklerin dokuzu monofloral baldı - üçü adaçayı (Salvia officinalis L.), dördü kekik (Thymus vulgaris L.) ve ikisi eremurus (Eremurus fuscus O. Fedtsch) ve sekiz örnek polifloral baldı. Yüksek diastaz aktivitesi kekik balı (41.1 ± 2.9 Gothe) ve adaçayı balı (31.3 ± 2.2 Gothe) örneklerinde bulunmuştur. Bal örneklerinin fizikokimyasal ve gıda güvenliği parametreleri belirlenmiş normlara ve uluslararası standartlara uygundur.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Melez bitkiler, Bal, Nektar, Polen analizi, Kalite

Kaynakça

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