FREUD'S ENCOUNTER WITH CHARCOT AND HIS EPISTEMOLOGICAL BREAK

Öz

Jean-Martin Charcot was one of the most influential figures in Sigmund Freud’s life and works. Freud studied under Charcot for five months while he was twenty-nine years old. Charcot’s influence helped Freud to change his conception of science and it paved the way for the foundation of psychoanalysis. In this article, we will discuss the paradigm shift of Freud with the influence of Charcot. We will demarcate the epistemological differences between Charcot’s ideas and Viennese medical school. In this way, we will show what was fundamentally different in Freud’s thinking from his earlier paradigm. We aim to show what is the kernel of psychoanalysis and why it could have been founded only after importing Charcot’s ideas to the Viennese medical paradigm.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• History of Psychoanalysis
• Sigmund Freud
• Charcot
• Hysteria
• Hypnosis

FREUD'UN CHARCOT İLE KARŞILAŞMASI VE EPİSTEMOLOJİK KOPUŞ

Öz

Jean-Martin Charcot, Sigmund Freud’un hayatı ve eserleri üzerindeki en tesirli isimlerden biriydi. Freud, yirmi dokuz yaşındayken beş ay boyunca Charcot ile çalıştı. Charcot’nun etkisi, Freud’un bilim anlayışını değiştirmesine yardımcı oldu ve psikanalizin temellerini attı. Bu makalede, Freud'un paradigma değişimini Charcot'un etkisi üzerinden tartışacağız. Charcot’un fikirleri ile Viyana tıp fakültesi arasındaki epistemolojik farklılıklarının altını çizeceğiz. Bu şekilde, Freud’un düşüncesinde önceki paradigmasından temelde neyin farklı olduğunu göstereceğiz. Psikanalizin çekirdeğinin ne olduğunu ve neden ancak Charcot’un fikirlerini Viyana tıp paradigmasına aktardıktan sonra kurulabildiğini göstermeyi amaçlıyoruz.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Psikanaliz Tarihi
• Sigmund Freud
• Charcot
• Histeri
• Hipnoz

Kaynakça

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