Yabancılara yönelik tutumlarının çeşitli değişkenlere göre incelenmesi: Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesi örneklemi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 12, 74 - 100, 01.04.2025

Arzu Çalışkan Sarı

Öz

Bu çalışmada, üniversite personelinin yabancılara yönelik tutumlarının kültürlerarası duyarlılık, empatik eğilimler, muhafazakarlığın tarihi ve milli değerlere bakış açısı boyutu ve diğer bazı demografik değişkenlere göre incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmaya Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesinden 88 akademik ve idari personel katılmıştır. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, milliyetçi muhafazakarlık, kültürlerarası duyarlık, dindarlık düzeyi ve siyasi eğilim yabancılara yönelik tutumların yordayıcısıdır. Empati düzeyi, yabancılara yönelik tutumu yordamamıştır. Bu değişkenler yabancılara yönelik tutumların %43’ünü açıklamıştır. Cinsiyete göre yabancılara yönelik tutumda bir fark görülmezken kültürlerarası duyarlılıkta, siyasi eğilim ve milliyetçi muhafazakarlıkta kadın ve erkekler arasında anlamlı farklılıklar bulunmuştur. Yurtdışında bulunma deneyimi bulunan personelin bulunmayanlara kıyasla muhafazakarlık düzeyi düşükken kültürlerarası duyarlılığı daha yüksek çıkmıştır. İdari ve akademik personelin empati düzeyinde bir fark görülmezken, akademik personelin idari personele kıyasla kültürlerarası duyarlılığı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Değişkenler arası korelasyonlar incelendiğinde ise yabancılara yönelik olumlu tutumlar ile empati ve kültürlerarası duyarlılık arasında pozitif yönlü; milliyetçi muhafazakarlık ile ise de negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Kültürlerarası duyarlılıkla dindarlık seviyesi ve milliyetçi muhafazakarlık arasında negatif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler bulunmuştur. Son olarak, kültürlerarası duyarlılığın yüksek olmasıyla siyasi olarak sola yakın olma ve yüksek empati arasında ise pozitif yönlü anlamlı ilişkiler tespit edilmiştir. Mevcut çalışma, yabancı öğrenciler dışında farklı statüdeki yabancıların düşük yoğunluğu olan bir kentte üniversite personelinin yabancılara yönelik tutumlarını farklı açılardan değerlendirerek bu alandaki çalışmaları zenginleştirmiş ve özellikle cinsiyet, siyasi eğilim, dindarlık gibi bazı demografik değişkenlere göre yabancılara yönelik tutumlar konusundaki çelişkili bulguları tekrar incelemiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

yabancılara yönelik tutum;, empati;, kültürlerarası duyarlılık, muhafazakarlık, cinsiyet ve yabancılara yönelik tutum

Etik Beyan

Makale için Çankırı Karatekin Üniversitesinin 10.11.2023 tarih ve 36 sayılı Etik Kurul Onay Belgesi bulunmaktadır.

Destekleyen Kurum

Destekleyen bir kuruluş bulunmamaktadır.

Examining attitudes towards foreigners according to various variables: Çankırı Karatekin University sample

Öz

In this study, it was aimed to examine the attitudes of university staff towards foreigners according to intercultural sensitivity, empathic tendencies, the dimension of conservatism towards historical and national values and some other demographic variables. 88 academic and administrative staff from Çankırı Karatekin University participated in the study. According to the results of the study, nationalist conservatism, intercultural sensitivity, level of religiosity and political orientation are predictors of attitudes towards foreigners. Empathy level did not predict attitudes towards foreigners. These variables explained 43% of the attitudes towards foreigners. While there was no difference in attitudes towards foreigners according to gender, significant differences were found between men and women in intercultural sensitivity, political tendency and natioanlist conservatism. Compared to those who did not, staff with experience of living abroad had lower levels of nationalist conservatism and higher levels of intercultural sensitivity. While there was no difference in the level of empathy between administrative and academic staff, academic staff had higher intercultural sensitivity than administrative staff. When the correlations betwwen the variables were investigated, there were positive relationships between attitudes towards foreigner and emphaty andintercultural sensitivity while there were negative relationships between attitudes towards foreigners and nationalist conservatism. Significant negative correlations were found between intercultural sensitivity and level of religiosity and nationalist conservatism. Lastly, there were significant positive correlations between high intercultural sensitivity and being politically close to the left and high empathy. The current study enriched the studies in this field by evaluating the attitudes of university staff towards foreigners from different perspectives in a city with a low density of foreigners with different status other than foreign students, and re-examined the contradictory findings on attitudes towards foreigners according to some demographic variables such as gender, political orientation and religiosity.

Anahtar Kelimeler

attitude towards foreigners, empathy, intercultural sensitivity, conservatism, gender and attitude towards foreigners

Kaynakça

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