Büyük Vatanseverlik Savaşı’nda Savaş Suçu Bağlamında Sovyetler Birliği Propagandasında Nazi Almanya’sının Sunumu

Yıl 2021, Sayı: 22, 75 - 106, 01.12.2021

Mustafa Karaca Caner Çakı Abdülhakim Bahadır Darı

Öz

Büyük Vatanseverlik Savaşı, Sovyetler Birliği’nin İkinci Dünya Savaşı sırasında Nazi Almanya’sı ve müttefiklerine karşı verdiği mücadele dönemini ifade etmektedir. Bu dönemde Sovyetler Birliği, Nazi Almanya’sına karşı çeşitli propaganda faaliyetleri gerçekleştirmiştir. Nazilerin savaş sırasında savaş suçu işlediğine yönelik söylemlerin ortaya konulması da bu propaganda faaliyetlerinden bir kısmını oluşturmuştur. Bu süreçte Sovyetler Birliği’nde hazırlanan çeşitli propaganda posterlerinde Alman ordularının Sovyetler Birliği içerisinde savaş suçu işlediği iddia edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Büyük Vatanseverlik Savaşı sırasında Sovyetler Birliği’nde hazırlanan propaganda posterlerinde Nazi Almanya’sının savaş suçu bağlamında hangi yazılı ve görsel göstergeler üzerinden sunulduğunun ve Sovyetler Birliği’nin savaş suçu propagandası üzerinden Sovyetler Birliği halkına hangi mesajları vermeye çalışığının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla çalışmada örneklem olarak belirlenen propaganda posterleri ABD’li dilbilimci Charles Sanders Peirce’in göstergebilim kavramları ışığında savaş suçu boyutunda analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgularda propaganda posterleri üzerinden Nazi Almanya’sının sivillere zulmeden ve onları katleden katillerin ülkesi olarak sunulduğu ortaya konulmuştur. Bu şekilde Sovyetler Birliği’nin savaş suçu propagandası üzerinden Nazi Almanya’sına karşı Sovyetler Birliği halklarını topyekûn bir mücadeleye çağırdığı sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Büyük Vatanseverlik Savaşı, Savaş Suçu, Nazi Almanya’sı, Propaganda, Sovyetler Birliği, Suç

The Presentation of the Nazi Germany in the Soviet Union Propaganda in the Context of the War Crime in Great Patriotic War

Öz

The Great Patriotic War refers to the period of the Soviet Union's struggle against Nazi Germany and its allies during the Second World War. In this period, the Soviet Union conducted various propaganda activities against Nazi Germany. The discourses that the Nazis committed war crimes during the war is a part of these propaganda activities. In this process, it was claimed in various propaganda posters prepared in the Soviet Union that the German armies committed war crimes in the Soviet Union. Within the scope of the study, the written and visual indicators of the war crimes committed by the Nazi Germany used in the propaganda posters by the Soviet Union during the Great Patriotic War were investigated. In this context, it was aimed to reveal what messages were given to the people of the Soviet Union. For this purpose, propaganda posters determined as samples in the study were analysed in terms of war crimes, based on the semiotics concepts of the US linguist Charles Sanders Peirce. Within the framework of the findings, it was revealed that Nazi Germany through propaganda posters was presented as the country of murderers, which persecuted and murdered civilians. In this context, it was concluded that the Soviet Union called the peoples of the Soviet Union to a total struggle against Nazi Germany through war crime propaganda.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Great Patriotic War, War Crime, Nazi Germany, Propaganda, Soviet Union, Crime

Kaynakça

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