Nörobilim ve Tasarımın Kesişim Noktaları: Nörotasarım Araştırmasının Kapsam İncelemesi

Öz

Günümüzde tasarım araştırmalarında nörobilim temelli ölçüm araçlarının kullanımı, yaratıcı süreçleri yalnızca betimlemekle kalmayıp ölçülebilir değişkenler üzerinden tartışabilmeye imkân verdiği için her geçen gün önem kazanmaktadır. Tasarım uygulamalarında gözlem ve yoruma dayalı yaklaşımlar, fMRI, EEG ve göz izleme gibi bilişsel nörobilim yöntemleriyle problem çözme ve fikir üretmedeki dikkat, bellek, karar verme ve yaratıcılık süreçlerini daha somut inceleyerek kanıta dayalı bir çerçeveye yönelmektedir. Nörotasarım çalışmaları çerçevesinde kapsam analizi yöntemiyle hazırlanan bu çalışma, PRISMA-ScR ilkeleri doğrultusunda, tasarım alanında bilişsel nörobilim araçlarının kullanımına ilişkin literatürü kapsamlı biçimde taramayı amaçlamaktadır. Tarama sürecinde Scopus ve Web of Science veri tabanlarından 2009-2025 tarihleri kapsamında ‘neurodesign’ anahtar kelimesi kullanılarak veriler çıkarılmış, önceden belirlenen dahil etme/dışlama ölçütleriyle değerlendirme yapılmıştır. İncelemeye alınan çalışmalar, kullanılan araç/teknik (fMRI, EEG, göz izleme vb.), örneklem türü, görev türü ve ölçülen bilişsel işlevler gibi boyutlarda sınıflandırılmıştır. Bu sınıflandırma üzerinden alanın genel eğilimleri, kavramsal boşlukları ve tekrarlayan yöntemsel tercihleri tartışılmakta; ayrıca nörobilim bulgularının tasarım eğitimine ve profesyonel uygulamaya aktarılabilmesi için uygulanabilir öneriler sunulmaktadır. Sonuç olarak çalışma, gelecekte yürütülecek nörobilim temelli tasarım araştırmaları için hem yöntemsel bir yol haritası hem de kuramsal bir zemin önermeyi hedeflemektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Tasarım
• Nörobilim
• Nörotasarım
• Görsel İletişim.
• İletişim

Intersections of Neuroscience and Design: A Scoping Review of Neurodesign Research

Öz

Today, the use of neuroscience-based measurement tools in design research is gaining importance because they allow for discussing creative processes not only through description but also through measurable variables. Observational and interpretive approaches in design apolications are moving towards an evidence-based framework by examining attention, memory, decision-making, and creativity processes in problem-solving and idea generation more concretely using cognitive neuroscience methods such as fMRI, EEG, and eye-tracking. This study aims to review the literature comprehensively on the use of cognitive neuroscience tools in design, in accordance with the PRISMA-ScR principles. During the search process, data were extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science databases using the keyword ‘neurodesign’ for the years 2009-2025. After eliminating duplicate studies, evaluation was performed at the title-abstract and full-text stages using predefined inclusion/exclusion criteria. The studies reviewed were classified according to the tools/techniques used (fMRI, EEG, eye tracking, etc.), sample type (design student/professional designer), task type (idea generation, problem framing, evaluation, prototyping, etc.), and measured cognitive functions (attention, memory, problem solving, creativity). Based on this classification, general trends in the field, conceptual gaps, and recurring methodological choices are discussed; furthermore, feasible suggestions are offered for transferring neuroscience findings into design education and professional practice. In conclusion, the study aims to propose both a methodological roadmap and a theoretical foundation for future neuroscience-based design research.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Design
• Neuroscience
• Neurodesign
• Visual Communication
• Communication

Kaynakça

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