Assessing the Effect of Exercise-induced BDNF on Mental Health: A Systematic Review

Öz

As life expectancy increases, mental illnesses become more common health problems, significantly reducing patients' and their families' well-being and quality of life. Regular exercise is an effective strategy to prevent or delay the onset of these pathologies. It is thought to trigger benefits on brain health through neuroprotective cellular and molecular circulatory factors such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Therefore, this systematic review aims to summarize the current literature on the effect of exercise-induced BDNF on mental disorders and provide recommendations for creating exercise programs to ensure optimum benefit. The systematic review strategy was conducted according to PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) guidelines adapted for sports science. It was reported as a methodology in electronic database systematic research. Eight full-text studies were evaluated after the exclusion and inclusion criteria were conducted. Findings from this study suggest that increases in BDNF may mediate the positive effects on the mental health of 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic and resistance exercise per week for at least four weeks or the use of these exercises in combination with ongoing treatments or cognitive exercises. It can support the hypothesis that exercise may target individuals with mental disorders who exhibit reduced BDNF production. In conclusion, exercise-induced BDNF levels may improve the effectiveness of standard treatment interventions related to mental health and may be a potential biomarker associated with clinical improvement. However, to the results of this study, the fact that exercise types or combinations planned at different intensities and frequencies affect BDNF release differently makes it very difficult to create a standard exercise program that can improve mental health on BDNF based.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• anxiety
• BDNF
• Depression
• Exercise
• Mental Health

Egzersiz-Kaynaklı BDNF'nin Mental Sağlık Üzerindeki Etkisinin Değerlendirilmesi: Sistematik Derleme

Öz

Yaşam süresi uzadıkça mental hastalıklar daha yaygın sağlık sorunları haline gelerek hastaların ve ailelerinin refahını ve yaşam kalitesini oldukça azaltmaktadır. Bu patolojilerin başlamasını önlemek veya geciktirmek için etkili bir strateji olan düzenli egzersizin beyin-kaynaklı nörotrofik faktör (BDNF) gibi nöroprotektif nitelikli hücresel ve moleküler dolaşım faktörleri yoluyla beyin sağlığı üzerindeki faydaları tetiklediği düşünülmektedir. Bu nedenle, bu sistematik derleme, egzersiz kaynaklı BDNF’nin mental hastalıklar üzerindeki etkisine ilişkin güncel bilgileri özetlemeyi ve bu hastalıklara optimum fayda sağlayacak egzersiz programları oluşturmak için öneriler sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sistematik inceleme stratejisi, elektronik veri tabanı sistematik araştırmalarında bir metodoloji olarak spor bilimine uyarlanan raporlama maddeler bildirisi PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses) yönergelerine uygun şekilde yürütülmüştür. Bu kapsamda oluşturulan dışlama ve dahil edilme kriterleri göz önünde bulundurularak sekiz tam metin çalışma değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışmadan elde edilen bulgular, en az dört hafta boyunca ve haftada 150 dakika orta şiddetli aerobik ve direnç egzersizlerinin ya da bu egzersizlerin halihazırda devam eden tedavilerle veya bilişsel egzersizlerle birlikte kullanılmasının mental sağlık üzerindeki olumlu etkilerine BDNF'deki artışların aracılık edebileceğini göstermektedir. Bu durum egzersizin, düşük BDNF seviyelerine sahip mental hastalığı olan bireyleri hedefleyebileceği hipotezlerini desteklemektedir. Sonuç olarak egzersiz kaynaklı BDNF düzeylerinin mental sağlıkla ilişkili standart tedavi müdahalelerinin etkinliğini geliştirebileceği ve klinik iyileşmeyle ilişkili potansiyel bir biyobelirteç olabileceği düşünülmektedir. Buna rağmen özellikle farklı şiddet ve sıklıklarda planlanan egzersiz türlerinin ya da kombinasyonlarının BDNF salınımını farklı şekilde etkiliyor oluşu bu çalışma sonuçlarına dayanarak mental sağlığı BDNF kaynaklı geliştirebilecek standart bir egzersiz programı oluşturmayı oldukça zorlaştırmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• BDNF
• Depresyon
• Egzersiz
• Kaygı
• Mental Sağlık

Kaynakça

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