İntragastrik Balon Uygulamasının Obezitenin Cerrahi Dışı Yönetimindeki Rolü: Etkinlik, Tolerans ve Komplikasyonlar

Öz

Bu çalışma, bariatrik cerrahiye uygun olmayan hastalar için minimal invaziv bir alternatif olarak intragastrik balon (İGB) tedavisinin kilo verme etkinliğini, toleransını ve güvenliğini değerlendirmeyi amaçlamıştır. Haziran 2022 ile Ekim 2024 tarihleri arasında, yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri ile kilo vermeyi başaramayan 56 hastaya (18-65 yaş arası, VKİ > 27 kg/m2) endoskopik olarak sıvı dolu İGB yerleştirilmiştir. İntolerans vakaları ve gebelik nedeniyle erken çıkarma gerektiren bir hasta dışlandıktan sonra, 51 hastanın verileri (yüzde 51 kadın; ortalama yaş 29,4; başlangıç VKİ 34,8 kg/m2) altı aylık takip sonunda retrospektif olarak analiz edilmiştir. Sonuçlar anlamlı kilo kaybı göstermiştir: ortalama ağırlık 103,4 kg'dan 89,3 kg'a düşmüş (−14,1 kg), bu da %13,7 Toplam Vücut Ağırlığı Kaybı (TBWL:Total Body Weight Loss) ve %57,5 Fazla Kilolardan Kayıp (EWL:Excess Weight Loss) sağlamıştır. En iyi sonuçlar VKİ 30-35 kg/m2 alt grubunda gözlenmiştir (TBWL %17,4, EWL %68,9; p<0,05). İlerleyen yaş, kilo kaybı ile istatistiksel olarak anlamlı pozitif korelasyon gösterse de, bu ilişki klinik düzeyde sınırlı kalmıştır. Tedavi, sadece %7,2 intolerans oranı ve majör komplikasyon görülmemesi ile iyi tolere edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, İGB tedavisi, VKİ 30–35 kg/m2 aralığındaki hastalarda iyi sonuçlar sağlayan ve ilerleyen yaşla birlikte sınırlı düzeyde pozitif korelasyon gösteren, güvenli ve etkili bir kısa vadeli müdahaledir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obezite
• intragastrik balon
• endoskopik bariatrik tedavi
• kilo kaybı
• komplikasyonlar

The Role of Intragastric Balloon Application in Non-Surgical Management of Obesity: Efficacy, Tolerance, and Complications

Öz

This study aimed to evaluate the weight-loss efficacy, tolerability, and safety of intragastric balloon (IGB) therapy as a minimally invasive alternative for patients who do not undergo bariatric surgery. Between June 2022 and October 2024, liquid-filled IGBs were endoscopically placed in 56 patients (aged 18–65 years, BMI > 27 kg/m²) who had failed to lose weight through lifestyle modifications. Following the exclusion of cases involving intolerance and one patient who required early removal due to pregnancy, data from 51 patients (51% female; mean age 29.4 years; mean baseline BMI 34.8 kg/m²) were retrospectively analyzed at the 6-month follow-up. Results demonstrated significant weight loss, with mean weight decreasing from 103.4 kg to 89.3 kg (−14.1 kg), representing a 13.7% Total Body Weight Loss (TBWL) and 57.5% Excess Weight Loss (EWL). Optimal results were observed in the BMI 30–35 kg/m² subgroup (TBWL 17.4%, EWL 68.9%; p<0.05). While advancing age showed a statistically significant positive correlation with weight loss, this relationship was modest in clinical strength. The treatment was well-tolerated, with only a 7.2% intolerance rate and no major complications. In conclusion, IGB therapy is a safe and effective short-term intervention, providing optimal results in patients with a BMI of 30–35 kg/m² and showing a modest positive correlation with advancing age.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Obesity
• intragastric balloon
• endoscopic bariatric therapy
• weight loss
• complications

Kaynakça

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