Dışkı Bakısına Göre Kedi ve Köpeklerde Akciğer Kıl Kurtlarının Prevalansı

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 32 Sayı: 3, 104 - 108, 26.11.2021

Barış Aşılıoğlu Sami Gökpınar

https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.952844

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı Kırıkkale ve Ankara illerinde bulunan kedi ve köpeklerden toplanan dışkı örneklerinin akciğer kılkurdu larvalarının varlığı yönünden araştırılmasıdır. Bu amaçla 100 adet kedi ve 100 adet köpek dışkısı ayrı dışkı kaplarına alınmış ve soğuk zincir kurallarına uyularak aynı gün içinde laboratuvara ulaştırılmıştır. Bu örnekler Baermann-Wetzel yöntemi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. İncelenen kedi dışkılarından 4 tanesinde (%4) Aelurostrongylus abstrusus birinci dönem larvalarına rastlanırken, köpeklerin hiçbirinde akciğer nematodu larvalarına rastlanmamıştır. Kedilerde A. abstrusus larvaları ≤1 yaş kedilerde, 1 yaşından büyük kedilere göre, erkeklerde dişilere, melez ırklarda saf ırklara ve antiparaziter tedavi alan kedilerde almayanlara göre daha yüksek oranda bulunmuştur. Ancak bu etkenin kedilerdeki varlığı yönünden ırk, yaş, cinsiyet ve tedavi durumuna göre istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Sonuç olarak Türkiye’de kedilerde akciğer kılkurdu olarak baskın türün A. abstrusus olduğu, solunum sistemi belirtisi olan kedilerde bu etkenin enfeksiyon nedeni olarak göz önüne alınması gerektiği kanısına varılmıştır. Köpeklerde akciğer nematodlarının teşhisinde dışkı muayenesinin yanısıra salyalarında akciğer kıl kurdu larvaları yönünden incelemesinin kesin teşhis için daha yararlı olacağı düşünülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Akciğer, Kediler, Köpekler, Nematod

Prevalence of Lungworms According to Fecal Examination in Cats and Dogs

Öz

The aim of this study is to investigate the presence of lungworm larvae by examining fecal samples collected from cats and dogs in Kırıkkale and Ankara. For this purpose, feacal saples 100 cats and 100 dogs were taken into separate stool containers and delivered to the laboratory within the same day, following the cold chain rules. These samples were analyzed using the Baermann-Wetzel method. While A. abstrusus first instar larvae were found in 4 (4%) of the cat feces examined, lung nematode larvae were not found in any of the dogs. In cats, A. abstrusus larvae were found at a higher rate in cats 1 year old and younger than cats older than 1 year, males compared to females, cross breeds compared to pure breeds, and cats that received antiparasitic treatment compared to those that did not. However, there was no statistically significant difference in terms of the presence of this parasite in cats according to breed, age, sex, ownership and treatment status. As a result; It has been concluded that the dominant species as lungworm in cats in Turkey is A. abstrusus and that this parasite should be considered as the cause of infection in cats with respiratory system symptoms. In the diagnosis of lung nematodes in dogs, it is thought that the examination of the saliva together with the stool examination will be more useful for the definitive diagnosis.

Anahtar Kelimeler

cat, dog, Lung, Nematoda

Kaynakça

• Anderson RC (2000). Nematode Parasites of Vertebrates: Their Development and Transmission. CABI, Wallingford.
• Atasever A, Yazar S (2009). İmmun sistemi baskılanmış bir kedide Aelurostrongylus abstrusus pnömonisi. Türkiye Parazitol Derg, 33 (1), 89-91.
• Bowman D, Hendrix C, Lindsay D, Barr S (2002). Feline Clinical Parasitology. I. Edition. Iowa State University Press, Iowa.
• Brianti E, Giannetto S, Dantas-Torres F, Otranto D (2014). Lungworms of the genus Troglostrongylus (Strongylida: Crenosomatidae): neglected parasites for domestic cats. Vet Parasitol, 202, 104–112.
• Burgu A, Sarımehmetoğlu O (2004). Aelurostongylus abstrusus infection in two cats. Vet Rec, 154, 602-604.
• Carruth AJ, Buch JS, Braff JC, Chandrashekar R, Bowman DD (2019). Distribution of the feline Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in the USA based on fecal testing lungworm. JMSF Open Reports, 1-6.
• Cervone M, Giannelli A, Rosenberg D, Perrucci S, Otranto D (2018). Filaroidosis infection in an immunocompetent adult dog from France. Helminthologia, 55 (1), 77-83.
• Ciopaşiu RM, Berbece EF, Ionita M, Mitrea IL (2018). Clinical and epidemiological study on Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infection in cats, Romania; Preliminary data.
• Agriculture for Life Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings, 1(1), 428-431.
• Colella V, Knaus M, Lai O et al. (2019). Mice as paratenic hosts of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. Parasit Vector, 12, 49.
• Diakou A, Di Cesare A, Barros LA et al. (2015). Occurrence of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior in domestic cats in Greece. Parasit Vector, 8, 590.
• Di Cesare A, Di Francesco G, Di Regalbono AF et al. (2015). Retrospective study on the occurrence of the feline lungworms Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus spp. in endemic areas of Italy. Vet J, 203 (2), 233-238.
• Doğanay A (1983). Ankara sokak köpeklerinde görülen helmint türleri, bunların yayılışı ve halk sağlığı açısından önemi. Ankara Üniv Vet Fak Derg, 30, 550-561.
• Doğanay A, Öge H, Öge S, Yıldız K (2018). Nenatoda (Yuvarlak helmintler). Doğanay A (Ed). Helmintoloji (s. 149-340). Ankara Nobel Tıp Kitabevleri Ltd Şti, Ankara.
• Elsheikha HM, Wright I, Wang B, Schaper R (2019). Prevalence of feline lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in England. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud, 16, 100271.
• Falsone L, Colella V, Napoli E, Brianti E, Otranto D (2017). The cockroach Periplaneta americana as a potential paratenic host of the lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus. Exp Parasitol, 182, 54-57.
• Giannelli A, Brianti E, Varcasia A et al. (2015). Efficacy of Broadline_ spot-on against Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and Troglostrongylus brevior lungworms in naturally infected cats from Italy. Vet Parasitol, 209, 273–277.
• Giannelli A, Capelli G, Joachim A et al. (2017). Lungworms and gastrointestinal parasites of domestic cats: a European perspective. Int J Parasitol, 47 (9), 517-528.
• Gökpınar S, Yıldız K (2010). Çeşitli sıcaklık derecelerinin kedi dışkısındaki Aelurostrongylus abstrusus 1. dönem larvasının canlılığına etkisi. Turkiye Parazitol Derg, 34 (2), 102-105.
• Hansen AP, Skarbye LK, Vinther LM et al. (2017). Occurrence and clinical significance of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus and another endoparasites in Danish cats. Vet Parasitol, 234, 31-39.
• Jezewski W, Buńkowska-Gawlik K, Hildebrand J, Perec-Matysiak A, Laskowski Z (2013). Intermediate and paratenic hosts in the life cycle of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in natural environment. Vet Parasitol, 198, 401–405.
• Kiszely S, Gyurkovszky M, Solymosi N, Farkas R (2019). Survey of lungworm infection of domestic cats in Hungary. Acta Vet Hung, 67 (3), 407-417.
• Latrofa MS, Lia RP, Giannelli A et al. (2015). Crenosoma vulpis in wild and domestic carnivores from Italy: a morphological and molecular study. Parasitol Res, 114, 3611-3617.
• Lopez-Osorio S, Navarro-Ruiz JL, Rave A et al. (2021). Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infections in domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) from Antioquia, Colombia. Pathogens, 10, 337.
• Miro G, Montoya A, Jimenez S et al. (2004). Prevalence of antibodies to Toxoplasma gondii and intestinal parasites in stray, farm and household cats in Spain. Vet Parasitol, 126, 249-255.
• Morgan E, Shaw S (2010). Angiostrongylus vasorum infection in dogs: continuing spread and developments in diagnosis and treatment. J Small Anim Pract, 51 (12), 616-621.
• Nabais J, Alho AM, Gomes L et al. (2014). Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in cats and Angiostrongylus vasorum in dogs From Lisbon, Portugal. Acta Parasitol Port, 20 (1/2), 35-40.
• Olsen CS, Willesen JL, Pipper CB, Mejer H (2015). Occurrence of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Railliet, 1898) in Danish cats: A modified lung digestion method for isolating adult worms. Vet Parasitol, 210, 32-39.
• Pamukçu AM, Ertürk E (1961). 1933-1960 yılları arasında Ankara ve yöresinde köpeklerde görülen hastalıklara toplu bir bakış. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 8, 323-346.
• Payo-Puente P, Botelho-Dinis M, Urueña AMC et al. (2008). Prevalence study of the lungworm Aelurostrongylus abstrusus in stray cats of Portugal. J Feline Med Surg, 10, 242-246.
• Robben SR, Le Nobel WE, Döpfer D et al. (2004). Infections with helminths and/or protozoa in cats in animal shelters in the Netherlands. Tijdschr Diergeneeskd, 129, 2-6.
• Stoichev I, Sherkov S, Halachev M (1982). Pathology of cats from a region of Bulgaria with human endemic nephropathy. J Comp Pathol, 92, 99-107.
• Tiğin Y (1972). Ankara’da bir köpekte tespit edilen Angiostrongylus vasorum Baillet, 1866 olayı. Ankara Univ Vet Fak Derg, 19, 76-84.
• Traversa D, Lia RP, Iorio R et al. (2008). Diagnosis and risk factors of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus (Nematoda, Strongylida) infection in cats from Italy. Vet Parasitol, 153, 182–186.
• Traversa D, Di Cesare A, Conboy G (2010). Canine and feline cardiopulmonary parasitic nematodes in Europe: emerging and underestimated. Parasit Vector, 3, 62.
• Tüzer E, Toparlak M, Gargılı A, Keleş V, Ulutaş Esatgil M (2002). A Case of Aelurostrongylus abstrusus infection in a cat in İstanbul, Turkey and its treatment with moxidectin and levamisole. Turk J Vet Anim Sci, 26, 411-414.
• Umur Ş, Barılı Ö, Gencay Topçu EB, Gürler AT (2020). Report of a Troglostrongylus brevior case in a domestic cat in Turkey. Turkiye Parazitol Derg, 44 (3), 176-178.
• Waap H, Gomes J, Nunes T (2014). Parasite communities in stray cat populations from Lisbon, Portugal. J Helminthol, 88, 389–395.
• Woods M, Mcdonald R, Harris S (2013). Predation of wildlife by domestic cats Felis catus in Great Britain. Mamm Rev, 33, 177–184.
• Yıldız K, Gökpınar S (2011). Aelurostrongylus abstrusus ile doğal enfekte kedi akciğerlerinin taramalı elektron mikroskobu ile incelenmesi. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg, 17 (2), 315-318.
• Zajac AM, Conboy GA (2012). Veterinary Clinical Parasitology. 8th Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.