Modulation of the Immune System and Hemogram Parameters by Prunus spinosa in Short-Term Hyperglycemia

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 34 Sayı: 3, 230 - 236, 27.11.2023

Mehmet Ali Temiz , Emine Okumuş

https://doi.org/10.36483/vanvetj.1293096

Öz

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic diseases, relationship increased blood glucose level, that requires urgent global attention due to its prevalence and associated complications. DM leads to oxidative stress that plays an important role in the development of various complications in diabetes by suppressing the immune system. Prunus spinosa is a plant that has been used in the treatment of many diseases from past to present, thanks to its high antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study aims to research the effect of P. spinosa leaf and flower mixture on immune system during the short-term diabetic condition. In the study, 56 Wistar albino male rats divided into 7 groups, one of which control and others six diabetic groups, were used to determine the effects of P. spinosa on adenosine deaminase (ADA), (xanthine oxidase) XO and myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities in the liver tissues of diabetic rats as well as on hemogram parameters. Two of these groups were given plant extract in different concentrations (25 and 50 mg/kg bw) and the results were compared with insulin, metformin and acarbose groups. The results showed that both doses administered had a modulating effect on the changing hematological parameters caused by diabetes. Treatment groups significantly decreased ADA, XO, and MPO activities compared to diabetic group. The effects of the PSE50 were found to be more effective than all other treatment. These effects of the plant in diabetesmay be due to its therapeutic immunoregulatory potential. As a result, P. spinosa can be a valuable resource as an adjuvant on diabetes.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adenosine deaminase, Hematology, Immunity, Myeloperoxidase, Prunus spinosa, Xanthine oxidase

Destekleyen Kurum

Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University Scientific Research Projects Foundation

Proje Numarası

24-M-18

Kısa Süreli Hiperglisemide Prunus spinosa Tarafından Bağışıklık Sistemi ve Hemogram Parametrelerinin Modülasyonu

Öz

Diabetes mellitus (DM), prevalansı ve ilişkili komplikasyonları nedeniyle acil küresel dikkat gerektiren, kan glukoz düzeyi ile ilişkili kronik hastalıklardan biridir. DM, bağışıklık sistemini baskılayarak diyabette çeşitli komplikasyonların gelişiminde önemli rol oynayan oksidatif strese yol açar. Prunus spinosa, yüksek antioksidan aktivitesi sayesinde geçmişten günümüze birçok hastalığın tedavisinde kullanılan bir bitkidir. Bu nedenle, bu çalışma kısa süreli diyabetik durumda P. spinosa yaprak ve çiçek karışımının bağışıklık sistemi üzerindeki etkisini araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada, diyabetik sıçanların karaciğer dokularında P. spinosa’nın adenozin deaminaz (ADA), ksantin oksidaz (XO) ve miyeloperoksidaz (MPO) aktiviteleri ve hemogram parametreleri üzerine etkilerini belirlemek amacıyla biri kontrol, diğerleri altı diyabetik grup olmak üzere 7 gruba ayrılan 56 Wistar albino erkek sıçan kullanıldı. Bu gruplardan ikisine farklı konsantrasyonlarda (25 ve 50 mg/kg canlı ağırlık) bitki ekstraktı verildi ve sonuçlar insülin, metformin ve akarboz grupları ile karşılaştırıldı. Sonuçlar, uygulanan her iki dozun diyabetin neden olduğu değişen hematolojik parametreler üzerinde modüle edici bir etkiye sahip olduğunu gösterdi. Tedavi grupları, diyabetik gruba kıyasla ADA, XO ve MPO aktivitelerini önemli ölçüde azalttı. PSE50’nin etkilerinin diğer tüm tedavi gruplarından daha etkili olduğu bulundu. Bitkinin diyabetteki bu etkileri, terapötik immün düzenleyici potansiyeline bağlı olabilir. Sonuç olarak P. spinosa, diyabet üzerinde bir adjuvan olarak değerli bir kaynak olabilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Adenozin deaminaz, Bağışıklık, Hematoloji, Ksantin oksidaz, Miyeloperoksidaz, Prunus spinosa

Proje Numarası

24-M-18

Kaynakça

• Ammann P, Pfisterer M, Fehr T, Rickli H (2004). Raised cardiac troponins. Br Med J, 328, 1028-1029.
• Aseer KR, Kim SW, Choi MS, Yun JW (2015). Opposite expression of SPARC between the liver and pancreas in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. PLoS One, 10 (6), e0131189, 1-26.
• Balta I, Sevastre B, Mireşan V et al. (2019). Protective effect of blackthorn fruits (Prunus spinosa) against tartrazine toxicity development in albino Wistar rats. BMC Chem, 13 (104), 1-11.
• Baltzis D, Meimeti E, Grammatikopoulou MG et al. (2018). Assessment of telomerase activity in leukocytes of type 2 diabetes mellitus patients having or not foot ulcer: possible correlation with other clinical parameters. Exp Ther Med, 15 (4), 3420-3424.
• Bauerle JD, Grenz A, Kim JH, Lee HT, Eltzschig HK (2011). Adenosine generation and signaling during acute kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol, 22 (1), 14-20.
• Bhat MY, Gul MZ, Husain MK, Ghazi IA (2019). In vitro evaluation of antiproliferative, lipoxygenase and xanthine oxidase inhibitory activities of Artemisia nilagirica (C.B.Clarke) Pamp. leaf extracts. Indian J Pharm Sci, 81 (2), 389-395.
• Bozonet SM, Carr AC (2019). The role of physiological vitamin c concentrations healthy individuals. Nutrients, 11 (6), 1363.
• Bradley PP, Priebat DA, Christensen RD, Rothstein G (1982). Measurement of cutaneous inflammation: estimation of neutrophil content with an enzyme marker. J Investig Dermatol,78, 206-209.
• Condello M, Pellegrinia E, Spugnini EP et al. (2019). Anticancer activity of “Trigno M”, extract of Prunus spinosa drupes, against in vitro 3D and in vivo colon cancer models. Biomed Pharmacother, 118, 109281.
• Dayani SB, Asgarbeik S, Asadi M, Amoli MM (2022). Adenosine deaminase gene variant in diabetes and obesity. J Diabetes Metab Disord, 21 (1), 333-338.
• Dennis JM, Henley WE, Mc Govern AP et al. (2019). Time trends in prescribing of type 2 diabetes drugs, glycaemic response and risk factors: A retrospective analysis of primary care data, 2010-2017. Diabetes Obes Metab, 21 (7), 1576-1584.
• Desco MC, Asensi M, Marquez R et al.(2002). Xanthine oxidase is involved in free radical production in type 1 diabetes: protection by allopurinol. Diabetes, 51 (4), 1118-1124.
• Durak I, Biri H, Devrim E, Sözen S, Avci A (2004). Aqueous extract of Urtica dioica makes significant inhibition on adenosine deaminase activity in prostate tissue from patients with prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther, 3 (9), 855-857.
• Dwenger A, Funck M, Lueken B, Schweizer G, Lehmann U (1992). Effect of ascorbic acid on neutrophil functions and hypoxanthine/xanthine oxidase -generated, oxygen-derived radicals. Clin Chem Lab Med, 30, 187-192.
• Egba SI, Famurewa AC, Omoruyi LE (2022). Buchholzia coriacea seed extract attenuates mercury-induced cerebral and cerebellar oxidative neurotoxicity via NO signaling and suppression of oxidative stress, adenosine deaminase and acetylcholinesterase activities in rats. Avicenna J Phytomed, 12 (1), 42-53.
• Gegotek A, Skrzydlewska E (2022). Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory activity of ascorbic acid. Antioxidants, 11 (10), 1993.
• Giusti G (1974). Adenosine deaminase. Bergmeyer HU (Ed). Methods of Enzymatic Analysis (pp. 1092-1099). Academic Press, New York.
• IDF (2022). The International Diabetes Federation. Erişim tarihi: 10 February 2023. Erişim Adresi: https://diabetesatlas.org/atlas/tenth-edition/.
• Jablonska-Rys E, Zalewska-Korona M, Kalbarczyk J (2009). Antioxidant capacity, ascorbic acid and phenolic content in wild edible fruits. J Fruit Ornam Plant Res, 17 (2), 115-120.
• Kaikini AA, Dhodi D, Muke S et al. (2020). Standardization of type 1 and type 2 diabetic nephropathy models in rats: Assessment and characterization of metabolic features and renal injury. J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 12 (3), 295-307.
• Karakas N, Okur ME, Ozturk I et al. (2019). Antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effects of Prunus spinosa L. fruit extract on various cancer cell lines. Medeni Med J, 34 (3), 297-304.
• Konsue A, Picheansoonthon C, Talubmook C (2017). Fasting blood glucose levels and hematological values in normal and streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats of Mimosa pudica L. extracts. Pharmacogn J, 9 (3), 315-322.
• Kucharska AZ, Sokol-Letowska A (2008). Chemical composition and use of wild fruit. Przemyśl-Bolestrasze Conference, Poland.
• Lee HS, Coates GA (1999). Vitamin C in frozen, fresh squeezed, unpasteurized, polyethylene-bottled orange juice: a storage study. Food Chem, 65 (2), 165-168.
• Li R, Tan Y, Li Y et al. (2020). Effects of Tart Cherry Powder on Serum Uric Acid inHyperuricemia Rat Model. EvidBased Complementary Altern Med, 1454305, 1-8.
• Magiera A, Czerwinska ME, Owczarek A et al. (2022). Polyphenol-enriched extracts of Prunus spinosa fruits: Anti-Inflammatory and antioxidant effects in human immune cells ex vivo in relation to phytochemical profile. Molecules, 27 (5), 1691.
• Mahmoud AM (2013). Hematological alterations in diabetic rats-Role of adipocytokines and effect of citrus flavonoids. EXCLI J, 12, 647-657.
• Mandal SC, Mandal V, Konishi T (2018). Natural products and drug discovery: An integrated approach. 1. Editon. Amsterdam, Netherlands, Elsevier.
• Marchelak A, Owczarek A, Matczak M et al. (2017). Bioactivity potential of Prunus spinosa L. flower extracts: Phytochemical profiling, cellular safety, pro-inflammatory enzymesinhibition and protective effects against oxidative stress in vitro. Front Pharmacol, 8, 680.
• Naidu KA (2003). Vitamin C in human health and disease is still a mystery ? An overview. Nutr J, 2, 7.
• Olugbuyi AO, Oladipo GO, Malomo SA, Ijarotimi SO, Fagbemi TN (2022). Biochemical ameliorating potential of optimized dough meal from plantain (Musa AAB), soycake (Glycine max) and rice bran (Oryza sativa) flour blends in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Applied Food Res, 2 (1), 100097.
• Pandey P, Bhatt PC, Rahman M et al. (2018). Preclinical renal chemo-protective potential ofPrunus amygdalus Batsch seed coat via alterationof multiple molecular pathways. Arch. Physiol. Biochem, 124 (1), 88-96.
• Peter K, Gandhi P (2017). Rediscovering the therapeutic potential of Amaranthus species: A review. Egypt J Basic Appl Sci, 4 (3), 196-205.
• Pinacho R, Cavero RY, Astiasaran I, Ansorena D, Calvo MI (2015). Phenolic compounds of blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) and influence of in vitro digestion on their antioxidant capacity. JFF, 19, 49-62.
• Popovic BM, Blagojevic B, Ždero Pavlovic R et al. (2020). Comparison between polyphenol profile and bioactive response in blackthorn (Prunus spinosa L.) genotypes from north Serbiafrom raw data to PCA analysis. Food Chem, 302, 125373.
• Prajda N, Weber G (1975). Malignant transformation-linked imbalance: decreased xanthine oxidase activity in hepatomas. FEBS Lett, 59 (2), 245-249.
• Sikora E, Bieniek MI, Borczak B (2013). Composition and antioxidant properties of fresh and frozen stored blackthorn fruits (Prunus spinosa L.). Acta Sci Pol Technol Aliment, 12 (4), 365-372.
• Singh M, Shin S (2009). Changes in erythrocyte aggregation and deformability in diabetesmellitus: a brief review. Indian J Exper Biol, 47 (1), 7-15.
• Soehnlein O (2009). An elegant defense: how neutrophils shape the immune response. Trends Immunol, 30 (11), 511-512.
• Sun L, Miao M (2020). Dietary polyphenols modulate starch digestion and glycaemic level: A review. Crit. Rev. Food Sci Nutr, 60 (4), 541-555.
• Tabart J, Franck T, Kevers C et al. (2012). Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Ribes nigrum extracts. Food Chem, 131 (4), 1116-1122.
• Temiz MA, Okumus E, Yaman T, Keles OF (2021). Mixture of leaf andflower extract ofPrunus spinosaL. alleviates hyperglycemia and oxidative stressin streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. S Afr J Bot,141, 145-151.
• Temiz MA, Okumus E (2022). The effect of bioactive compounds of Prunus spinosaleaves and flowers mixture on the antioxidant capacity in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. C R Acad Bulg Sci, 75 (10), 1530-1539.
• Temiz MA (2023). Effects of Scorzonera cinerea on immune system and hematological parameters in short-term hyperglycemia. Clin Exp Health Sci, 13 (1), 129-136.
• Yakubu MT, Akanji MA, Oladiji AT (2007). Hematological evaluation in male albino rats following chronic administration of aqueous extract of Fadogia agrestis stem. Pharmacogn Mag, 3 (9), 34-38.
• Yi LY, Li J, Su DX et al. (2012). Hypouricemic effect of the methanol extract from Prunus mume fruit in mice. Pharm Biol, 50 (11), 1423-1427.