The Relationship between Technological Innovation and Economic Growth in EU Countries: A System GMM Approach

Öz

Purpose: This study aims to investigate the effects of technological innovation and scientific research on economic growth in European Union (EU) countries. It emphasizes the importance of prioritizing these factors for sustainable development and global competitiveness. Methodology: The research, conducted using panel data analysis and the System GMM method, examines the relationship between R&D expenditures and per capita Gross Domestic Product (GDP). Findings: Existing research indicates that innovation and research positively affect economic performance. Technological innovation supports economic expansion by enabling the creation of new products and improving production methods, while scientific research also makes a significant contribution to economic growth. The study confirms a positive relationship between R&D expenditures and GDP per capita, indicating economic growth. Originality: In contrast to existing literature, the results are analyzed comparatively on EU countries using methods such as Prais-Winsten and System GMM. Additionally, the discussion conducted on the group of EU member states addresses the concepts of sustainable development and global competitiveness.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• EU
• Innovation Economics
• Panel Data Analysis
• Prais-Winsten
• System GMM

Avrupa Birliği Ülkelerinde Teknolojik İnovasyon ile Ekonomik Büyüme Arasındaki İlişki: Bir Sistem GMM Yaklaşımı

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma, Avrupa Birliği (AB) ülkelerinde teknolojik yenilik ve bilimsel araştırmanın ekonomik büyüme üzerindeki etkilerini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Sürdürülebilir kalkınma ve küresel rekabetçilik açısından bu faktörlerin önceliklendirilmesinin önemini vurgulamaktadır. Yöntem: Panel veri analizi ve Sistem GMM yöntemi kullanılarak yapılan araştırma, Ar-Ge harcamaları ile kişi başına düşen Gayri Safi Yurtiçi Hasıla (GSYİH) arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektedir. Bulgular: Mevcut araştırmalar, inovasyon ve araştırmanın ekonomik performansı olumlu yönde etkilediğini ortaya koymaktadır. Teknolojik yenilik, yeni ürünlerin yaratılmasını ve üretim yöntemlerinin iyileştirilmesini sağlayarak ekonomik genişlemeyi desteklerken, bilimsel araştırma da ekonomik büyümeye önemli katkıda bulunmaktadır. Yapılan araştırma, Ar-Ge harcamaları ile GSYİH arasında pozitif bir ilişki olduğunu doğrulamaktadır, bu da ekonomik büyümeyi göstermektedir. Özgünlük: Mevcut literatürden farklı olarak, Prais-Winsten ve Sistem GMM gibi yöntemlerle sonuçlar karşılaştırılmalı olarak AB ülkeleri üzerinde analiz edilmektedir. Ayrıca AB üye ülke grubu üzerinde yürütülen tartışma ile sürdürülebilir kalkınma ve küresel rekabetçilik kavramları ele alınmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• AB
• Yenilik Ekonomisi
• Panel Veri Analizi
• Prais-Winsten
• Sistem GMM

Kaynakça

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