İMPLANTASYON PENCERESİ

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 14 Sayı: 3, 108 - 117, 30.12.2023

Aslınur Keleş , Alev Gürol Bayraktaroğlu

https://doi.org/10.38137/vftd.1294795

Öz

İmplantasyon, gebelikte embriyo ile endometriyum epiteli arasında sürekli olarak temasın sağlanmasıdır. Endometriyumun implantasyona açık olduğu dönem, implantasyon penceresi olarak tanımlanmaktadır. İmplantasyon penceresi döneminde birçok molekül etkili olmaktadır. Hormonlar, sitokinler, kemokinler, adezyon molekülleri, büyüme faktörleri ve çeşitli genlerin etkisi ile bu süreç koordineli bir şekilde yönetilmektedir. İmplantasyon bu faktörlerin etkisi ile sırasıyla apozisyon, adezyon ve invazyon aşamalarından oluşmaktadır. Bu aşamalar sadece implantasyon penceresinde gerçekleşebilmektedir.
Başarılı bir implantasyon olmadan, embriyonun gebeliğin diğer dönemlerine geçişi mümkün değildir ve gebelik erken embriyonik ölümle sonuçlanmaktadır. Bu açıdan multifaktöriyel birçok molekülün koordinasyonuyla meydana gelen implantasyonda, implantasyon penceresi zaman aralığı gebelik sürecindeki kritik noktalardan biridir. Bu derlemede sağlıklı bir gebeliğin oluşabilmesi için gerekli olan başarılı bir implantasyon ve implantasyon penceresi hakkında bilgi verilmeye çalışılmıştır. Fakat bilinmelidir ki, implantasyon mekanizmaları tüm bilinenlere rağmen hala tam olarak aydınlatılamamıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Blastosist, embriyo, endometriyum, implantasyon, implantasyon penceresi

WINDOW of IMPLANTATION

Öz

Implantation is the establishment of continuous contact between the embryo and the endometrial epithelium of the uterus. The period when the endometrium is open to implantation; known as the implantation window. Many molecules are effective during the implantation window period. This process is managed with the effect of hormones, cytokines, chemokines, adhesion molecules, growth factors and various genes. Implantation consists of apposition, adhesion and invasion stages, respectively, with the effect of these factors. These stages can only be performed in the implantation window.
Without successful implantation, transition of the embryo to other stages of pregnancy is not possible and pregnancy results in early embryonic death. In this respect, implantation is one of the most critical moments in the reproductive process. In this review, it has been tried to give in-depth information about a successful implantation, which is necessary for a healthy pregnancy. However, it should be known that the mechanisms of implantation are still not fully elucidated despite all the known ones.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Blastocyst, embryo, endometrium, implantation, windows of implantation

Kaynakça

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