MAKİNE Mİ, İNSAN MI? HARİKALAR DİYARINDA BİR ÇEVİRİ ÇALIŞMASI

Öz

Bu çalışma, edebi metin çevirilerinde makine çevirisinin Türkçe–İngilizce dil çiftindeki güncel potansiyelini incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu doğrultuda, Alice Harikalar Diyarında adlı eserden deyimler, kültürel ögeler, metaforlar ve kelime oyunları gibi edebi unsurlar açısından zengin yaklaşık 200 kelimelik bir kesit seçilmiştir. İngilizce kaynak metin ile metnin profesyonel bir insan çevirisi ve ChatGPT tarafından üretilen makine çevirisi, 3. sınıf mütercim ve tercümanlık öğrencilerine Çeviri A ve Çeviri B olarak sunulmuştur. Katılımcılar, kaynak metin ve çevirileri karşılaştırarak açık uçlu sorulardan oluşan bir anket aracılığıyla çevirilere ilişkin genel değerlendirmelerde bulunmuş, hangi çevirinin makine çevirisi olduğunu düşündüklerini gerekçeleriyle açıklamış ve edebi metinlerde makine çevirisinin gelecekte insan çevirisinin yerini alıp alamayacağına dair görüşlerini belirtmişlerdir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, katılımcıların yaklaşık %74’ü makine çevirisini doğru biçimde tespit etmiş; birebir çeviri eğilimi, yapaylık, duygusal yetersizlik, robotik dil kullanımı ve deyim aktarımındaki hatalar bu tespitin başlıca gerekçeleri olarak öne çıkmıştır. Ayrıca katılımcıların %74’ü insan çevirisi olan Çeviri A’yı tercih ettiklerini belirtmiş; doğallık, bağlama uygunluk, isabetli kelime seçimleri ile deyimsel ve kültürel ifadelerin başarılı aktarımı tercih nedenleri arasında yer almıştır. Sonuç olarak, güncel durumda makine çevirisinin edebi metin çevirilerinde profesyonel insan çevirisine göre daha az yeterli olduğu; özellikle bağlam, duygu aktarımı ve kelime oyunları gibi edebi boyutlarda yetersiz kaldığı ve bu nedenle ayırt edilebilir olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Edebi çeviri
• makine çevirisi
• insan çevirisi
• yapay zekâ
• çocuk edebiyatı

MACHINE OR HUMAN? A TRANSLATION STUDY IN WONDERLAND

Öz

This study aims to examine the current potential of machine translation in English–Turkish literary translations. For this purpose, a section of approximately 200 words, rich in literary elements such as idioms, cultural references, metaphors, and wordplay, was selected from the work Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. The English source text, along with a professional human translation and a machine translation generated by ChatGPT, was presented to third-year Translation and Interpreting students as Translation A and Translation B. By comparing the source text and the translations, participants provided general evaluations through an open-ended survey, explained which translation they believed to be the machine output with their justifications, and shared their views on whether machine translation could replace human translation in literary texts in the future. According to the findings, approximately 74% of the participants correctly identified the machine translation; the main justifications for this identification included a tendency toward literal translation, artificiality, emotional inadequacy, robotic language use, and errors in rendering idioms. Additionally, 74% of participants stated that they preferred Translation A (the human translation), citing naturalness, contextual appropriateness, accurate word choices, and the successful transfer of idiomatic and cultural expressions as reasons. Consequently, it was observed that in its current state, machine translation is less proficient than professional human translation in literary works, remaining inadequate and thus distinguishable particularly in literary dimensions such as context, emotional resonance, and wordplay.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Literary translation
• machine translation
• human translation
• artificial intelligence
• children’s literature

Kaynakça

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