Chinese Foreign Policy Toward the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict: From a Pro-Palestinian Rhetoric to Mediation Diplomacy

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 148 - 185, 30.08.2023

Emine Alp

Öz

This study examines in broad terms the evolution of Chinese foreign policy toward the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and discusses its relationship to the policies pursued by China in the Middle East region. The main argument of the study is that the primary motive for China’s policy on the question of Palestine is pragmatism. This is because China’s support for the Palestinians, which has been ongoing for more than half a century, has essentially been a means of gaining the trust of Middle Eastern countries and enhancing its international status. While the rapprochement with Israel in the post-Mao era has led to a revision of China’s pro-Palestinian stance and its historical position in the conflict, Sino-Israeli relations have gained momentum thanks to developing economic ties centered on advanced technology. So much so that China’s diverse support for the Palestinian side has gradually waned, shifting from a pro-Palestinian and anti-Israel policy to a mediating position. China’s approach to the conflict parallels its Middle East policy but the peace proposals prepared by Beijing have been updated and presented to the parties according to the changing context and China’s priorities. China, which has pursued a dual policy since the early 1990s, has actively sought a diplomatic solution to the conflict and has advocated the two-state solution model. Beijing’s recent diplomatic moves have made clear that it seeks a balance between the two sides. Of course, China’s international goals of becoming a global player and an effective power in the Middle East play an important role in this policy. However, several factors arising from the nature of the conflict may make it difficult for China to pursue its desired mediation diplomacy on the issue.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chinese Foreign Policy, The Israeli-Palestinian Conflict, Mediation Diplomacy, Peace Proposals, Pragmatism

Proje Numarası

yok

İsrail-Filistin Çatışmasına Yönelik Çin Dış Politikası: Filistin Yanlısı Söylemden Ara Buluculuk Diplomasisine

Öz

Bu çalışmada İsrail-Filistin çatışmasına yönelik Çin dış politikasının dönüşümü ana hatlarıyla incelenmekte ve Çin’ in Orta Doğu bölgesinde yürüttüğü politikayla olan ilişkisine değinilmektedir. Çalışmanın temel argümanı, Çin’in Filistin meselesine dair izlediği politikanın temel güdüsünün pragmatizm olduğudur. Zira Filistinlilere yarım asırdan fazla bir süredir verdiği destek esasen Çin’in Orta Doğu ülkelerinin güvenini alması ve uluslararası statüsünü güçlendirmesi için bir araç olmuştur. Mao sonrası dönemde İsrail ile yakınlaşma Çin’in çatışmadaki Filistin yanlısı tavrında ve tarihi konumunda revizyona gidilmesine sebep olurken ileri teknoloji odaklı gelişen ekonomik bağlar sayesinde Çin-İsrail ilişkileri ivme kazanmıştır. Öyle ki Çin’in Filistin tarafına sağladığı çok yönlü destek kademeli azalmış ve yürüttüğü Filistin yanlısı-İsrail karşıtı politikasından kademeli olarak ara bulucu bir pozisyona doğru evrilmiştir. Bu bağlamda Çin’in çatışmaya yönelik yaklaşımı Orta Doğu politikasıyla paralel bir seyir izlerken Pekin tarafından tasarlanan barış önerileri, değişen bağlama ve Çin’in önceliklerine göre güncellenerek taraflara sunulmuştur. 1990’ların başından itibaren ikili bir politika izleyen Çin, uzlaşmazlığın diplomatik çözümüne yönelik aktif bir politika izlemeyi arzulamış ve iki devletli çözüm modelini savunmuştur. Nitekim Pekin’in son dönemde attığı diplomatik adımlar iki taraf arasında bir denge kurmak istediğinin açık beyanı olmuştur. Ancak bu politikanın arkasında Çin’in küresel aktör olma ve Orta Doğu’da etkin bir güç olma gibi uluslararası hedefleri büyük rol oynamaktadır. Öte yandan çatışmanın doğasından kaynaklanan bir dizi faktör, Çin’in meseleye yönelik yürütmeyi amaçladığı ara buluculuk diplomasisinde elini zora sokabilecek unsurları oluşturuyor.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Çin Dış Politikası, İsrail-Filistin Çatışması, Ara Buluculuk Diplomasisi, Barış Önerileri, Pragmatizm

Destekleyen Kurum

yok

Proje Numarası

yok

Teşekkür

yok

Kaynakça

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