Üniversite-Sanayi İşbirlikleri Dışa Yönelik Yabancı Yatırımları Teşvik Ediyor mu? Eğitim Sisteminin Düzenleyici Etkisi

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 15 Sayı: 3, 525 - 536, 01.12.2025

Fatih Şahin

Öz

Üniversiteler ve sanayii firmaları arasında geliştirilen işbirlikleri son yıllarda yenilikçilik ekosisteminin önemli bir göstergesi olarak ön plana çıkmaktadır. Ancak mevcut yazın üniversite-sanayii işbirliklerini ele alırken üniversitelerin genişleyen ve çeşitlenen misyonlarını göz ardı ederek yalnızca yenilikçiliğe etkilerine odaklanmaktadır. Bu çalışmada ise söz konusu kısıtlılığın ötesine geçerek üniversite-sanayii işbirliklerinin teknolojik ve yenilikçi kaynaklar konusunda dezavantajlı olan az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde dışa doğru doğrudan yabancı sermaye faaliyetleri üzerine etkilerini ve bu ilişkide üniversite-sanayii işbirliklerinin etkinliğini yönlendireceği düşünülen eğitim sisteminin kalitesinin düzenleyici rolünü ortaya çıkarmak amaçlanmaktadır. 80 az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülke örnekleminde gerçekleştirilen çalışmada 2013-2022 yıllarını kapsayan ikincil verilerden hareketle panel regresyon analizi uygulanmıştır. Bulgular, üniversite sanayii işbirliklerinin sınır ötesi yatırımları olumlu yönde etkilediğini, bu etkilerin ise eğitim sistemine yapılan harcamaların yüksek düzeyinde güçlenerek arttığını göstermektedir. Eğitim sistemine yapılan harcamaların düşük düzeylerinde ise söz konusu olumlu etkiler ortadan kalkmaktadır. Az gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkelerde dışa doğru yabancı yatırımların belirleyicilerine odaklanan yazına firmaya özgü kaynaklar dışında üniversitelerle kurulan işbirlikleri ve eğitim sisteminin önemini vurgulayarak teorik katkılar sunan bu çalışma aynı zamanda politika yapıcılar için çeşitli öneriler sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Üniversite-Sanayii İşbirlikleri , Eğitim Sisteminin Kalitesi , Dışa Dönük Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırımlar , Gelişmekte Olan Ülkeler

Do University-Industry Collaborations Promote Outward Foreign Direct Investments? The Moderating Effect of the Education System

Öz

University-industry collaborations have gained increasing recognition as a key indicator of innovation ecosystems in recent years. However, existing literature often overlooks the expanding and diversifying roles of universities, focusing primarily on their impact on innovation. This study seeks to address this gap by exploring the effects of university-industry collaborations on outward foreign direct investment (FDI) activities in underdeveloped and developing countries, which face significant disadvantages in terms of technological and innovative resources. Additionally, it examines the regulatory role of the quality of the education system, which is believed to influence the effectiveness of these collaborations in fostering outward FDI. Using a sample of 80 underdeveloped and developing countries, panel regression analysis was conducted on secondary data covering the years 2013-2022. The findings reveal that university-industry collaborations positively influence cross-border investments, with these effects being stronger in countries with higher levels of education expenditures. These positive effects, however, disappear in contexts where education expenditures are low. This study makes important theoretical contributions to the literature on the determinants of outward FDI in underdeveloped and developing countries, highlighting the significance of university collaborations and the education system, in contrast to firm-specific resources. It also provides valuable policy recommendations for decision-makers in these countries.

Anahtar Kelimeler

University-Industry Collaboration , Quality of Education System , Outward Foreign Direct Investment , Developing Countries

Kaynakça

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